Submitted by Kenia Bernini (kenia.bernini@ufpel.edu.br) on 2016-09-01T20:54:33Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Rodrigo_Salaberry_Santos_Dissertação.pdf: 1390768 bytes, checksum: 90f017aa33936ff2cebac76e402b7d79 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-09-03T00:22:33Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Rodrigo_Salaberry_Santos_Dissertação.pdf: 1390768 bytes, checksum: 90f017aa33936ff2cebac76e402b7d79 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2016-09-03T00:24:09Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Rodrigo_Salaberry_Santos_Dissertação.pdf: 1390768 bytes, checksum: 90f017aa33936ff2cebac76e402b7d79 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-03T00:24:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Rodrigo_Salaberry_Santos_Dissertação.pdf: 1390768 bytes, checksum: 90f017aa33936ff2cebac76e402b7d79 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-23 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / A presente pesquisa, vinculada ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em História, da Universidade Federal de Pelotas, objetiva investigar a organização militar portuguesa e o cotidiano dos soldados envolvidos no conflito entre Portugal e Espanha no Rio da Prata pela posse da Colônia do Sacramento entre os anos de 1735 e 1737. Esse evento mobilizou um grande número de tropas e mantimentos de vários locais do Brasil e também da metrópole portuguesa, que levou assim a criação de uma vasta documentação, como diários e relatos de cronistas, o que nos permitiu uma maior aproximação com o cotidiano dos militares. Nesse sentido, esse estudo objetiva analisar diversos aspectos que afetavam o dia-a-dia dos soldados rasos, tão pouco trabalhados na maior parte da bibliografia que aborta o conflito, que muitas vezes o reduz a meras cifras numéricas, assim como a organização militar portuguesa. Esse trabalho segue a tendência da nova história militar, uma renovação historiográfica que traz um novo olhar para as instituições militares incorporando aspectos sociais, culturais, econômico entre outros para serem objetos de estudos. Inicialmente foram investigadas as especificidades da Colônia do Sacramento e as causas do conflito referido. Depois, foi analisada a mobilização militares feita para socorrer a praça. Por fim, o estudo trabalha com diversos aspectos da vida cotidiana dos militares envolvidos do conflito. / This research is linked to the Graduation Program in History on Universidade Federal de Pelotas(UFPEL), the propose of this study is to investigate the Portuguese military organization and the daily life of the soldiers involved in the conflict between Portugal and Spain located in the River Plate for possession of Colonia del Sacramento between years 1735 and 1737. This event mobilized a large number of troops and supplies from several places in Brazil and the Portuguese metropolis, thus allowing the creation of an extensive documentation such as diaries and chronicles reports, it took to get closer to the daily life of the military. Therefore, this study is proposed at analyzing the various aspects affecting the private’s daily routine, rarely found in most of the literature that aborts the conflict, which often reduces it to mere numerals, as well as the Portuguese military organization. This study follows the trend of the new military history, historiographical renewal that brings a new look to the military institutions incorporating social, cultural, economic and others to be objects of study. Initially, were investigated the specificities of Colonia del Sacramento and the causes of that conflict. Then, were analyzed the military mobilization made to rescue the war square. Finally, the study works with various aspects of the military daily life, involved in the conflict.

Doctor of Philosophy / Department of History / Donald J. Mrozek / During the Cold War, the United States’ foreign policy relied heavily on its ability to project military power. More often than not, the central component of force projection rested on the United States military’s effectiveness in employing air power both by establishing air superiority and through accurate delivery of ordnance. As the primary service tasked with conducting aerial warfare, the United States Air Force (USAF) was expected to maintain this capability either to achieve deterrence or, when necessary, to military action. In January 1973, the USAF seemed incapable of performing the latter task due to the North Vietnamese Integrated Air Defense System’s (NV-IAD’s) effectiveness in Operation Rolling Thunder and its successor, Operation Linebacker. Eighteen years later, Air Force aircraft spearheaded the Coalition’s air attack on the Iraqi Integrated Air Defense System (I-IADS) in January 1991. Considered by many to be the most effective air defense system outside the Soviet Union’s, the I-IADS was expected to exact heavy casualties from the allied forces. Instead, in less than twenty days, the USAF’s dominance was so complete that politicians, analysts and military historians quickly proclaimed a “Revolution in Military Affairs” (RMA). The majority of the current historiography credits advances in precision-guided munitions (PGMs), airframes, and computer technology as the impetus for the RMA. Others have claimed that the USAF’s training methodology and construction of advanced training sites such as the Red Flag complex at Nellis Air Force Base were the primary drivers for the Air Force’s success. While acknowledging the role all of these factors played, this dissertation also demonstrates the key role played by the development of Suppression of Enemy Air Defense (SEAD) doctrine from January 1973 through August 1991. In the aftermath of the American war in Vietnam, the Air Force considered defense suppression a tactical task that was secondary to the primary mission of putting ordnance on target. At the end of Desert Storm, proponents of the Air Force’s SEAD doctrine had convincing evidence that an enemy IADS was not just an ancillary weapons array, but functioned a critical national system just like manufacturing, government, or the people’s will. The process by which this viewpoint changed had effects on the development of the United States Air Force’s Cold War conventional capability in general, and the development of training methods, electronic warfare platforms, and modern airframes specifically.

