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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
41

The effect of a physical conditioning program on patients with mitral valve prolapse snydrome /

Alexander, Lori Ann January 1980 (has links)
No description available.
42

Outcome after mitral valve surgery for mitral valve regurgitation

Heikkinen, J. (Jouni) 08 January 2008 (has links)
Abstract The repair of degenerative mitral valve regurgitation has been shown to be an effective procedure with durable results. The techniques for mitral valve repair are not completely risk-free for late failure, and the identification of factors associated with this increased risk is of clinical relevance as it permits an appropriate selection of patients for whom mitral valve surgery should be offered and by which technique. The European system for cardiac operative risk evaluation score (EuroSCORE) has been used and demonstrated worldwide to be a valid tool for the prediction of immediate postoperative outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery. There are only a few studies which examine its value in heart valve surgery. Mitral valve repair has been shown to be associated with significant improvement in terms of functional capacity, but the late quality of life in these patients has not been adequately assessed, and there is no data on the quality of life of long-term survivors. The study population consisted of two groups of patients operated on at our institution. The first group included 164 patients who underwent isolated or combined mitral valve repair for mitral valve regurgitation during the period 1993 to 2000, while the second group consisted of 207 patients who underwent mitral valve repair (164 patients) or replacement (43 patients) for isolated mitral valve regurgitation during the same time-period. The first study aimed to identify preoperative variables which may have impact on the 30-day postoperative outcome. In the second study, the long-term outcome after mitral valve repair was evaluated in order to identify the risk factors associated with late failures. The third study analyzed quality of life after valve repair and compared it to that of an age- and gender-adjusted Finnish general population. In the fourth study, the validity of EuroSCORE was tested in predicting the immediate and late outcome of patients who had undergone mitral valve repair or replacement for isolated valve regurgitation. Patient age, a history of prior cardiac surgery and NYHA functional class were independent predictors of poor outcome. A residual regurgitation grade of more than one immediately after primary repair and chronic pulmonary disease were independent predictors of mitral valve reoperation. After valve repair, quality of life was similar to the age- and sex-adjusted general Finnish population. Both additive and logistic EuroSCOREs were predictors of the immediate and late outcomes of patients after surgery for mitral valve regurgitation.
43

Closed mitral valvotomy in pregnancy

Vosloo, S M 31 March 2017 (has links)
Heart disease remains the most important non-obstetric cause of maternal mortality and morbidity during pregnancy, despite its low incidence of less than 1%. This is due to the decline in the number of deaths from haemorrhage, infection and toxemia. In addition, a striking change in the pattern of proportional distribution of organic heart disease in pregnant women is being noted, with a decrease in chronic rheumatic lesions and an increase in congenital cardiac disease. In the Third World rheumatic mitral valve disease remains a most important condition during pregnancy. It is currently rarely seen in Europe and the United States. Mitral stenosis is the most commonly encountered rheumatic heart lesion that complicates pregnancy. The normal circulatory changes during pregnancy aggravate this lesion as the reduced, fixed valve area obstructs blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, causing pulmonary congestion and oedema. Careful and regular follow up of these patients is essential, and surgery is indicated if optimal medical management fails. Cardiac surgery duting pregnancy represents a risk to both the foetus and the mother. For most procedures extracorporeal circulation and heparinization are necessary and adds to the · adverse effects of the operation. Closed mitral valvotomy, however, is an excellent low risk operative procedure in patients with tight mitral stenosis without causing undue harm to the foetus. Cuttler described the first attempted surgery of the mitral valve in 1923 and since then the procedure has been improved to benefit many patients with tight mitral stenosis. The first reports of closed mitral valvotomy during pregnancy were in 1952. Al though a more precise valvotomy can be obtained with an open procedure, the closed operation avoids the risks of extracorporeal circulation, particularly detrimental to the foetus. This report is a review of the Groote Schuur Hospital experience of patients with mitral stenosis requiring closed mitral valvotomy during pregnancy since 1965. The aims of the study are to analyse the outcome of the pregnancy, the effects of valvotomy during pregnancy on both the mother and the foetus, and the outcome regarding restenosis of the mitral valve.
44

