La pensée de Confucius se centre sur le Ren. Pour beaucoup de sinologues, le Lun-yu n'est rien d'autre qu'un traité d'éthique et de morale. D'autres, y voient le développement d'une vision esthétique du monde. Mais de ces deux concepts, y en a-t-il un qui soit plus fondamental que l'autre dans l'élaboration et la structure de la pensée confucéenne? Ma recherche commencera par une étude approfondie de certains textes originaux du Lun-Yu où apparaît plus clairement la sensibilité esthétique de Confucius, et sur lesquels je me propose de m'appuyer pour montrer comment l'esthétique peut s'offrir comme une clef de compréhension de toute l'oeuvre de Confucius et de toute sa pensée. Nous espérons que le fruit de ce travail permettra de faire progresser la compréhension mutuelle Est-Ouest en même temps que la fécondité du dialogue interculturel. / The thought of Confucius centers on Ren. For many sinologists, Lun-yu is not but a treaty of ethics and morality. For others, they see the development of an aesthetic vision of the world. But, the key to understand Confucius' thought is in the Sense of Moral or in the Sense of Beauty? My research will begin with a study of certain original texts of the Lun-Yu where appear more apparently the aesthetic sensibility of Confucius, and on which I propose that the Sense of Beauty can present itself as a key of understanding of all work of Confucius and all its thought. I hope that the fruit of this study will allow to make develop mutual understanding East-West at the same time as the fecundity of intercultural dialogue

Shan-Mei, a Tsou aboriginal village in Taiwan, is widely known as a legend of environmental conservation, where ecotourism has been successfully combined with integrated community development. Indigenous knowledge containing "ecological wisdom" and decision-making based on consensus are perceived to be the greatest contributors to this achievement. I conducted three months of fieldwork in Shan-Mei, primarily using the methods of participant observation and semi-structured interviews. The purpose of this study was to reexamine the ecotourism and community development in Shan-Mei. I found that the ecotourism project is ecologically based, but not ecologically sound. With a combination of nature-based tourism and ethnic tourism, and later expansion into mass tourism, Shan-Mei's ecotourism project yielded negative environmental impacts. The unplanned development of mass tourism especially brought overcrowding that endangered a fragile fish species and the surrounding ecosystem. Lack of education about environmental issues created misperceptions among tourists and local people about the role of conservation in ecotourism. The community also faced problems of inappropriate government intervention, declining local participation in the project, and internal conflicts of interest. There was a need for better training and implementation of the interpretive program, professional assistance by outside experts for environmental assessment and planning, and better protection for indigenous rights in the laws of the nation state. This case illustrates that ecologically sound ecotourism not only requires indigenous knowledge but also expertise and legal protection that recognizes local autonomy. Despite the shortcomings, the Shan-Mei community was found to be proactive in creating a better future for its residents. The community used the revenue from ecotourism and government aid to establish its own social welfare program, fund various projects to revive traditional culture, assist agricultural development, and improve everyone's quality of life. The community benefited from ecotourism and community development in terms of inventing a hybrid Shan-Mei culture and forming a stronger sense of identity and autonomy. Shan-Mei provides invaluable lessons in its experience with ecotourism in its strategic adaptation to modernization. / Graduation date: 2002

Submitted by RAFAEL ROVERI SABIÃO null (rrsabiao@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-04-18T18:42:09Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Rafael Roveri Sabião.pdf: 2541381 bytes, checksum: 3e09347a4b40e6f47b0edbebccd7c931 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-04-19T16:43:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 sabiao_rr_dr_jabo.pdf: 2541381 bytes, checksum: 3e09347a4b40e6f47b0edbebccd7c931 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-19T16:43:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 sabiao_rr_dr_jabo.pdf: 2541381 bytes, checksum: 3e09347a4b40e6f47b0edbebccd7c931 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O pessegueiro vem ganhando espaço em regiões produtoras de frutas do estado de São Paulo, principalmente as cultivares de baixo requerimento de frio, como o ‘Aurora-1’. O umezeiro é um portaenxerto que condiciona menores volumes de copa em plantas de pessegueiro, além de possuir resistência a patógenos de solo, sendo objeto de estudo neste trabalho, avaliando-se sua clonagem por estaquia, além de sua combinação com o ‘Aurora-1’, por enxertia de mesa, e enraizamento simultâneo. Em ambos os trabalhos foram utilizadas as concentrações 0; 1.000; 3.000 e 5.000 mg/L de AIB para tratamento das estacas, que foram coletadas em duas situações de vegetação da planta de umezeiro: estacas herbáceas retiradas da planta adulta e estacas herbáceas retiradas da planta após 60 dias da poda de rejuvenescimento. Foram avaliados: porcentagem de sobrevivência, com folhas, calos e enraizamento das estacas, número e comprimento médio de raízes e porcentagem de enxertos vivos e com estacas enraizadas. Também foi realizado um estudo histológico, por microscopia eletrônica de varredura, das regiões de rizogênese e de contato e união da enxertia. Os materiais vegetativos propagados apresentaram melhores resultados depois de uma poda rejuvenescimento. A estaquia teve superioridade em todas as variáveis avaliadas em comparação à enxertia de mesa. O ‘Rigitano’ apresentou melhores resultados, sendo superado pelo Clone 15 apenas na sobrevivência dos enxertos. O uso de AIB influenciou na sobrevivência e no enraizamento das estacas e incrementou o número médio de raízes por estaca. / The peach tree is becoming more popular in fruit producing regions of São Paulo, mainly cultivars with low chill requirement, such as 'Aurora-1'. The japanese apricot, as being a rootstock that conditions smallest canopy in peach plants, besides having resistance to soil pathogens, being object of this work, evaluating their cloning by cuttings and their combination in grafting with simultaneous rooting, with the 'Aurora-1'. In both studies was used the concentrations 0; 1,000; 3,000 and 5000 mg/L of IBA in two vegetation situations of mume plant: softwood cuttings taken from adult plants and softwood cuttings taken from the plant after 60 days of rejuvenation pruning. It was evaluated the rooting percentage parameters of cuttings, number and average length of roots and percentage of survival of grafts with rooting cuttings. It was also conducted a histological study, by scanning electron microscopy, of the root formation zone and contact grafting. The vegetative material propagated showed better results after a rejuvenation pruning. The cuttings had superiority in all variables evaluated, in comparison to the cuttings grafted. The 'Rigitano' had the best results, being overcome by Clone 15 only in the survival of grafts. The IBA concentrations influenced the survival and rooting of cuttings and the use of IBA increased the average number of roots of cutting. / CNPq: 140598/2013-8