The thesis seeks to understand, first and foremost, what the members of the 6th South African Armoured Division in Italy during the Second World War experienced in their day-to-day lives on campaign. It is therefore primarily a social history. Although an exhaustive analysis of the demographics of the division is beyond the scope of this study, an attempt was made in Chapter 2 to identify some of the characteristics of the volunteers and their motivations for enlisting. Recruitment statistics and other sources show that in the final stage of the war, volunteers were most likely to be school-leavers and university students. Chapters three to eight detail the daily life in camp and on the road as the division progressed up the length of Italy. The main themes revolve around the necessities of life, recreation, leisure and ways of dealing with long periods of inactivity. The more controversial topics of sexuality, alcohol use, and battle fatigue are not avoided. Regardless of the capacity in which they served, all those attached to the 6th South African Armoured Division experienced the country and its people. Homesickness, discomfort and the fulfilling of basic needs was the common bond. Chapter nine examines the topic of casualties and what it reveals about the men and their experience. At first glance, it would appear that the casualty rate was exceptionally low for a front line division. However, on closer examination, the casualty rate was found to be in line with that experienced by other nations involved in the Italian campaign. As expected, it was found that casualties occurred mainly in infantry units, although accidents accounted for 25 per cent of injuries. In the final chapter, the conclusions are presented and discussed in a theoretical context. Memory is used as a category of analysis. Scholars are in agreement that distortion and cleansing occurred due to the tendency of contemporary accounts to accentuate the positive. The needs of post-war society also helped to ensure that the language and experience of the front line soldier was overwhelmed / Thesis (DPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / lk2014 / Historical and Heritage Studies / DPhil / Unrestricted

During World War II, the United States Army employed a new weapon on the battlefield in an attempt to defeat German armor tactics: the tank destroyer. Tank Destroyer Force was created to stem the tide of German armored attacks and form an opening for American tanks to make their own counter-attacks. Since the end of the war, tank destroyer battalions have been regarded as a failed experiment, despite the evidence that they effectively did their jobs. The negative feedback in the immediate post-war period lead to the dissolution of the Tank Destroyer Force. Many of the studies of tank destroyers focus on the doctrine they followed and the faults in it. However, most of the studies do not look at the successful application of tank destroyer doctrine in the field by tank destroyer battalions. This paper will examine operations of the 773rd Tank Destroyer Battalion and its application of tank destroyer doctrine during the Battle of Chambois from August 17-21, 1944, for which it won a Presidential Unit Citation.

La présente recherche s'intéresse à la compréhension de quelques aspects particuliers de la poliorcétique romaine et aux moyens de transmettre ces résultats à un public, qu’il soit spécialisé ou non. Nombreuses sont les sources qui n’ont pas été exploitées dans l’historiographie ancienne et récente, qu’il s’agisse de récits, de poèmes, et même de certaines informations présentes dans les textes techniques. L’analyse exhaustive de ces sources anciennes entre le Ier siècle a.C. et le IVe siècle p.C. permet de considérer chaque problématique liée aux machines de siège romaines afin d’en obtenir une compréhension qui soit la plus complète possible. La restitution virtuelle de plusieurs machinae décrites avec précision permet d’obtenir des hypothèses expérimentales des principaux engins de siège et d’en déduire des corollaires sur les plans physiques, logistiques et stratégiques. La prise en compte du contexte de fonctionnement des machines s’inscrit dans une approche globale, méthode inhérente à l’Histoire des techniques. Cette méthodologie scientifique contribue à un développement parallèle des solutions de médiation scientifique permettant à tous d’accéder et de réfléchir aux problématiques abordées. / This research focuses on some particular aspects of Roman Siege Warfare and on solutions to transmit these results to an expert or non-expert public. There are many unstudied historical sources in the ancient and recent historiography, either narrative sources, poems or even some details from technical texts. An exhaustive analysis of those sources, dated between the first century BC to the fourth century AD, allows us to consider each problematic related to Roman siege machines in order to acquire an understanding as complete as possible. The virtual restitution of several well described machinae allows us to formulate experimental hypotheses of the main siege engines and to infer physical, logistical and strategic corollaries. By taking into account the operating context of the machines, we subscribe to an overall approach, the specific method of Technical history. This scientific methodology enables a parallel reflection about scientific mediation solutions, allowing everyone to access and give thought to the developed problematic.

