Submitted by Rosangela Silva (rosangela.silva3@unioeste.br) on 2018-05-14T14:55:58Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Suelen Eloise Simoni.pdf: 965660 bytes, checksum: 4e663d56433a3c0d625376f602d694d5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-14T14:55:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Suelen Eloise Simoni.pdf: 965660 bytes, checksum: 4e663d56433a3c0d625376f602d694d5 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-09 / The development of new technologies for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) multi matrix, becomes increasingly important because they are alternatives in unsuccessful treatments or even influence adaptation to a simpler dosing regimen. However, there is no clear conclusion as to its superiority or efficacy in modified release coated tablets, which are applied in clinical treatment protocols, nor on their safety and tolerability. For this reason, the objective of this dissertation was to perform a systematic review, searching through predefined keywords in database (Pubmed, Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science and Clinical Trials) and also by research manual, from March 2016 to December 2017, studies comparing matrix technology with delayed release coated tablets in order to gather evidence that showed the equivalence or superiority of efficacy of this formulation in the parameters of clinical and endoscopic remission in patients suffering from of ulcerative colitis. In all, three studies fit into the inclusion criteria and were added to this study, all of them being a multicenter, double-blind, randomized methodological design, with matrix tablet concentrations varying from 1.2 g to 4.8 g daily, while the dose range of the coated tablets ranged from 800 mg to 2.4 g divided in two to three administrations daily. In summary, the efficacy of the two dosage forms is extremely similar in endoscopic remission parameters, however, when clinical remission is considered, the results indicate that better indices are achieved in the use of matrix technology, regardless of the concentration used. / O desenvolvimento de novas tecnologias para o tratamento de doenças inflamatórias intestinais, como o ácido 5-aminossalicílico (5-ASA) em sua forma matricial torna-se cada vez mais importante, porque surgem como alternativas em tratamentos sem sucesso ou ainda, influenciam na adaptação a um esquema posológico mais simples. No entanto, não se tem uma conclusão clara sobre a sua superioridade ou equiparação de eficácia aos comprimidos revestidos de liberação modificada, os quais são aplicados em protocolos clínicos de tratamento, nem tampouco sobre a sua segurança e tolerabilidade. Por essa razão, o objetivo dessa dissertação foi realizar uma revisão sistemática, buscando-se através de palavras-chave pré-definidas em base de dados (Pubmed, Science Direct, Embase, Scopus, Web Of Science e Clinical Trials) e também por pesquisa manual, de março de 2016 a dezembro de 2017, trabalhos que comparassem a tecnologia matricial com comprimidos revestidos de liberação retardada, a fim de reunir evidências que demonstrassem a equiparação ou superioridade de eficácia dessa formulação nos parâmetros de remissão clínica e endoscópica nos pacientes que sofrem de colite ulcerativa. No total, três estudos se enquadraram nos critérios de inclusão e foram adicionados a esse trabalho, sendo todos eles de desenho metodológico multicêntrico, duplo-cego e randomizado, tendo as concentrações dos comprimidos matriciais variando de 1,2 g a 4,8 g diários, enquanto que a variação das doses dos comprimidos revestidos variou de 800 mg a 2,4 g divididos em duas a três administrações diárias. Em síntese, a eficácia das duas formas farmacêuticas mostra-se extremamente semelhante nos parâmetros de remissão endoscópica, no entanto, quando se considera a remissão clínica os resultados apontam que melhores índices são alcançados na utilização da tecnologia matricial, independente da concentração utilizada do medicamento.