Thèse 3 cycle--Études extrême-orientales--Paris VII, 1980. / Bibliogr. p. 328-356.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

Jin Ping Mei 金瓶梅, œuvre controversée dès son apparition à la fin du XVIe siècle, fut très tôt reconnue comme une des œuvres phare du roman chinois en langue vulgaire, notamment par Feng Menglong 馮夢龍 (1574-1646) qui le désigna comme un des Si da qishu 四 大奇書 (Quatre grands livres extraordinaires). De nombreux mystères à son sujet restent encore débattus aujourd’hui, parmi lesquels l’identité de son auteur, l’authenticité de ses éditions, ou les interprétations possibles de ce roman. La réputation exécrable dont il continue de souffrir en Chine continentale ne l’a pas empêché de susciter l’intérêt des premiers sinologues français et anglais et ceci dès 1816. En prenant pour point de départ une analyse des sources et une synthèse des hypothèses en cours concernant Jin Ping Mei et ses interprétations, notre thèse fera le point sur toutes les adaptations et traductions en anglais et en français de l’ouvrage, notamment en mettant en parallèle les deux meilleures traductions intégrales dont nous disposons actuellement, à savoir en français, celle d’André Lévy (1985), et en anglais, celle de David Tod Roy (de 1993 à 2013). Cette confrontation nous permettra de distinguer les différentes interprétations de l’ouvrage retenues par les traducteurs, et d’exposer les stratégies mises en place par eux pour le traduire. Un aspect crucial de notre travail consistera à souligner dans notre critique les positions interprétatives des traducteurs, et le potentiel interprétatif qui résulte de leurs choix. Loin de vouloir appliquer à ces traductions un jugement de valeur, nous espérons au contraire offrir une meilleure compréhension de la profondeur de cette œuvre si complexe et controversée. / Jin Ping Mei 金瓶梅, one of the greatest masterpieces of the vernacular Chinese fiction, faced controversy ever since it appeared at the end of the 16th century. Scholars like Feng Menglong馮夢龍 (1574-1646) recognized the novel to be exceptional early on, placing it amongst the Si da qishu 四大奇書 (Four Masterworks of the Ming Novel). However, there still is a halo of unresolved mysteries around Jin Ping Mei, despite the fact that it has been the focal point of numerous studies. Some questions remain unsolved, such as the identity of its author, the authenticity of its editions, or its possible interpretations. Despite the bad reputation that the novel still suffers from in mainland China, its raised the interest from French and English sinologists as soon as 1816. Ever since, the novel has been the subject of partial translations and adaptations highly perfectible. Starting with an analysis of the sources and a synthesis of current hypothesis about the book and its interpretations, our thesis will then focus on all the adaptations and translations of the novel in English and in French, to ultimately confront the two best integral translations available to that day, namely André Lévy’s (1985) and David Tod Roy’s (1993 to 2013). This confrontation will allow us to distinguish the interpretations that translators had of the novel, and to expose the strategies they resorted to. A crucial part of our work will be to underline the interpretative positions of both translators, and the interpretative potential that results from their choices. Our goal is not to judge of the value of said translations, but rather to offer a better understanding of the depth of Jin Ping Mei. / 自十六世紀末問世以來，《金瓶梅》一直都是一部有爭議的作品。作為一部中國古代通俗長篇小說的著作，以及被馮夢龍稱為“四大奇書”之一，《金瓶梅》至今為止仍存在許多未解之謎。雖然對作品的相關研究日漸增多，但是關於作者的身份、版本以及對作品的闡釋等問題尚未達成共識。直至今日，《金瓶梅》在中國仍臭名昭著，但是這並不妨礙它在國外的流傳。早至1816 年，這部作品便引起了法國第一位漢學家的注意。兩個世紀以來，在法國紛紛出現了各種選段翻譯、改寫以及問題種種的不完整的法譯本。同樣，《金瓶梅》在英美國家的傳播之路也是漫長而艱難。該論文首先對《金瓶梅》的文學特色以及作品闡釋的問題進行相關探討，然後對《金瓶梅》所有翻譯和改寫的法譯本和英譯本進行研究，特別是對該作品的兩個完整的法譯本(André Lévy 雷威安 1985 年譯成)和英譯本(David TodRoy 苪效衛 1993 年至2013 年五卷本) 進行對比研究。通過對這些譯本的研究，我們能深入地了解譯者對作品的闡釋，他們採用的翻譯策略，以及他們譯本的優劣性。該論文的研究重點是譯者對作品闡釋的主體性，以及他們的翻譯策略給譯本讀者對原著理解帶來的影響。我們的研究並不是為了對譯本進行質量的評估，而是通過對譯本的研究來讓我們對《金瓶梅》這一複雜而極具爭議的作品有更深層的了解。

