The objective of this study was to examine whether the factors which constitute the manufacturer/industrial-representative relationship, influence performance as predicted by control theory. In addition, the study evaluated the contribution of selected demographic factors such as size of the firm, and the representative's experience, on performance.

This research is aimed at assessing SADCC in relation to the degree to which it has accomplished its own aims, regional economic integration and reduction of dependency. The study has relied on and used the dependency theory which holds that the development in a peripheral capitalist system is a continuous process of dispossessing the less developed countries of their raw materials in favor of maintaining the advancement of the capitalist countries. In short, neo-colonial dependence view of underdevelopment attributes a large part of the Third World's continuing and worsening poverty to the existence and policies of the industrial capitalist and socialist countries and their extensions in the form of small but powerful elite groups in the less developed countries. The research came with the following findings and conclusions. That SADCC countries have been integrated into the capitalist system due to the European colonization. That despite the efforts of SADCC and their proclaimed goals of economic integration and self-reliance, the SADCC region has not reduced dependency but rather there is a new dependency on other external countries. SADCC's committed strategies have not produced self-reliance and economic integration in the region due to the structure and activities of SADCC. In order to correct this imbalance and dependency, few options are possible. SADCC should embark upon the socialist mode of development because socialist methods will diminish the degree of dependency as in the case of Cuba. Intra-regional trade should be encouraged to bring about some form of transaction flows and economic integration. Establish appropriate ways of encouraging agricultural productivity in order to alleviate the shortage of food problems in the region and adopt capital accumulation methods.

El presente trabajo es un plan de negocios, cuyo objetivo es aprovechar la oportunidad existente durante la comunicación entre el fabricante de tecnología y su canal de ventas corporativo minorista. Esta comunicación tiene muchas deficiencias, debido a la gran cantidad de marcas que operan localmente, las cuales brindan diversa información comercial y técnica sobre sus productos y servicios, que cambia y/o se actualiza de manera permanente. Se percibe el interés de los fabricantes en mejorar esta comunicación y la insatisfacción de la fuerza de ventas minorista, por la manera de cómo reciben la información. Esto ha sido corroborado en los sondeos realizados para la elaboración del presente documento. Validamos una oportunidad de mejora y optimización de la gestión de la comunicación del fabricante con el canal minorista, mediante un servicio que integre toda la información de cada marca en un solo lugar. Por lo tanto, se ofrecerá como propuesta de valor un servicio digital de suscripción de membresías para los fabricantes de tecnología, por medio de una aplicación móvil (App), la cual brindará información comercial de cada marca, de manera segura, actualizada, inmediata y gratuita, para el canal de ventas corporativo minorista. Además, esta herramienta buscará apoyar el incremento de las ventas y márgenes de los fabricantes de tecnología, mayoristas y minoristas. Finalmente, se espera un retorno con un valor actual neto (VAN) de S/. 508,536.54 soles y una tasa interna de retorno TIR de 51.17%. / This present work is a business plan. Its aim is to present a solution to leverage the current opportunity within the communication between technology manufacturers and reseller market. There are many gaps in this communication, mainly because the large number of companies operating on the market, which provide various commercial and technical information about their products and services that are being permanently changing and / or constantly updating. There is clearly an interest of the manufacturers to improve communication problems and the reseller market dissatisfaction in the way they receive the information, as reflected in surveys carried out in the market research. A service integrating information of each brand in one place will help to improve and optimize the manufacturer's communication management with the reseller market. Therefore, as a value proposition, an online membership subscription service for technology manufacturers will be offered to corporate retail market, through a free of charge mobile application (App) that provides prompt, up-to-day and secure commercial information of each brand. In addition, this tool (App) will seek to support the increase in sales and margins of technology manufacturers, wholesalers and reseller market. Finally, we expect a return with a Net Present Value (NPV) of S/ 508,536.54 soles and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 51.17% is expected. / Trabajo de investigación