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-04-28T15:21:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 karineandradeoliveirazanini.pdf: 564422 bytes, checksum: 95992f692adb8715af66d371f3987b2f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-05-02T01:12:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 karineandradeoliveirazanini.pdf: 564422 bytes, checksum: 95992f692adb8715af66d371f3987b2f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-02T01:12:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 karineandradeoliveirazanini.pdf: 564422 bytes, checksum: 95992f692adb8715af66d371f3987b2f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-04 / Introdução: Apesar dos avanços recentes no tratamento de pacientes com doença de Crohn (DC), os sintomas oclusivos e suboclusivos observados na presença de estenoses clinicamente significativas permanecem um problema clínico desafiador. Na DC, a identificação de fatores que se associam à redução do risco de cirurgia é importante. Materiais e Métodos: Neste estudo retrospectivo, avaliamos os possíveis fatores preditivos, incluindo os marcadores inflamatórios associados à redução da necessidade de intervenção cirúrgica em pacientes com DC que apresentaram o primeiro episódio de suboclusão intestinal clinicamente resolvido e tratados, subsequentemente, com azatioprina (AZA) durante três anos. Resultados: Trinta e seis pacientes com DC suboclusiva foram incluídos, dos quais, 24 não necessitaram de ressecção intestinal. Nenhum dado demográfico ou clínico associou-se com a resposta à AZA. Apenas a proteína C reativa (PCR) apresentou correlação com a eficácia da AZA. Para cada aumento de 1 mg na PCR, houve uma redução do risco de cirurgia em 8% (RR 0,92; IC 0,86-0,98; p=0,008). O grupo PCR>6 (elevada) apresentou 81% de redução de risco de cirurgia em relação ao grupo PCR<6 (OR 0,19 IC 0,05-0,64; p=0,008). Conclusões: Os pacientes que apresentaram PCR elevada tiveram uma menor taxa de cirurgia a médio e longo prazos durante a terapia com AZA. A PCR pode identificar pacientes com estenoses predominantemente inflamatórias e responsivas ao tratamento clínico. / Background: Despite recent advances in the treatment of patients with Crohn's disease (CD), occlusive and subocclusive symptoms observed in the presence of clinically significant stenosis remains a challenging clinical problem. In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), the identification of factors associated with reduced risk of surgery in this context is important. Materials and methods: In this retrospective study, we evaluated the possible predictive factors, including inflammatory markers associated with reduced need for surgical intervention in patients with CD who presented the first episode of clinically solved subocclusion and treated subsequently with azathioprine (AZA) for three years. Results: Thirty-six patients with subocclusive CD were included, of these, 24 has not required bowel resection. No demographic or clinical data associated with the response to AZA. Only C reactive protein (CRP) was correlated with the effectiveness of AZA. For each increase of 1 mg CRP, there was a reduction of surgery risk in 8% (RR 0.92, CI 0.86-0.98; P = 0.008). The CRP group> 6 (elevated) had 81% of surgery risk reduction compared to PCR group <6 (OR 0.19 CI 0.05-0.64; P = 0.008). Conclusions: Patients with elevated CRP has a lower rate of surgery in the medium and long term during therapy with AZA. CRP can identify patients with inflammatory stenosis and responsive to clinical treatment.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-05-06T19:06:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciosilvadesouza.pdf: 303622 bytes, checksum: 139fcd6cbe1e2b7218e5e48cff0864ba (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-06-08T14:41:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciosilvadesouza.pdf: 303622 bytes, checksum: 139fcd6cbe1e2b7218e5e48cff0864ba (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-08T14:41:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 glauciosilvadesouza.pdf: 303622 bytes, checksum: 139fcd6cbe1e2b7218e5e48cff0864ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-27 / As taxas de hospitalização e de cirurgia são consideradas marcadores de agressividade da Doença de Crohn (DC). Os custos do tratamento da DC variam consideravelmente entre os pacientes, mas as hospitalizações, incluindo aquelas em que houve cirurgia, representam um maior impacto nos custos do tratamento da doença. Reduzir a taxa de hospitalização e cirurgia são pontos cruciais na redução dos custos do tratamento da doença. Foram avaliados os efeitos da azatioprina (AZA) comparado com os da mesalazina (MSZ) na incidência de hospitalização por todas as causas ou hospitalização relacionada a cirurgia. Foram analisados 72 pacientes com DC ileocecal sub-oclusiva que responderam ao tratamento clínico inicial. Os pacientes foram então randomizados em 2 grupos de tratamento AZA (2-3 mg/Kg dia) ou MSZ (3,2g/dia) por um período de 3 anos. As a taxa de hospitalização por todas as causas e de hospitalização relacionada a cirurgia foram observadas e comparadas entre os grupos. Também foi analisada a taxa de internação por paciente, o tempo de hospitalização e o intervalo até a primeira hospitalização. As variáveis demográficas foram similares nos