National Department of Sport and Recreation South Africa (SRSA), as outlined in their National Sport and Recreation Plan (NSRP) and the South African White Paper on Sport and Recreation focuses on three pillars namely, 1) an active nation; 2) a winning nation and 3) an enabling environment. The need for sport and recreation facilities is further emphasised in Priority Two of the South African White Paper on Sport and Recreation. This priority focuses specifically on the provision of sport and recreation facilities and states that the challenge in the provision of facilities is not simply about a shortage, but also the location of the facilities as well as the effective management thereof. Local government has the responsibility of providing an enabling environment through the provision of existing sports and recreation facilities and building of new facilities. Effective sport and recreation provision relies on the effective management of these facilities (SRSA, 2012). Facility Managers need various administrative skills in order to operate facilities efficiently and effectively. The coordination of these management principles and standard operating procedures is critical in the effective and efficient management of sport and recreation facilities today. This study presents a first attempt to determine the level of management capacity of sport and recreation facilities by local government in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality in the Department of Sport, Recreation, Arts and Culture. The research question for this study was therefore formulated as: “What is the management capacity of Sport and Recreation Facility Managers in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality?” Based on this particular research question, it was hypothesised that: H0: The management capacity of Sport and Recreation Facility Managers employed in the City of Tshwane is satisfactory/ high. H1: The management capacity of Sport and Recreation Facility Managers employed in the City of Tshwane is unsatisfactory/ low. The aim of the study was to determine a management capacity profile of sport and recreation facilities in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. Specific objectives of the study were to: - Explore and analyse the existing management capacity of Sport and Recreation Facility Managers according to the dimensions of the Capacity Analysis Tool; - Identify potential problem areas in the operations of sport and recreation facilities related to management capacity; and - Formulate recommendations to the appropriate decision makers in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality to create enabling environments for sport and recreation facilities of the local authority under study. Data were gathered by means of a self-administered Capacity Analysis Tool completed by full time Sport and Recreation Facility Managers of the City Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality’s Department of Sport, Recreation, Arts and Culture. A purposive research sample of eight (n=8) was used. The study critically analysed and evaluated the perceptions of the level of management of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and its capacity to manage its sport and recreation facilities. The results are not generalised but specific to the research sample. Effective management and possible ineffectiveness were identified to formulate guidelines for increased management capacity. The research was quantitative in nature and data interpretation and analysis was therefore made by use of tables, graphs and statistics. Results for the study indicated that sport and recreation facilities are geographically decentralised over the five regions in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, namely the South region, the North West region, the North East region, the Central West region and the East region. Part-time, full-time and voluntary staff work at these sport and recreation facilities, all of whom perform different roles and responsibilities and management tasks. An overall collective mean score of x =2.11 (SD=1.34) was recorded for all eight management dimensions of management capacity as evaluated by the Capacity Analysis Tool. These results, therefore, confirms the stated H1 for this study. It is, therefore, concluded that sport and recreation managers at the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality perform below average in the majority of elements over the eight management dimensions of management capacity. This result suggests that sport and recreation facilities are most likely not managed optimally to the benefit of all stakeholders. Recommendations for this research centred around improving those dimensions of management capacity that needed to be improved as they performed below average, which included clearly defined duties and responsibilities of employees guided by policies and a departmental constitution that is agreed upon by all members of the department, hiring of adequate staff and personnel in the right positions, increasing networking and fundraising capacity, revisiting job descriptions, provision of adequate and continuous training, regular maintenance of sport and recreation facilities and hiring of skilled contractors, provision of adequate resources to staff members to perform duties effectively and advocacy of employees and community members. The effective and efficient management of sport and recreation facilities, including a high capacity to manage sport and recreation facilities is essential and therefore, the following aspects are suggested for the undertaking of further research: A three year review of the status of management of sport and recreation facilities in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality could be conducted to determine the management capacity of Sport and Recreation Facility Managers to manage sport and recreation facilities; Investigate the community’s perception of sport and recreation facilities with regard to service delivery and meeting the community’s overall needs for sport and recreation participation and quality of life enhancement; Investigate the management capacity of middle and higher management level employees with regard to sport and recreation facility management in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality; Conduct a comparative study of the management capacity of Sport and Recreation Facility Managers in different municipalities across Gauteng; and Conduct a needs analysis in communities in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality to gather information of what communities need with regard to development of new sport and recreation facilities. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Biokinetics, Sport and Leisure Sciences / MA / Unrestricted

