Submitted by Clebson Anjos (clebson.leandro54@gmail.com) on 2016-02-23T19:30:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 45551122 bytes, checksum: fb43a0dbaa9ea2f75747bd4741329396 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-23T19:30:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 45551122 bytes, checksum: fb43a0dbaa9ea2f75747bd4741329396 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The research brings some previous movies of the Danish filmmaker that keep a relation with the aesthetic atmosphere and extra-filmic performance embraced, and, through an approach about the stylistic, mythical and performatic language, makes a poetic essay on the theme. The present study establishes reflections on the technical resources (photography, color temperatures, edition) as well as about the mise en scène that the filmmaker uses to narrate such apocalyptic plot. This imagery speech was an instrument to work with issues related to finitude, the cosmogony, the melancholy and the imaginary. The dissertation also analyzes the performative role of the author and how this content can influence the viewer’s fruition, it also considerates how this process - before the press - functions as a crucial element of insertion of Danish cinema in the international market, specifically the production company founded by Trier and Peter Aalbeak, the Zentropa.The main theoretical support to deal with authorship, extra film and contemporary melancholy are: Michel Foucault, Mikhail Bahktin and Maria Rita Kehl and to understand the archetypes and the filmic aesthetics in the narrative: Carl Jung, Gilbert Durand, David Bordwell, Jack Stevenson Giorgio Agamben and Arthur Schopenhauer. / A dissertação visa investigar a abordagem fílmica do fim dos tempos em Melancholia (2011) de Lars Von Trier e a performance midiática do diretor no contexto extra-filme de divulgação da obra. A pesquisa revisa algumas narrativas anteriores do cineasta dinamarquês que dialogam com a atmosfera estética e a encenação extra-fílmica abarcadas, e, através de uma abordagem quanto à linguagem estilístca, mítica e performática, traz um desdobramento ensaístico acerca da temática. No presente estudo são instauradas reflexões quanto aos recursos técnicos (fotografia, temperaturas de cor, montagem), assim como, acerca da mise en scène que o cineasta se utiliza para narrar tal enredo apocalíptico. A partir desse discurso imagético se parte para tratar de questões relativas à finitude, à cosmogonia, à melancolia e ao imaginário. O trabalho ainda analisa a atuação performática do autor e como esse conteúdo pode influenciar a fruição do espectador, além de considerar como esse processo perante a imprensa funciona como um elemento crucial de inserção do cinema dinamarquês no mercado internacional, especificamente da produtora fundada por Trier e Peter Aalbeak, a Zentropa. Os principais suportes teóricos para tratar de autoria, extra-filme e melancolia contemporânea são: Michel Foucault, Mikhail Bahktin e Maria Rita Kehl e para entender os arquétipos e a estética fílmica presentes na narrativa: Carl Jung, Gilbert Durand, David Bordwell, Jack Stevenson, Giorgio Agamben e Arthur Schopenhauer.

Pierre Loti est encore considéré par bien des lecteurs comme désuet, voire complètement démodé. Or le démodé est en réalité une caractéristique essentielle de l’homme et de son style. Cette étude démontre que le temps est une clef de lecture fondamentale pour aborder l’œuvre de Loti et comprendre une esthétique qui trahit sa relation au monde, plus temporelle que géographique. Loti n’est rien moins qu’obsédé par le temps, par un temps qui engendre inexorablement la perte – une perte tout à fait ambivalente puisqu’elle est positive dans sa négativité, désirée comme redoutée. Le passé est rassurant parce qu’intangible. Cette recherche explore l’enfance de Loti comme souvenir rétrospectif, construction littéraire et création d’un mythe personnel. L’enfance est le paradis perdu que Loti regrettera toujours avec une profonde mélancolie, tandis que ses voyages ultérieurs formeront une recherche d’Éden, mais d’un Éden qui apparaît toujours déjà en ruine. L’essai propose aussi une analyse de l’élaboration d’une identité hétéronymique : c’est par les pouvoirs de la littérature, du transvestissement, du divertissement nocturne et des scénographies du moi que Julien Viaud devient Pierre Loti. Ce nouveau soi, concourant et non concurrent de l’autre, doit être vu comme une construction comblant les pertes de sa propre vie. De manière similaire, la mort de son frère aîné détermine sa recherche d’une mâle altérité, tant fictive que réelle, tout comme elle innerve son œuvre de nouvelles disparitions qui rejouent l’originelle. L’étude analyse également la mise en scène de l’échec dans différents romans de l’auteur, la mort des héros amenant à une démonstration de la fascination de Loti pour la mort. Enfin, l’œuvre de Loti est passée au crible de la mélancolie de son regard, de la nostalgie de son écriture et de la fadeur de son style, dans le but de révéler l’ampleur de sa prédilection pour le passé, toujours préféré au présent ou à l’avenir. Et cela parce que le passé, même chimérique, est le seul refuge contre la vanité de l’existence. / Pierre Loti is still considered by most readers as old-fashioned. But being old-fashioned, or even moreout-of-fashion is an essential characteristic of Loti’s mind and stylistics. This study aims at showing how time isa fundamental key in reading Pierre Loti’s books and in understanding his aesthetics, which betray his rathertemporal than geographic relationship to the world. Loti is not less than obsessed by time: time goes by in apermanent flow that generates loss – an ambivalent loss which is both positive and negative, desired and feared.The past is comforting because intangible. This research explores Loti’s childhood as a retrospective memory, aliterary construction and a mythologizing of self. Childhood is a paradise lost which Loti will always regret witha deep melancholy as his own travels can be seen later on as a quest for Eden, but for an Eden that will alwaysappear already ruined. Then, the essay suggests an analysis of the construction of a heteronymic identity: JulienViaud becomes Pierre Loti by the powers of literature, travesty, parties’ entertainment and scenographies of theself. This other self, completing, not competing with the other one, can be considered as a construction fulfillingthe losses of his own life. In the same manner, the death of his older brother determines his search of fictive andreal manly otherness, as well as it innervates his work with further disappearances replaying the original one.Therefore, the essay highlights the staging of failure in different novels of the author, the death of heroes leading to an explanation of Loti’s fascination for death. At last, Loti’s work is being looked over through thecriteria of melancholy of sight, nostalgia of writing and blandness of stylistics, in order to unveil the width of hisfondness for things past, always preferred to the present ones, or to events to come. An this because the past –even if chimerical – is Loti’s only refuge against his feeling of the vanity of life.