Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Comunicação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, 2015. / Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2016-06-14T18:17:29Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_CarolinaGuedesCamelodeJorge.pdf: 4680242 bytes, checksum: 26801f3cf98b90853f3fe24cbec38d76 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2016-06-15T19:45:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_CarolinaGuedesCamelodeJorge.pdf: 4680242 bytes, checksum: 26801f3cf98b90853f3fe24cbec38d76 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T19:45:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_CarolinaGuedesCamelodeJorge.pdf: 4680242 bytes, checksum: 26801f3cf98b90853f3fe24cbec38d76 (MD5) / Este trabalho apresenta uma análise sobre a representação social do microempreendedor individual (MEI) na publicidade do Sebrae, Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro e Pequenas Empresas. Para isso, utiliza como referencial metodológico a hermenêutica de profundidade, proposta pelo sociólogo John Thompson, composta por três fases distintas. A primeira, chamada de análise sócio histórica, contextualiza o objeto de estudo e apresenta os cenários e conhecimentos relevantes à investigação: o Sebrae, o microempreendedor individual, os conceitos de comunicação e as estratégias de persuasão, a teoria das representações sociais e os processos de identificação. A segunda, análise formal, direciona a discussão para as formas simbólicas em si, ou seja, a publicidade veiculada pelo Sebrae e voltada para o MEI. São analisadas, ao todo, vinte e uma diferentes peças publicitárias criadas e veiculadas pela entidade, entre os anos de 2009 e 2014. A terceira fase da hermenêutica de profundidade, chamada de interpretação ou reinterpretação, investiga tanto as esferas de produção, quanto de recepção da publicidade do Sebrae. Como resultado das análises, percebe-se a dificuldade em objetivar o conceito de microempreendedor individual, o que destaca a complementaridade entre texto e imagem, fundamental para o sucesso da comunicação. A pesquisa revela que a representação social do microempreendedor individual ainda é recente e está em processo de assimilação. O conceito é ancorado no termo “trabalha por conta própria”, mas sua objetivação adquire imagens diversas. O público-alvo da mensagem é impactado pela publicidade do Sebrae e a compreende, uma vez que não espera ver nela um espelho de si mesmo, mas sim uma tentativa de representação da categoria empresarial a qual pertence. O mesmo público também percebe a dificuldade de objetivação do conceito. Além disso, entende a importância e necessidade de capacitação empresarial, assimilando sua identidade como empreendedor, empresário e, por fim, microempreendedor individual. / This work presents an analysis of the social representation of the individual microentrepreneur (MEI) in the Micro and Small Business Support Service’s advertising. To achieve its goals, this research approaches the object through John B. Thompson’s depth hermeneutics, which includes three different stages. The first, called social-historic analysis, contextualizes the object of study and presents all sceneries and knowledge relevant to the investigation: Sebrae, the individual microentrepreneur, communication concepts and persuasion strategies, social representations theory and processes of identification. The second stage, formal discursive analysis, debates symbolic forms, namely Sebrae’s advertising campaigns that addresses MEI. In all, twenty-one different ads are analysed created and broadcasted by the company, between 2009 and 2014. The third stage of the depth hermeneutics, called interpretation or reinterpretation, addresses both areas of Sebrae’s advertising production and reception. As a result, analysis show it is difficult to objectify the concept of the individual microentrepreneur, highlighting the complementarity between text and image, which is basic to the success of the communication process. This research shows that the social representation of the individual microentrepreneur is a recent phenomenon and is still in construction. The concept is anchored in the expression “works on own account”, but its objectification acquires numerous images. Sebrae’s advertising reaches its target audience. The public understands the message because they do not expect to see their image as a perfect mirror, but in fact, an attempt to represent the social category they are in. This same public notices the difficulty of objectification of the concept. Moreover, they comprehend the importance and need of entrepreneurial empowerment, linking their identities to concepts such as entrepreneur, businessperson and individual microentrepreneur.