No description available.

Since 2002 the Joint Senior Command and Staff Programme was annually presented at the South African National War College (SANWC) in Pretoria. This qualification was from 2008 to 2018 accredited with the Safety and Security Seta (SASSETA) as an NQF level 7 diploma in Defence Studies. In 2019 the qualification migrated to the Council on Higher Education as an NQF level 8, postgraduate diploma in Defence Studies. The aim of the qualification is to enable graduates to function as commanders and staff officers on the operational level of war (the planning and conduct of major operations and campaigns) to be utilised within the African battle space. It is also an entry requirement for the highest National Defence Force qualification, the Security and Defence Study Programme, presented at the South African National Defence College in Thaba Tshwane. This programme is accredited on NQF level 9, a master’s degree in Defence Studies. The credibility of the academic subject disciplines presented on the programme is an important facet of education and the development of problem-solving skills. Deep learning also develops a critical mindset in students with the approach that the educator’s knowledge is but an expression of current scientific research results, something that can change. The main research question is, to what extent did deep learning take place in the academic subjects on the programme of 2018? Secondly, why did the learning process during 2018 take place the way that it did? The third question is, what can be done to improve the level of deep learning as it stands to reason that it will contribute to the credibility of the qualification in a postgraduate dispensation? The research focused on the phases of the learning process, curriculum design, facilitation and assessment of selected subjects and educational quality assurance. The research findings were that the curriculum design only partially complied with the tenets of deep learning and the adherence to deep learning during the facilitation, and assessment processes were incidental. In accordance with the third research question, it is recommended that the learning process can be improved if some aspects of the programme are redesigned. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2020. / pt2021 / Humanities Education / PhD / Unrestricted

The thesis begins with a short section on the nature of neutrality in Europe in the 1930s, and briefly introduces the political circumstances of the six nations that remained neutral throughout the war. The primary subject of the paper deals with the relationship between the belligerents and the neutral states, especially the extent to which military strength and preparedness was responsible for the latter maintaining their neutrality.

The subject of this work is the strategic problems faced by the United States Navy in the Western Pacific following the acquisition of the Philippine Islands as a result of the Spanish-American War. Using primary materials from the National Archives, Naval War College, and Library of Congress Manuscript Division, some of which have only recently been declassified, the rarely publicized 'Works of the United States Navy in regards to strategic planning and national interests are detailed. Secondary accounts, along with contemporary periodical literature, supplement the previously classified documents.

This study is an attempt to combine the disciplines of Asian history and United States diplomatic history in analyzing the 1871 Korean-American Incident. The Incident revolves around the Low-Rodgers expedition to Korea, and the subsequent breakdown of peaceful negotiations into a military clash of arms. To describe the Incident as merely another example of American "imperialism,'' or as a result of narrow-minded Korean isolationism, is to oversimplify its causes and miss the larger implications that can be learned from it. A basic premise of this paper is that the 1871 Incident is an example of East-West cultural conflict. As such, the forces that helped to determine the attitudes and behavior of both the Americans and Koreans were of a broad nature reflecting their respective cultural differences. At times, these differences were so basic and general that the specialist in history can easily overlook them. To better understand this conflict of cultures, Chapters II and III discuss elements of Korean and American diplomacy before the 1860’s, and how their unique experiences led to widely different attitudes toward foreign relations. Chapter II concentrates on traditional Chinese-Korean relations, and their effect upon Korea's approach to diplomacy; Chapter III emphasizes the nature of America's first contacts with East Asia and the important influence of the activities of the United States in the Mediterranean region. Chapters IV and V deal with domestic politics in Korea and the United States, and how these internal conditions affected each nation's attitude toward the other. Chapter VI is a detailed description of the immediate events that culminated in the 1871 Incident. Chapters I and VII are the introduction and conclusion. In researching this paper, government documents, memoirs, diaries, personal accounts, contemporary newspapers, books, and articles were all used. When writing the chapters that deal primarily with Korea, Korean sources have been used as much as possible. The Korean and American officials, though communicating in the same language (Chinese characters), were negotiating from completely different cultural norms. Both sides felt that their positions and actions were morally justified. In studying the official documents concerning the Incident, the reader is indeed impressed by the sincerity and honesty of all parties involved. In this sense, it is difficult to label one group "guilty" and the other group "innocent." It must be remembered, however, that the Americans were carrying out naval activities in Korean waters, and not the Koreans in American waters. The student of history is reminded that American-East Asian relations, unlike most American-European relations, must constantly confront and overcome wide cultural differences. To ignore these differences, or to impose one's own cultural views on another society, is to invite misunderstanding, raise suspicions, and increase the possibility of conflict.