The study focused on City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality situated in Gauteng Province. The study aims to explore the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality process of legalising squatters in relation to social development. A qualitative approach using semi- structured interviews, focus groups, observations and public documents was used to explore the process of legalising of squatters in relation to social development. The researcher, based on the evidence from the respondents, public documents and the discussion of findings, concludes that there is a positive relationship between the process of legalising of squatters in the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality and social development as an approach. The City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality process of legalising squatters is in line with the South African legislations and social policies. The finding will add value to the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality, Department of Human Settlements, Non –governmental and Faith Based Organisations and other sector stakeholders working with informal settlement dwellers in the following ways: a) Helping the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality in the implementation of informal settlement policies and processes; b) Recommendations to policy issues; c) Advancement of knowledge. / Social Work / M. A. (Social Work)

The main purpose of this study was to explore and describe factors that contribute to young refugee girls (aged 15-19 years) to be engaged in intergenerational sexual relationships in the city of Tshwane. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Ten refugee girls were purposively selected using snowballing technique. Powerlessness, increased libido, curiosity, perception of inferior status of the women, attitudes towards assertive women, culture, anonymity, high cost of living, unemployment, poor educational status and residential conditions emerged as the main contributing factors to involvement of young refugee girls in intergenerational sexual relationships. These categories were grouped under three themes namely age, gender inequality and low socio-economic factors. In order to reduce the involvement of young refugee girls in intergenerational sex which increases their risk of HIV infections, the study recommends the initiation and/or improvement of programmes for addressing the three identified themes / Sociology / M.A. (Sociology (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS))

Adolescent suicide and attempted suicide is an unhealthy practice that involves mental illness which led the suicidal behavior to be an important public health problem globally and in Africa. Suicide prevalence rates in young people in South Africa and in all major ethnic groups are a significant cause for concern. The adolescent mental illness causes sleepless nights on the education system. Though much research has been done on this problem it still remains one of the leading causes of death amongst adolescent learners locally and globally. As a parent and an educator reading news articles, attending memorial services and funerals of adolescent learners who took their own lives, gave me enough reason for actions to be taken in order to find out what is causing adolescents to commit suicide. During this emotional experience as the researcher, I have discovered that the adolescent stage is a very fragile stage. I also discovered that when life stresses strike, coping as an adolescent becomes difficult. This study focuses on an in-depth study of the causative factors of suicide and attempted suicide amongst the adolescent learners of Tshwane North (D3) area. The topic was investigated by means of a literature study and an empirical investigation using a qualitative approach. Data was collected by means of focus group discussion and one to one interview using a tape recorder and taking notes. Participant's answers were analysed individually and compared with all others. Findings shows that adolescent suicide and attempted suicide is a mental disorder that need to be addressed by including physicians and psychologists, upon realizing the warning signs of suicide in order to minimalize the practice. It is also clear that adolescence is a fragile stage of growth and adolescents struggle to cope with life challenges such as peer pressure, parent separations, socialization, pregnancy, chronic illness and academic pressure. It is recommended that NGOs in collaboration with the Health and Education Departments need to take action by organizing workshops to address causative factors of suicide and how to find help when realizing a suicidal adolescent learner. The department of education needs to ensure that adolescent suicide and attempted suicide preventative strategies should be taught from primary school level and be added to life skills subject in all grades. Life Orientation educator's to be trained about adolescent suicide to be well equipped to teach learners on how to recognize warning signs in their peers and friends. / Inclusive Education / M. Ed. (Inclusive Education)