文獻學與文化研究是金學研究的大宗，二者關注的共同點是《金瓶梅》「寫了什麼」；本論文則結合評點及敘事學，整合《金瓶梅》的敘事原則，分析特定敘事筆法反覆出現的用意，有系統地探究《金瓶梅》的敘事特徵及藝術成就，亦即藉著分析敘事者「如何講述故事」，建立起藝術筆法與小說內容之間的關係。 援引敘事理論探討傳統小說，一部份的目的在於更精確地描述小說的特色，而非還原作者的意圖，或尋求完整的詮釋體系。因此，雖然西方敘事理論已發展成一套便於操作的分析方法，但本論文並不完全依循敘事理論解析《金瓶梅》，僅參酌敘事理論能與傳統評點相互呼應之處，論述用語仍以評點為主，取其切合中國文化與詮釋傳統的優點，可避免論述文字歐化之病；也保留評點特意關注，但敘事理論並未探究者。本論文章節架構則大體依照敘事理論建立，不只為了條理分明地說明評點的內涵，也注重敘事理論已經觸及，但評點論述不足的敘事特徵，藉此開拓《金瓶梅》的詮釋面向。 本論文從結構、時空、視角三個層面，析論《金瓶梅》的敘事技巧，並參酌熱奈特（Gérard Genette）的敘事理論。論文第二章便借用他對故事時間及敘事時間的區分，對敘事「延伸」（narrative scattering）的分析，以及科比利（Paul Cobley）對敘事中「期待」及「回憶」的探討，來闡釋《金瓶梅》組織段落的次序所蘊含的意義，並說明書中如何聯繫不連續的片段。本章亦探討評點中「綴合」的觀念，分析《金瓶梅》如何連接相鄰的片段。第三章援引羅蘭‧巴特（Roland Barthes）「現實效應」（reality effects）的概念，分析《金瓶梅》中的「細節」及評點者的閱讀樂趣，並重新思考蒲安迪（Andrew H. Plaks）「形象迭用」的意涵。第四章則運用敘事理論中的「視角」（point of view）及「敘事情境」（narrative situatiion），重新詮釋說書人及說書情境對傳統小說的影響，並藉助「凝視」（gaze）及「偷窺」（voyeurism）理論，探討《金瓶梅》中擅以偷窺寫人物「破綻」的特徵。 透過本論文的分析可知，作者重新組織包羅萬象的現實生活，使敘事時間及故事時間之間產生對比，不但具有相互映照或延宕懸念的效果，也能涵容同一敘事時間內的諸多敘事線索。各種串接不同片段的敘事筆法，則使人物及事件間產生緊密的聯繫，形成各個事件之間互為因果，錯綜影響的關係。「說書」的情境能聯繫虛構的小說世界與真實的人生，構成小說人物種種所為被公諸於世的語境，滿足聽眾／讀者一窺究竟的好奇心與偷窺欲；以小說人物的偷窺作為敘事視角時，則能突顯敘事視角隱含的意識型態，也使讀者及評點者都成為偷窺者，獲得不同的閱讀樂趣。上述特徵與《金瓶梅》隨處可見的「擬真」描寫，以及「白描」、「沒要緊處」餘韻無窮的筆墨，共同構成《金瓶梅》逼真的時空環境與特殊的講述角度，使讀者藉著虛擬的經驗，在極短的閱讀時間之內，見證西門家的興亡盛衰，感同身受地理解「盛極而衰」及「一切皆空」的哲理。

袁枚（1716-1797）和章學誠（1738-1801）被郭紹虞稱為清代最有識見的兩位文學批評家。他們生活的乾、嘉時期，文壇和學術界那裏不同學派盤根錯結，紛爭不斷。揭櫫復古大旗的格調派與桐城派先後稱霸文壇，同時，考據派又成為顯學，力壓具官方背景的宋學，其影響力不斷向文壇滲透。然而復古派過分重視對古人文章形式的模仿，而考據派又太過注重知識的表現，因此造成了文學創作模式單調而內容刻板沉悶的局面。面對這個局面，袁枚和章學誠先後主張以個人性情作為文學創作的主導，同時又提倡融合不同學說的優點，摒除門戶之見，以打破學術上的封閉，為文學和學術的困境尋找新出路。 / 可惜，過去學界往往只將袁枚和章學誠的文論立場置於開放和保守的對立位置上來作互相比較，然而忽略了他們的文論針對的目標，以致某些特徵都具有相當明顯的一致性。因此，本文就袁、章二人文論中具一致性的觀點分成四部分展開討論，首先從兩人所處的時代觀察他們在面對強勢時代風氣有何不同反應；繼而探討他們如何受前代（如宋明理學）和當代（如考據學）學術思想的影響，並如何面對以及加以改造；隨後，本文就其思想特徵轉入討論他們對復古派的批評和改造文壇的創作模式；最後，再深入探索袁、章二人對文學創作才能的要求以及其對文學功能的看法。本文期望通過深入對比袁、章二人文論的特徵，對之進行比較，以期對清中期文論發展有更全面的認識。 / Yuan Mei 袁枚 (1716-1797) and Zhang Xuecheng 章學誠 (1738-1801) are both revered as the most visionary literary critics of Qing dynasty by Guo Shaoyu(郭绍虞). In the QianJia era(乾嘉時期), different literary schools conflicted with each other until the literary world finally ruled by Gediao school(格調派) and Tongcheng school(桐城派), both belong to Retro school and advocated archaism. Besides, Textual school (考據派) replace the status of officially supported Song school(宋學), and became the most influential power, and its influence on literary aspect was increasing. Under such influences, however, the literary world lost its vitality because Retro school focuses too much on imitating ancient works while textual school emphasizes excessively on knowledge. Since both Retro school and Textual school ignored personality in literature, Yuan Mei