A distribuiÃÃo dos organismos em relaÃÃo ao seu habitat à de importÃncia central para a ecologia. A natureza dessa distribuiÃÃo fornece visÃo inicial sobre os tipos de processos ecolÃgicos que regulam as assemblÃias e populaÃÃes. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar e comparar a estrutura da macrofauna bentÃnica, correlacionando-a com as condiÃÃes ambientais de bancos arenolamosos nos estuÃrios dos rios Pacoti e Pirangi, CearÃ. Em fevereiro de 2005, foram coletadas 45 amostras em cada estuÃrio e preservadas em formol, lavadas em Ãgua corrente, coradas com rosa bengala, triadas com o auxÃlio de microscÃpio eletrÃnico e os organismos identificados ao menor nÃvel taxonÃmico possÃvel. Os parÃmetros temperatura, matÃria orgÃnica, CaCO3, cascalho, areia e finos apresentaram diferenÃas significativas (p<0,05) entre os dois estuÃrios. No Pacoti, a espÃcie Laeonereis culveri (Annelida: Polychaeta) apresentou maior densidade (10422,98 ind/m2) e, no Pirangi, Tagelus plebeius (Mollusca: Bivalvia) com 910,35 ind/m2. A anÃlise apontou forte correlaÃÃo negativa entre a abundÃncia mÃdia com a matÃria orgÃnica e argila no estuÃrio do Pirangi e uma forte correlaÃÃo positiva entre a riqueza com mÃdia do grÃo, matÃria orgÃnica, silte e correlaÃÃo negativa com a areia no estuÃrio do rio Pacoti. A abundÃncia mÃdia foi mais elevada no Pacoti, porÃm riqueza, equitabilidade e diversidade foram mais elevadas no rio Pirangi. No rio Pacoti, a anÃlise de agrupamento revelou um banco areno-lamoso altamente homogÃneo, com elevado grau de similaridade entre os pontos. Jà o Pirangi mostrou-se mais heterogÃneo com menor grau de similaridade. A anÃlise do BIOENV discriminou seleÃÃo do grÃo, carbonato de cÃlcio e teor de matÃria orgÃnica como os fatores abiÃticos que melhor explicaram a estrutura da macrofauna bentÃnica do banco areno-lamoso do rio Pacoti e a porcentagem de cascalho e de finos no banco areno-lamoso do rio Pirangi. / The distribution of organisms regarding their habitat plays an important role in ecological studies. The nature of this distribution provides an initial view on the types of ecological processes regulating the assemblages and the populations. The present study aims to characterize and to compare the benthic macroinfauna community structure, correlating it with the environmental conditions at the muddysand flats at the Pacoti and the Pirangi estuaries. In February 2005, 45 samples were collected in each estuary, sample were preserved in formol, passed through a 0,3mm mesh, dyed with rose, sorted and the organisms identified. The amount of shingle, sand, silt, and clay presented significant differences (p<0,05) between the two estuaries. At Pacoti estuary, Laeonereis culveri presented the highest density (10,423 ind/m2) and, at Pirangi estuary, Tagelus plebeius was the dominant species with a density of 910.35 ind/m2. Analysis pointed out a strong negative correlation between the average abundance and the organic matter, and between the average abundance and clay at the Pirangi estuary. At the Pacoti estuary, a strong positive correlation was observed out between the richness and several parameters such as the mean grain size, organic matter, and silt. A negative correlation between the richness and the amount of sand was also evidenced at the same estuary. The average abundance was higher at Pacoti, whereas richness, equitability, and diversity were higher at Pirangi. At the Pacoti estuary, the cluster analysis revealed a highly homogeneous muddy-sand flat, with strong similarity among samples. On the other hand, Pirangi was more heterogeneous with a lower similarity degree. The BIOENV analysis discriminated grain selection, CaCO3, and the amount of organic matter as the abiotic factors that best explain the structure of benthic macroinfauna communitâs in the muddy-sand flat at Pacoti. At the Pirangi estuary, the relevant abiotic factors were the shingle and fine sediment percentage.

La pesca es una de las actividades más importantes a nivel internacional por los beneficios económicos y nutricionales que brinda a la población mundial. El Perú se encuentra entre las principales potencias pesqueras con el 8% de producción anual. A pesar de ello, no existe un correcto control de las extracciones pesqueras, ni consciencia de conservación entre los pescadores, produciendo depredación de la fauna marina. Esto se evidencia en Pucusana, la sobrepoblación de pescadores que buscan medios para subsistir lleva a la sobreexplotación de la zona, teniendo como consecuencia una menor producción anual. El Proyecto tiene como finalidad intervenir el terminal pesquero de Pucusana, implementando áreas funcionales para el adecuado procesamiento pesquero. Para esto, se realizó el levantamiento del inmueble, con un respectivo análisis de la edificación y de su entorno, además, se consideró a los usuarios y las funciones para poder tener una mejor propuesta. Las estrategias organizativas, de experiencia, formal y espacial se llevaron a cabo gracias al diagnóstico generado luego del análisis, conectando de esta manera problemas existentes con una propuesta que los resuelva en el desarrollo de un Máster plan. El valor agregado se encuentra en el sector elegido del proyecto , el cual, se centra en la conexión del terminal con la ruta turística existente en el distrito de Pucusana a través de la creación de un mercado, unificando el proceso pesquero con el turismo, de esta forma se crea la posibilidad de tener una venta de productos pesqueros directa con el consumidor. El proyecto beneficiaría a los pescadores económicamente y culturalmente ya que también contarán con espacios para recibir charlas y clases referentes a la conservación marina, entre otros temas afines. / Fishing is one of the most important activities at the interna¬tional level due to the economic and nutritional benefits it provides to the world population. Peru is among the main fi¬shing powers with 8% of annual production. Despite this, the¬re is no proper control of fishing extractions, or conservation awareness for fishermen, causing predation of marine fauna. This is evidenced in Pucusana, the overpopulation of fisher¬men looking for means of subsistence leads to the overex¬ploitation of the area, resulting in a lower annual production. The purpose of the Project is to intervene in the Pucusana fishing terminal, implementing functional areas for adequate fish processing. For this, the survey of the property was carried out, with a respective analysis of the building and its surroundings, in addition, the users and the functions were considered to have a better proposal. The organizational, experience, formal and spatial strategies were carried out thanks to the diagnosis generated after the analysis, thus connecting existing problems with a proposal that resolves them in the development of a Master plan. The added value is found in the chosen sector of the project, which focuses on the connection of the terminal with the existing tourist route in the Pucusana district through the creation of a market, unifying the fishing process with tourism, in this way, the possibility of having a direct sale of fishery products with the consumer is created. The project would benefit fishermen economically and culturally because they will also have spaces to receive talks and classes related to marine conservation, among other related topics. / Trabajo de Suficiencia Profesional