grupos AZA e MSZ. A proporção de pacientes hospitalizados em 36 meses por todas as causas foi menor nos pacientes tratados com AZA, comparado àqueles que receberam MSZ (0,39 vs. 0,83, respectivamente; p=0,001). O grupo AZA também teve menor incidência de hospitalizações cirúrgicas (0,25 vs. 0,56, respectivamente; p = 0,011). O número de admissões por pacientes (0,7 vs.1,41, p=0,001) e o tempo de internação (3,8 vs.7,7 dias; p=0,002) também foram menores no grupo AZA. O intervalo até a primeira hospitalização no grupo AZA foi maior que aquele do grupo MSZ (27 vs. 17,9 meses, respectivamente; p=0,001). Pacientes com DC ileocecal sub-oclusiva tratados com AZA tiveram menor taxa de hospitalização por todas as causas e hospitalizações com cirurgia quando comparados a pacientes que receberam tratamento com MSZ num período de 3 anos. O uso prolongado de AZA na DC ileocecal em pacientes sub-ocluidos pode reduzir os custos do tratamento da doença. / Hospitalization and surgery are considered to be hallmarks of more aggressive behavior in Crohn’s disease (CD). Although the cost of CD treatment differs considerably, it is remarkable that hospitalization costs, including surgery, comprise the biggest amount of the total treatment cost. Decreasing hospitalization and surgery rates is of pivotal importance to reduce the health-care costs in this clinical setting. We evaluated the effect of azathioprine (AZA) when compared with mesalazine (MSZ) on incidence of hospitalizations due to all-causes and for CD-related surgical procedures. In this controlled, randomized study 72 subjects with sub-occlusive ileocecal CD were randomized for AZA (2-3 mg/kg per day) or MSZ (3.2 g per day) therapy during a 3-year period. The primary end point was the hospitalization rate due to all-causes as well as for surgical procedures during this period evaluated between the groups. The secondary outcomes were the total inpatient admission number, the length of hospitalization and the time interval until first hospitalization. Patients treated with AZA or MSZ were comparable according to demographics and disease characteristics. On an intention-to-treat basis, the proportion of patients hospitalized on 36 months due to all-causes was lower in patients treated with AZA when compared to those on MSZ (0.39 vs. 0.83, respectively; p=0.035). The AZA group had also significantly lower rates of hospitalization for surgical intervention (0.25 vs. 0.56, respectively; p=0.011). The number of admissions (0.70 vs. 1.41, p=0.001) and the length of hospitalization (3.8 vs. 7.7 days; p=0.002) were both lower in AZA-patients. The time interval until first hospitalization in AZA-group was significantly higher than in those on MSZ (27 vs. 17.9 months, respectively; p=0.001). Patients with sub-occlusive ileocecal CD treated with AZA had lower hospitalization rates due to all-causes and for surgical management of CD when compared to those treated with MSZ in a 3-years period. The long term use of AZA in ileocecal CD patients recovering from a sub-occlusion episode can save health-care cost.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-01-21T13:29:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandomendoncavidigal.pdf: 1080288 bytes, checksum: 1512d97ed552f3d14c85e421c3f6c0b9 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-01-25T18:45:58Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandomendoncavidigal.pdf: 1080288 bytes, checksum: 1512d97ed552f3d14c85e421c3f6c0b9 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-25T18:45:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 fernandomendoncavidigal.pdf: 1080288 bytes, checksum: 1512d97ed552f3d14c85e421c3f6c0b9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-12 / Introdução: Pacientes com Doença de Crohn (DC) suboclusiva que receberam tratamento com azatioprina (AZA) tiveram menores taxas de re-hospitalização devido a todas as causas e para tratamento operatório da DC quando comparados àqueles tratados com mesalazina durante um período de três anos. Nós investigamos se a AZA também foi efetiva para a prevenção da obstrução intestinal recorrente. Material e Métodos: Taxas de obstrução intestinal recorrente foram comparadas entre pacientes tratados com AZA e aqueles tratados com mesalazina. Nós avaliamos o intervalo de tempo livre de obstrução intestinal assim como a sobrevida livre de oclusão para ambos os grupos. Resultados: Houve uma taxa cumulativa significativamente mais baixa de pacientes com suboclusão recorrente no grupo da AZA (43,8%) comparado ao grupo da mesalazina (79,4%; OR 3,34, 95% IC 1,67-8,6; p = 0,003) com o número necessário para prevenir um episódio de suboclusão de 3,7 a favor da AZA. O