and Zhang Xuecheng advocated personal temperament as the major literary considerations. Furthermore, they promoted the advantages of the integration of different thoughts to prevent the disadvantages of the dispute between diferent schools and to find anew way for literature and academia. / In the past, academics generally put Yuan Mei and Zhang Xuecheng on the opposite side to compare their literary proposition. This thesis, on the contrary, endeavors to analyze the similarities of their literary ideas rom four perspectives. First, we shall focus on the historical background to observe their reactions to different trends of QianJia era. The second part analyzes how Neo-Confucianism(理學) and Textual school affect their thoughts. Thirdly, we turn to examine their criticism of archaism and hence their suggestions of literary reform. Finally, we explore Yuan and Zhang's requirements of talents in literary creations and their views on the function of literature. Through the comparison of different aspects of Yuan and Zhang’s literary theories, this thesis attempts to gain a better understanding of the development of Mid-Qing literary thoughts. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 黃永順. / Parallel title from English abstract. / Thesis (M.Phil.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-179). / Abstracts in Chinese and English. / Huang Yongshun.

Thesis (M.A.)--香港中文大學. / Manuscript. / Includes bibliographical references(leaves 314-326). / Thesis (M.A.)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue. / Chapter 一 --- 緒論 / Chapter 二 --- 官辦時期 / Chapter ´¡　 --- 漢陽鐵廠創辦的目的和經過 / Chapter 1 --- 張之洞創辦漢陽鐵廠的目的 / Chapter 2 --- 鐵廠創辦的經過 / Chapter ´Ł　 --- 燃料問題 / Chapter ´Ø　 --- 機器問題 / Chapter ´Ð　 --- 廠址問題 / Chapter 三 --- 官督商辦時期 / Chapter ´¡　 --- 鐵廠改歸官督商辦的經過 / Chapter ´Ł　 --- 燃料問題的解決´Ð萍鄉煤礦的開採 / Chapter ´Ø　 --- 與日本簽訂預借生鐵礦石價值合同的經過和影響 / Chapter ´Ð --- 機器設備的改良和擴充 / Chapter ´Þ --- 新廠址的建議 / Chapter 四 --- 商辦時期 / Chapter ´¡　 --- 清末 / Chapter 1 --- 漢治萍煤鐵廠研的合併 / Chapter 2 --- 股本的籌集 / Chapter 3 --- 經營概況 / Chapter ´Ł　 --- 民初 / Chapter 1 --- 中中合辦的問題 / Chapter 2 --- 省有問題 / Chapter 3 --- 國有問題 / Chapter 4 --- 官商合辦的問題 / Chapter ´Ø　 --- 歐戰時期 / Chapter 1 --- 歐戰對漢治萍公司的影響 / Chapter 2 --- 廿一條與漢治萍公司 / Chapter ´Ð　 --- 歐戰以後 / Chapter 1 --- 漢治萍公司的波落 / Chapter 2 --- 波落後的漢治萍公司 / Chapter 五 --- 漢治萍公司失敗的原因 / Chapter ´¡　 --- 計畫不周 / Chapter ´Ł　 --- 經營不善 / Chapter ´Ø　 --- 用人不當 / Chapter ´Ð --- 環境不良 / Chapter ´Þ --- 成本高昂 / Chapter 六 --- 總結