Outsourcing has been a way for firms to reduce their cost of production and enabling them to focus on their core competencies for decades. As the total costs for manufacturing in China – the most prominent outsourcing location, are increasing due to unfavourable mar-ket changes, which in turn leads to loss of the competitive advantage, European companies are more and more often realizing and pursuing the benefits of ‘near-sourcing’ their manu-facturing operations to Eastern European countries. This paper is a study of outsourcing decisions related to specific products in the Swedish manufacturing industry, how the product characteristics identified through the Portfolio Model of Supplier Relationships, and how the dimensions of the CAGE Dimensions Framework affects such decisions. Primary data was collected through three qualitative, semi-structured interviews with re-spondents from Swedish manufacturers currently outsourcing to China and/or Eastern Europe. The data was analysed through categories obtained from thorough literature re-view, where theoretical models were found as a foundation for the research questions that were established. The research revealed that companies do follow the advised sourcing strategies for specific product characteristics. It serves as a good starting step, but can be developed into different directions. The leverage products were outsourced to China and Eastern Europe, while strategic items were also outsourced to Eastern Europe. However, some leverage items outsourced to both countries had some of the characteristics of a strategic item. The bene-fits from economic distance were the main advantage of production in China, whereas cul-tural and administrative distance had a negative impact. The economic distance for Eastern Europe provided benefits as well, even though these benefits were not as substantial as in China. The political distance served as both a positive and negative factor in Eastern Europe – positive due to its membership in European Union (for some of the countries) and negative due to high levels of corruption.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1981.

The existing literature on philanthropic effort during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries has taken a number of different approaches to the subject. These include general works charting the development of the charitable sector, the exploration of voluntary organisations as a subsidiary topic to broader themes and regional studies adopting a range of perspectives. Most research in this latter category has been conducted on large towns and cities that generally have copious amounts of source material. In contrast, lesser provincial towns have received relatively little scholarly attention, despite the more manageable nature of their documentation. The aim of this thesis is to explore the growth of charitable organisations within Macclesfield, an East Cheshire industrial town that was dominated by the silk industry. This study concentrates on the period from 1750 to 1900, when the silk industry was dominant within the town and philanthropic activity was at its height. The town?s silk manufacturers were renowned for their charitable work and thus this research focuses on the extent to which this occupational group was critical in the development of Macclesfield?s voluntary institutions, the motives that lay behind their contributions, and their achievements. In order to see whether their involvement was typical of other businessmen, comparisons are drawn throughout with the charitable activities of contemporary entrepreneurs in a variety of urban settings.This study investigates the silk manufacturers? participation in Macclesfield?s voluntary institutions in the fields of religion, education, public services and public amenities, together with any additional charitable acts. The evidence from all these areas suggests that in most cases the silk manufacturers were heavily involved in funding and managing these institutions. Their obvious motives reflected altruistic, religious and educational beliefs, but there were also a variety of other concerns that could have been contributory in determining their support for particular institutions. The primary achievement of Macclesfield?s voluntary sector was to provide a network of services that, in conjunction with later state initiatives, improved living standards for inhabitants by the end of the nineteenth century.This thesis gives an insight into the development of charitable institutions in a medium sized industrial town and demonstrates how one group of businessmen were able to dominate this field. Many silk manufacturers were generous in their support of charitable causes in Macclesfield, but the scale of their support did not match that of some other notable philanthropic families, such as the Crossleys of Halifax. The charitable work of the silk manufacturers appeared to be broadly similar to that of entrepreneurs in other small and medium sized industrial towns where they could form a dominant occupational group in public life. In larger towns and cities, this strong manufacturer influence was less evident and a greater range of other people contributed significantly to philanthropic institutions. This type of approach supplements the existing material on philanthropic effort during the long nineteenth century and overlaps a number of related subject areas, such as urban ?lite activity and the growth of the welfare state.

Thesis (M.B.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1981. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M.A.) - Carleton University, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 182-198). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

The problem of this investigation was to make an exploratory examination of the distribution practices of apparel manufacturers as perceived by apparel retailers. Specifically, the purposes of this study were to identify those areas of perceived conflict between women's apparel retailers and apparel manufacturers from the viewpoint of the retailer, determine if there was a relationship between select retailer variables and the quality of service that retailers perceived apparel manufacturers were giving, determine whether some merchandise classifications were perceived by retailers to be greater problem areas than other merchandise classifications, to determine factors contributing to the enhancement of perceived conflict within apparel marketing channels, and to suggest remedies that would improve apparel channel relationships. The report concluded with the presentation of an apparel retailer expectation model and suggestions for additional research.

Organic food is a food product that is obtained from organic products and a limited amount of authorized additives defined technological process according to special regulation and the control regimen. Regional foods are due to short transport distances much fresher than food that has circulated for a long time. Regional foods tend therefore usually taste better and more valuable nutritional properties. Equally important is the fact that the closer the food to the consumer, the less loaded environment during transportation. The aim of the thesis is to evaluate the structure offers regional food and organic food producers to seek their districts Prachatice, and Strakonice Czech Budejovice. When evaluating the questionnaires, it was found that two-thirds of respondents regularly buy organic or regional food. Most often it is bought at a store in a specialized department.Most of the respondents to pay extra for regional food for a month for her to spend in the range of 200 to 500 CZK.