The premise of the research concerns negative spatial legacies and questions doubting the existence of the true post-apartheid city in South Africa. The study describes the socio-spatial structure of the functional urban core of the City of Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality (CTMM). An empirical analysis, a unique segregation-desegregation classification, a relative socio-economic classification and three continuity-discontinuity hypotheses was used to compare past and present socio-spatial characteristics. Structural racial-residential segregation is evident along with high levels of socio-economic inequality. Spatial polarisation of societal attributes has created a clear north-west and south-east divide in the study area. The study area is described as one with a central-south citadel (inhabited by the wealthy) and a dynamic periphery (diverse but relatively deprived). Current socio-spatial characteristics can be attributed to strong spatial legacies, ineffective policy interventions and underlying socio-spatial influences that inhibit true inclusivity and equality in the study area. / Geography / M. Sc. (Geography)

The main purpose of this study was to explore and describe factors that contribute to young refugee girls (aged 15-19 years) to be engaged in intergenerational sexual relationships in the city of Tshwane. A qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study was conducted using semi-structured interviews. Ten refugee girls were purposively selected using snowballing technique. Powerlessness, increased libido, curiosity, perception of inferior status of the women, attitudes towards assertive women, culture, anonymity, high cost of living, unemployment, poor educational status and residential conditions emerged as the main contributing factors to involvement of young refugee girls in intergenerational sexual relationships. These categories were grouped under three themes namely age, gender inequality and low socio-economic factors. In order to reduce the involvement of young refugee girls in intergenerational sex which increases their risk of HIV infections, the study recommends the initiation and/or improvement of programmes for addressing the three identified themes / Sociology / M. A. (Sociology (Social Behaviour Studies in HIV/AIDS))

Criminology and Security Science / D. Litt. et Phil. (Criminology)

Despite there being general agreement that SMEs are valuable in the global and South African economy to aid in creating jobs and in growing the economy, few benefits accrue to these enterprises as they endure a number of challenges which make them unsustainable. This research aimed to investigate the sustainability of SMEs in Tshwane townships, with an aim to design a framework that could be used by other SMEs that intend to enter the tourism industry, to ensure that they are sustainable and can contribute towards the expansion of the South African economy. The primary data was collected through a questionnaire, which was used to obtain information on Tshwane township tourism SMEs, as a way of detecting whether they were sustainable or not. The results indicated that the Tshwane township tourism SMEs were very small enterprises created by owners who were passionate about the tourism product. These enterprises have not been able to grow and employ more people but have provided employment and survival income for the owner and, in some cases, two additional people. SMEs face various challenges relating to sustainability, one of the main challenges being financial stability. SMEs are therefore unable to play their intended role in the creation of employment as well as in contributing to the economy as a whole. In an attempt to assist the owners and/or managers of SMEs to fulfil their roles, an SME framework was developed in the course of the present research. This framework comprises a step-by-step guide that asks all the relevant questions aimed at getting to know the business and culminating in a range of recommendations that could assist in making these SMEs sustainable. / Entrepreneurship and Supply Chain, Transport, Tourism and Logistics Management / M. Com. (Tourism Management)

Midwifery is the backbone of women and child healthcare. The shortage of staff in maternity units is a crisis faced by many countries worldwide, including South Africa. This study aims to investigate and explore the perceptions of midwives on the shortage and retention of staff in a public institution. An explorative, descriptive generic qualitative design method was followed. Non-probability, purposive sampling technique was used. The study was conducted at one tertiary hospital in the district of Tshwane, Gauteng Province. A total of 11 midwives were interviewed. Thematic coding analysis was followed in analysing data. Midwives are passionate about their job, despite the hurdles related to their day-to-day work environment. They are demoralised by a chronic shortage of staff, and feel overworked. Staff involvement in decision-making processes is a motivational factor for midwives to stay in the profession. / Health Studies / M.A. (Public Health)

Democracy in South Africa, among others, has brought a significant number of changes in the education system, including the concept of school management team in schools (SMT). In line with this, the objective of this study was to find out how SMTs experience teamwork in schools; and was conducted in the purposefully sampled six secondary schools in the Tshwane North District. This study was framed within the interpretive approach, and sought to unpack the experience of SMT members with regard to teamwork. An interpretive paradigm made it possible for me to gain an in-depth understanding of SMT member‟s experience of teamwork within their school contexts. I used interviews and questionnaires as research tools to gather data. This study has found that, although the concept of teamwork is well-received, there are significant obstacles to the implementation of teamwork as an alternative form of management. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (Education Management)