由於台灣地區地形陡峻，雨水蓄積並不容易，再加上近來全球氣候變遷，致使台灣地區降雨型態轉變，豐枯季節降雨不均，枯水期河水短缺，豐水期則任由洪流入海，上述因素使得南部地區民眾長期以來深為用水問題所苦。 為了解決用水問題，技術官僚咸認為開發水庫為當今謀求水源之不二法門，因此計劃於美濃地區興建水庫，以滿足南部地區用水需求。其認為興建美濃水庫一方面不僅可解決長期以來南部地區民眾無水可用之苦，另一方面則藉由供應工業園區用水，進而建設台灣成為科技島，可謂立意良善。然而此立意良善之政策，卻屢遭美濃當地居民抗爭，延宕至今仍無法動工。究竟在美濃水庫興建決策的研擬過程，出現了什縻問題？其造成爭議的論點何在？而相關政策參與者間又如何互動？以上種種問題則引發筆者對於美濃水庫興建之政策網絡型態研究的動機。 對於美濃水庫興建政策之研究，首先要思考的，即是採取何種研究之途徑，較有助於分析不同參與者之間的互動關係及其對政策結果的影響？筆者檢閱相關文獻後發現，傳統論述國家與社會互動關係之途徑大致可分為社會中心論與國家中心論，而社會中心論又以多元主義為核心，國家中心論則以統合主義為核心。然隨著國家事務之日益繁雜與多樣化，政策問題似已無法藉由傳統多元主義或統合主義之單一模式來獲得有效的解決。相對地，強調不同行動者之間為遂行其目的，透過具策略性與複雜性的互賴互動過程而作成公共政策之政策網絡概念應聲而起，儼然成為多元主義與統合主義之外，研究國家與社會在決策過程中互動關係之另一途徑。因此，筆者在從事我國美濃水庫興建政策之研究時，則試圖以新興之政策網絡概念取代傳統論述，從不同角度觀點來進行分析。 在章節安排上，本論文共分五章，茲將其內容簡述如下： 第一章：緒論 說明本文研究的動機、目的、問題、方法及限制。 第二章：政策網絡之文獻探討 主要係探討政策網絡概念之緣起、理論基礎、意涵與類型，以明政策網絡概念之輪廓。並對政策網絡相關之實務應用文獻作一檢視與批判，以建構出適於美濃水庫興建政策研究之分析架構。 第三章：美濃水庫興建政策網絡之系絡分析 主要係介紹美濃水庫興建政策網絡產生之歷史背景以及政治、經濟、社會與其他相關環境因素對該政策網絡之影響。同時從政治資源、利益需求與價值規範等面向來探討相關參與者之意識型態與信念系統，以瞭解其涉入決策的理由及所持立場之論據，進而分析該政策之爭議所在。 第四章：美濃水庫興建政策網絡之互動分析 主要係將美濃水庫興建政策發展過程劃分為政策潛伏期、政策發展期、政策合法化時期及政策後續發展期等四期，逐一探討政策網絡中相關參與者之間的互動情形，以瞭解美濃水庫興建政策網絡之互動模式。 第五章：結論 最後總結全文，分別說政策網絡概念與美濃水庫興建政策提出個人若干研究發現、建議及未來研究展望。

《金瓶梅》為中國四大奇書之一，廣泛而深入地描寫人們對財色的欲求，透過其中所程現之人情事理的普遍性，可以體會人生的道理。如今，《金瓶梅》一書普行於世，已有多種版本而張竹坡評本《金瓶梅》對於中國內外流傳貢獻最大。本文旨在了解張竹坡利用評點形式分析《金瓶梅》時，是如何認識「小說」和「人生」的，試圖再詮釋張竹坡的小說觀和人生觀，希望藉由研究張批《金瓶梅》，得以更了解「小說」之本質，並且從而體會人生的道理。全文共分六章。第壹章緒論，概述研究旨趣、文獻檢討及使用版本。第貳章則從小說評點的發達情況、《金瓶梅》問世以後世人之評述與清初文字獄及禁燬小說等三方面，來探討張批小說理論之形成背景。第參章概述張竹坡生平及其評點《金瓶梅》之版本問題。第肆章探討張竹坡論小說之本質，創作及閱讀態度。第伍章探討張竹坡有關小說的人物，小說的情節結構，小說的主題，小說的語言，小說的細節，小說的環境構設等等的小說理論。第陸章結語，綜論張批小說理論之價值。

《金瓶梅》續書包括《續金瓶梅》、《隔簾花影》、《三續金瓶梅》以及《金屋夢》四部小說，它們雖是依據續衍對象而被收編於同一續書群體之內，但卻各有其回應原著、前作以及時代的姿態，呈現出殊異的面貌，可說是各以不同角度在閱讀、傳播與書寫過程中展開對創作、批評的思辯。而本文即是針對此批橫跨有清一代的《金瓶梅》續書群進行個別的書寫現象考察，指出小說續書因立足於原著以及其他續書之上，在回應原著之餘，也與先前的續書有所聯繫，閱讀前作所可能產生的競爭／遊戲心態，使小說的字裡行間除了反映其時的審美效應之外，亦不時地顯露出高度自覺的創作、思考痕跡，具有「後設」的況味，而此正是本文聚焦之所在。 在章節安排上，第二章是以清初丁耀亢的《續金瓶梅》為對象，由於其體例特殊，又具鮮明的易代色彩，故此章由丁耀亢的創作意識及文類意識切入，從創作者的多重身分與視角、情節正文與邊緣文字，乃至於結合當時的社會、歷史背景以觀，以一種主、客體間交互作用的觀照來詮解《續金瓶梅》的書寫現象，把握其文本特質與後設思維。第三章則以傳播、接受的角度切入，分析據《續金瓶梅》增刪而成的兩部續書——《隔簾花影》及《金屋夢》，由增刪的內容來尋索在清初以及清末民初這兩個截然不同時空下，刪改本對原著和之前續書的接受，探求隱藏在增刪背後的意味，及其與原著、之前續書間糾葛牽纏的關係。 第四章主要是探討清中葉的《三續金瓶梅》，以此書的別名《小補奇酸誌》所透露的「小補」、「奇酸」作為思索進路，首先是在續衍的脈絡下檢視作者「如何補」《金瓶梅》，亦即如何將其對前作的理解轉化為續衍的策略，造就一種與之既相關又相悖的微妙狀態；其次是從閱讀與接受版本看《三續金瓶梅》的思想涵化；最後則是在前述的基礎上，釐清文中的互文、解構……等現象。第五章為結論，總述以上幾部《金瓶梅》續書的書寫現象，並提出本論文的觀察：《金瓶梅》續書的後設思維表現為若干相似但卻又不盡相同的書寫現象，「後設」並非意味這批續書具有的單一的、本質性的定義，而是揭示它們總是朝向無限的可能性展開，無法自我封閉，但是又具有彼此關涉、連繫的特質。 / Although all the four sequels to Jin Ping Mei, including Xu Jin Ping Mei, Ge Lian Hua Ying, San Xu Jin Ping Mei, and Jin Wu Meng, are based on the same original, Jin Ping Mei, and belong to the same category, each has its different concerns in the aspects of echoing the original, echoing the previous works and echoing its time. In other words, the four sequels start distinct arguments on creating and criticizing through