intervalo de tempo livre de oclusão foi maior no grupo da AZA comparado ao grupo da mesalazina (28,8 vs. 18,3 meses, p = 0,000). A sobrevida livre de oclusão aos 12, 24 e 36 meses foi significativamente maior no grupo da AZA (91%, 81%, e 72%, respectivamente) do que no grupo da mesalazina (64,7%, 35,3%, e 23,5%, respectivamente; p < 0.05 para todas as comparações). Conclusão: Em uma análise exploratória de pacientes com DC ileocecal suboclusiva, a terapia de manutenção com AZA é mais efetiva que a mesalazina para evitar ou postergar a obstrução intestinal recorrente durante um período de três anos de tratamento. / Background: Patients with subocclusive Crohn’s disease (CD) who received azathioprine (AZA) therapy had lower re-hospitalization rates due to all causes and for surgical management of CD compared to those treated with mesalazine during a 3-year period. We investigated whether AZA also was effective for prevention of recurrent bowel obstruction. Material and Methods: Rates of recurrent bowel occlusion were compared between patients treated with AZA and those treated with mesalazine. We assessed the time interval-off intestinal obstruction as well as the occlusion-free survival for both groups. Results: There was a significantly lower cumulative rate of patients with recurrent subocclusion in the AZA group (43.8%) compared with the mesalazine group (79.4%; OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.67-8.6; P= 0.003) with a number needed to treat in order to prevent one subocclusion episode of 3.7 favoring AZA. The occlusion-free time interval was longer in AZA compared with the mesalazine group (28.8 vs. 18.3 months; P=0.000).The occlusion-free survival at 12, 24, and 36 months was significantly higher in the AZA group (91%, 81%, and 72%, respectively) than in the mesalazine arm (64.7%, 35.3%, and 23.5%, respectively; P<0.05 for all comparisons). Conclusions: In an exploratory analysis of patients with subocclusive ileocecal CD maintenance therapy with AZA is more effective than mesalazine for eliminating or postponing recurrent intestinal obstruction through 3 years of therapy.

IN ENGLISH Drug dependency in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a specific disease phenotype which determines disease prognosis and hence may be used as a prognostic marker for treatment management. Drug dependency in IBD has been well described in corticosteroid treatment and recently also in infliximab (IFX) therapy. The aims of this thesis were: 1) to assess the occurrence of IFX dependency in paediatric and adult patients with CD; further to search for clinical and genetic predictors of IFX outcome and to evaluate the impact of IFX dependency on surgical rate; 2) to assess in CD patients the outcome of the first course of 5-ASA monotherapy with emphasis on 5-ASA dependency and to define clinical predictors of 5-ASA treatment outcome. We found that 66% of children and 29% of adults with CD became IFX dependent. The high frequency in paediatrics is in agreement with previously published studies, while the finding in adult patients indicates a lower rate of IFX dependency in the only study to date. Perianal disease and no bowel surgery prior to IFX start were predicative of IFX dependency in paediatric patients. In adult cohort, 2 genetic variants LTA c.207 A>G and CASP9 c.93 C>T were associated with IFX outcome, whereas no relevant clinical...

IN ENGLISH Drug dependency in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), is a specific disease phenotype which determines disease prognosis and hence may be used as a prognostic marker for treatment management. Drug dependency in IBD has been well described in corticosteroid treatment and recently also in infliximab (IFX) therapy. The aims of this thesis were: 1) to assess the occurrence of IFX dependency in paediatric and adult patients with CD; further to search for clinical and genetic predictors of IFX outcome and to evaluate the impact of IFX dependency on surgical rate; 2) to assess in CD patients the outcome of the first course of 5-ASA monotherapy with emphasis on 5-ASA dependency and to define clinical predictors of 5-ASA treatment outcome. We found that 66% of children and 29% of adults with CD became IFX dependent. The high frequency in paediatrics is in agreement with previously published studies, while the finding in adult patients indicates a lower rate of IFX dependency in the only study to date. Perianal disease and no bowel surgery prior to IFX start were predicative of IFX dependency in paediatric patients. In adult cohort, 2 genetic variants LTA c.207 A>G and CASP9 c.93 C>T were associated with IFX outcome, whereas no relevant clinical...