The diploma thesis deals with monitoring imidazoles in selected types of beverages. The aim is to detect imidazoles in drinks by High Performance Liquid Chromatography with the use of Mass Spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The coumpounds that were detected are 2-Methylimidazole, 4-Methylimidazole and 2-Acetyl-4(5)-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutyl)-imidazole. The theoretical part concerns the origin of imidazoles, its occurrence and influence on human health. There is also a brief introduction to technology of production of beverages containing imidazoles. The practical part statistically compares imidazoles concentration amongst separated types of dark beers, cola beverages, coffee beans and instant coffees. The end of the thesis focuses on determining a dependency of imidazoles on roast time in Ethiopia coffee beans.

Ausgehend von einer Darstellung der (an TEI angelehnten) Entwicklung von MEI werden die Forschungsperspektiven des Einsatzes dieses für wissenschaftliche Zwecke geschaffenen Formats und speziell das Potential seines umfangreichen Header-Bereichs beschrieben. Am Beispiel der Rolle von Faksimiles in Editionen wird deutlich, wie dieses Format zu einer neuen Zusammenarbeit von Wissenschaft und Bibliotheken beitragen kann. / Starting from the description of the development of MEI (which has to be seen in parallel with TEI) the paper deals with the perspectives of the usage of this format, which was designed for scholarly purposes and, in the library context, has high potentials especially in the header-section. The role of facsimiles in editions illustrates how this format might contribute to a new way of collaboration between the scholarly and the library world.

Das Internationale Quellenlexikon der Musik (RISM) ist ein internationales Gemeinschaftsprojekt mit dem Ziel, die weltweit überlieferten Quellen zur Musik umfassend zu dokumentieren. Es bietet einen Online-Katalog, der Bibliothekaren, Musikern, Wissenschaftlern und allen interessierten Personen kostenlos zur Verfügung steht. Zunehmend gerät aber der Austausch von Daten in den Vordergrund, sei es von lokalen Online-Bibliothekskatalogen zu RISM oder umgekehrt. Für die Wissenschaft dürfte die Nachnutzung der Daten, die sowohl als Open Data als auch Linked Open Data bereitstehen, in Spezialprojekten von Interesse sein. / The International Inventory of musical Sources (RISM) is an international joint project with the aim of comprehensively documenting the sources of music worldwide. It offers an online catalogue that is available free of charge to librarians, musicians, scientists and all interested people. Increasingly, however, the exchange of data comes to the fore, be it from local online library catalogues to RISM or vice versa. For the science, the reuse of the data, which are available as open data as well as linked open data, may be of interest in special projects.

The population of the villages and towns in Chi Mei District in Kaohsiung county has been agriculture-based from the early days and has been their primary source of income ever since. However, the town has been suffering from the impact of the modernization created by the joining of WTO and the introduction of newer technologies in farming, and environmental deterioration caused by industrialization and urbanization. The intended changes did not provide the necessary platform in the areas of product improvement, new marketing methodology and sadly it did not improve the present overall lifestyle of the town as we see the trend of moving towards modern industrial economy. Recently with the introduction of organic products, the benefits and increasing demands has initiated more openings of organic farms which double up as a retreat for interested individuals looking for a short stay away from their usual fast paced urban areas. Realizing the attraction of the trend, traditional agriculture-based the villages and towns in Chi Mei District can make full use of its favorable locations and with suitable business coupled with marketing strategies. These proposals can provide and open up discussions on the viable options to adopt including the potential of grooming the town as tourist attractions on their modernize farms as a retreat hot spot in the future.