reading, disseminating, and the process of writing. This thesis observes individually the writing phenomenon of sequels to Jin Ping Mei, which flourished in Qing Dynasty, and argues that the sequels standing beyond the original and other sequels not only echo the original, but also connect other previous sequels. Thus, the competing/playing response might be caused by reading the previous works makes the lines respond the sense of beauty of its time, and simultaneously appears the highly consciousness of writing and thinking. The meta-discourse it contains in the process is what this thesis focuses on. Chapter 2 discusses Ding Yao Kang’s Xu Jin Ping Mei due to its special format and its obvious color of dynastic changeover. From Ding Yao Kang’s consciousness of writing and genre, this chapter interprets this writing phenomenon of meta-discourse with the subject/object relationship from the writer’s multi-identity, from the text and the preface and postscript to the social context and historical background. Chapter 3 analyzes other two sequels, Ge Lian Hua Ying and Jin Wu Meng, based on and with additions and deletions of Xu Jin Ping Mei, from the perspectives of dissemination and reception. The additions and deletions shows the different receptions in early Qing dynasty and in the end of Qing, and also, the interwoven relationship implied in the additions and deletions, the original, and the previous sequels can be found. Chapter 4 first observes San Xu Jin Ping Mei in mid-Qing dynasty from its alias Xiao Bu Qi Suan Zh. Its “Xiao Bu” and “Qi Suan” offers to examine how the writer mends Jin Ping Mei through the way of making sequels, that is, it offers to examine how to transfer the understanding of previous works into a policy of sequels, and it achieves a contradictious state of being relevant and being opposite. Second, how San Xu Jin Ping Mei is influenced by reading and reception would be observed. Finally, the intercontextuality and deconstruction would be indicated based on the aforementioned arguments. Chapter 5 concludes that the meta-discourses presented in the writing phenomena of the four sequels of Jin Ping Mei presented are equivalent but not exactly the same. The meta-discourse does not confine the definition to be unitary and essential; rather, it illuminates their unlimited possibility of extension, which is not completely independent but interweaves to one another.