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:16:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AcariliaES_Dissert_01.pdf: 1640327 bytes, checksum: 9c4568aff953d538d26000691eb0407d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-10 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico / Colon-specific drug delivery systems have attracted increasing attention from the pharmaceutical industry due to their ability of treating intestinal bowel diseases (IBD), which represent a public health problem in several countries. In spite of being considered a quite effective molecule for the treatment of IBD, mesalazine (5-ASA) is rapidly absorbed in the upper gastrointestinal tract and its systemic absorption leads to risks of adverse effects. The aim of this work was to develop a microparticulate system based on xylan and Eudragit? S- 100 (ES100) for colon-specific delivery of 5-ASA and evaluate the interaction between the polymers present in the systems. Additionaly, the physicochemical and rheological properties of xylan were also evaluated. Initially, xylan was extracted from corn cobs and characterized regarding the yield and rheological properties. Afterwards, 10 formulations were prepared in different xylan and ES100 weight ratios by spray-drying the polymer solutions in 0.6N NaOH and phosphate buffer pH 7.4. In addition, 3 formulations consisting of xylan microcapsules were produced by interfacial cross-linking polymerization and coated by ES100 by means of spray-drying in different polymer weight ratios of xylan and ES100. The microparticles were characterized regarding yield, morphology, homogeneity, visual aspect, crystallinity and thermal behavior. The polymer interaction was investigated by infrared spectroscopy. The extracted xylan was presented as a very fine and yellowish powder, with mean particle size smaller than 40&#956;m. Regarding the rheological properties of xylan, they demonstrated that this polymer has a poor flow, low density and high cohesiveness. The microparticles obtained were shown to be spherical and aggregates could not be observed. They were found to present amorphous structure and have a very high thermal stability. The yield varied according to the polymer ratios. Moreover, it was confirmed that the interaction between xylan and ES100 occurs only by means of physical aggregation / Sistemas c?lon-espec?ficos t?m atra?do o interesse da ind?stria farmac?utica devido ? possibilidade de tratarem enfermidades, como as doen?as inflamat?rias intestinais (DII), que compreendem um problema de sa?de p?blica em muitos pa?ses. Apesar de ser considerada uma mol?cula bastante eficiente para o tratamento das DII, a mesalazina (5-ASA) ? rapidamente absorvida no trato gastrintestinal superior e sua absor??o sist?mica leva ? incid?ncia de s?rios efeitos adversos. Este trabalho teve como objetivos produzir um sistema polim?rico microparticulado ? base de xilana e Eudragit? S-100 (ES100) para libera??o c?lon-espec?fica de 5-ASA e avaliar a intera??o entre os pol?meros constituintes do sistema, al?m de aprofundar a caracteriza??o f?sico-qu?mica e tecnol?gica da xilana. A xilana foi extra?da a partir de sabugos de milho e caracterizada quanto ao rendimento, granulometria, cristalinidade, propriedades reol?gicas e comportamento t?rmico. Em seguida, 10 formula??es contendo 5-ASA foram preparadas em diferentes propor??es de xilana e ES100 atrav?s da secagem por aspers?o das solu??es polim?ricas com NaOH 0,6N ou tamp?o-fosfato pH 7,4, como solvente. Al?m disso, 3 formula??es constitu?das de microc?psulas de xilana produzidas por reticula??o polim?rica interfacial foram revestidas por ES100 atrav?s de secagem por aspers?o em diferentes propor??es polim?ricas e empregando-se NaOH 0,6N ou tamp?o-fosfato pH 7,4, como solvente. As micropart?culas foram avaliadas quanto ao rendimento, morfologia, granulometria, homogeneidade, aspecto visual, cristalinidade e comportamento t?rmico. A intera??o entre os pol?meros foi investigada atrav?s da espectroscopia na regi?o do infravermelho e de an?lises t?rmicas. A xilana extra?da apresentou-se como um p? muito fino, com tamanho m?dio inferior a 40&#956;m, e com colora??o opaca levemente amarelada. A avalia??o das propriedades reol?gicas da xilana permitiram a caracteriza??o desse pol?mero, em seu estado original de p?, como um material de baixa densidade, fluxo restrito e bastante coesivo. Foram obtidas micropart?culas esf?ricas e sem presen?a de agregados, com estrutura amorfa, em sua maior parte, e bastate est?veis a temperaturas elevadas. Al?m disso, confirmou-se que a intera??o entre xilana e ES100 ocorre apenas por agrega??o f?sica