Submitted by Franciele Moreira (francielemoreyra@gmail.com) on 2018-06-04T15:34:19Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Luana Pontes Tondolo - 2018.pdf: 3377781 bytes, checksum: 8f74d3a6aebe5be30075641ed86f9b17 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-06-05T10:38:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Luana Pontes Tondolo - 2018.pdf: 3377781 bytes, checksum: 8f74d3a6aebe5be30075641ed86f9b17 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-05T10:38:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Luana Pontes Tondolo - 2018.pdf: 3377781 bytes, checksum: 8f74d3a6aebe5be30075641ed86f9b17 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-26 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG / This paper aims to analyze the results of the MEI public policy on low-income entrepreneurs. It is an exploratory and descriptive study of qualitative nature. A single case study strategy was adopted: the city of Silvânia. It was called upon interviews with semi structured scripts in two groups: entrepreneurs and local policy actors, and, in addition, documents as data resource. A content analysis was conducted through the software NVivo. The results show that, altogether, entrepreneurs had an informal business before formalizing, and had benefits resulted from the accession to the MEI policy, such as new market access, better relations with suppliers, income improvement, citizenship and social security. It is possible to conclude that the objectives of the policy that made MEI possible, such as the entrepreneurs’ formalization, social inclusion and social protection are being achieved. The MEI is providing positive impact on entrepreneurs, businesses and the region. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar os resultados da política do MEI para os empreendedores de baixa renda. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória e descritiva de natureza qualitativa. Adotou-se a estratégia de estudo de caso único, o município de Silvânia. Recorreu-se a entrevistas com roteiros semiestruturados em dois grupos: empreendedores e atores locais da política, e a documentação como fonte de dados. Para a análise dos dados, foi realizada análise de conteúdo e adotado o software NVivo para suporte à condução da análise. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que no geral, os empreendedores tinham um negócio informal antes da formalização e tiveram como benefícios pela adesão ao MEI, acesso a novos mercados, melhora da relação com fornecedores, melhora na renda, cidadania, e os benefícios da previdência social. É possível concluir que os objetivos da política que criou o MEI, qual sejam, a formalização dos empreendedores, a inclusão social e a proteção previdenciária estão sendo alcançados. O MEI está proporcionando impactos positivos nos empreendedores, no negócio e na região.

Cultural heritage has become a significant part of the cultural economy. Often criticized for its top down approach led by experts, and reflecting a western, elite class interpretation of heritage, the cultural heritage management industry has been trying to place the people at the centre of heritage conservation practices over recent years. This change of paradigm is, in part, due to the recognition of heritage as a significant aspect of everyday life, as well as a fluid yet undeniable attribute of identity and sense of place. In Hong Kong, a fast changing and transient city, the need for heritage conservation has only been recently fully acknowledged. In 2007, the authorities launched a new public-private partnership, known as the Revitalisation Scheme. Mei Ho House was integrated in the first batch of the scheme as the last remain of the first generation of public housing in Hong Kong. The building was transformed into a youth hostel with a museum displaying people's life in the post-war public housing estates. The present thesis investigates this seemingly successful conservation project on the premise that heritage is a dialogue between the material world and the individual. It discusses the legal and cultural context of heritage conservation in Hong Kong, and explores the meaning of vernacular architecture in Hong Kong and the discourse suggested by the museum. The visitors' response is also scrutinized as a significant part in the heritage-making process.

劉一蓉. / "2001年8月" / 書名中的[ma], 字形為: '女'在左, '麻'在右. / 論文 (哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2001. / 參考文獻 (leaves 150-159) / 附中英文摘要. / "2001 nian 8 yue" / Shu ming zhong de [ma], zi xing wei: 'nü' zai zuo, 'ma' zai you. / Liu Yirong. / Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2001. / Can kao wen xian (leaves 150-159) / Fu Zhong Ying wen zhai yao. / Chapter 第一章、 --- 導論 --- p.1 / Chapter 一、 --- 硏究對象 --- p.1 / Chapter 二、 --- 中國社會中女性地位與角色的相關學術研究 --- p.3 / Chapter 三、 --- 硏究動機與問題 --- p.12 / Chapter 四、 --- 硏究方法 --- p.14 / Chapter 五、 --- 硏究的重要性 --- p.18 / Chapter 六、 --- 論文結構 --- p.22 / Chapter 第二章、 --- 丙雁地區的地理、社會、經濟與宗教背景 --- p.24 / Chapter 一、 --- 地理、社會與經濟環境 --- p.24 / Chapter 二、 --- 梅縣地區的宗教背景 --- p.29 / Chapter 第三章、 --- 中國歷史上的女性宗教人員 --- p.34 / Chapter 一、 --- 巫（丙雁地區稱仙姑¯±ø） --- p.34 / Chapter 二、 --- 道姑 --- p.39 / Chapter 三、 --- 比丘尼(丙雁地區稱爲尼姑） --- p.41 / Chapter 四、 --- 齋婆（又可稱女教主） --- p.44 / Chapter 第四章、 --- 齋¯±ø的宗教生活 --- p.47 / Chapter 一、 --- 成爲齋¯±ø的原因一貧窮的家境與卑下的地位 --- p.48 / Chapter 二、 --- 齋¯±ø的生活一弱勢與優勢、神聖與世俗 --- p.50 / Chapter 三、 --- 齋¯±ø的人際網絡 --- p.62 / Chapter 第五章、 --- 齋¯±ø的廟宇與神明 --- p.72 / Chapter 一、 --- 齋¯±ø嶋 --- p.73 / Chapter 二、 --- 齋¯±ø的神明 --- p.80 / Chapter 第六章、 --- 齋¯±ø的宗教活動與經典 --- p.93 / Chapter 一、 --- 齋¯±ø日常的宗教修習活動 --- p.98 / Chapter 二、 --- 公開性宗教活動 --- p.100 / Chapter 第七章、 --- 齋¯±ø的社會技能 --- p.123 / Chapter 一、 --- 「必須」與「非必須」舉行的宗教活動 --- p.125 / Chapter 二、 --- 宗教活動舉行的因素 --- p.126 / Chapter 三、 --- 齋¯±ø的社會技能 --- p.129 / Chapter 第八章、 --- 結論 --- p.134 / 附錄 --- p.139 / 參考書目 --- p.150