Avaliação pré e pós-operatória, através de ressonância magnética cardiovascular, de pacientes com insuficiência da valva mitral submetidos à plástica mitral pela técnica do duplo teflon / Preoperative and postoperative evaluation, by cardiovascular magnetic resonance, of patients with mitral valve insufficiency submitted to mitral valve repair using the double teflon technique

Abdouni, Ahmad Ali 21 January 2019 (has links)
Introdução: A plástica valvar mitral é o tratamento de escolha no tratamento da insuficiência mitral de etiologia degenerativa. Estudos recentes têm demonstrado que a utilização de anéis protéticos na plástica mitral altera a dinâmica do anel mitral e do fluxo intraventricular, podendo levar a disfunção ventricular esquerda. Entretanto, a literatura é escassa em relação à morfologia e à dinâmica do anel mitral após a plástica mitral sem a utilização de anéis protéticos, e a ressonância magnética cardiovascular (RMC) é uma ferramenta que pode ser utilizada na avaliação do anel mitral e do remodelamento do átrio e do ventrículo esquerdo. Objetivo: Avaliar as alterações morfofuncionais, a dinâmica do anel mitral e o remodelamento do átrio e ventrículo esquerdo, por meio da RMC, em indivíduos portadores de insuficiência mitral de etiologia degenerativa, submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico da valva mitral com a técnica do \"Duplo Teflon\". Métodos: No período de julho de 2014 a agosto de 2016, foram selecionados 36 pacientes consecutivos, com insuficiência mitral de etiologia degenerativa e prolapso da cúspide posterior. Três pacientes foram submetidos à troca valvar mitral e quatro não realizaram a RMC, de modo que 29 pacientes foram incluídos no protocolo e fizeram o seguimento proposto. Destes, 17 pacientes eram do sexo masculino (58,6%) e 12 do sexo feminino (41,4%), com idade média de 63,3 anos. Em relação à classe funcional (CF - NYHA), um paciente encontrava-se em CF I (3,4%), 5 pacientes em CF II (17,3%), 19 pacientes em CF III (65,5%) e 4 pacientes em CF IV (13,8%) no período pré-operatório. Os pacientes realizaram o exame de RMC no período pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato (até 30 dias), 6 meses, um ano e dois anos após a cirurgia, utilizando um protocolo específico para avaliação da valva mitral. Foram obtidas as medidas da circunferência, dos diâmetros e da área do anel mitral em diferentes fases do ciclo cardíaco (diástole, sístole inicial, sístole média e sístole final). Foi analisado o remodelamento cardíaco, sendo utilizados como parâmetros as dimensões, volumes e fração de ejeção do átrio esquerdo e do ventrículo esquerdo, sendo os volumes indexados pela superfície corpórea. Utilizamos o teste de análise de variância de medidas repetidas para o estudo estatístico, sendo considerado estatisticamente significante P < 0,05. Resultados: Houve um óbito hospitalar (3,4%). Com dois anos de seguimento, houve significativa melhora da classe funcional (CF), com 18 pacientes em CF I (75%) e 6 em CF II (25%). Após dois anos, 18 pacientes apresentam insuficiência mitral discreta ou ausente (75%) e dois pacientes (8,3%) apresentam insuficiência mitral importante, um deles relacionado ao implante de marcapasso no pós-operatório tardio. Observamos uma redução significativa em todas as medidas da valva mitral. A média da circunferência sistólica do anel mitral foi reduzida de 13,28 ± 1,95 para 11,5 ± 1,59 cm e a circunferência diastólica foi reduzida de 12,51 ± 2,01 para 10,66 ± 2,09 cm no período pós-operatório imediato, medidas que se mantiveram estáveis após 2 anos (P < 0,001). A média da área máxima do anel mitral no pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato, 6 meses, 1 ano e 2 anos foi 14,34 ± 4,03 cm, 10,72 ± 2,81 cm, 10,92 ± 3,03 cm, 10,98 ± 3,45 cm, 10,45 ± 3,17 cm, respectivamente. A média da área mínima do anel mitral no pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato, 6 meses, 1 ano e 2 anos foi de 12,53 ± 3,68 cm2, 9,60 ± 2,44 cm2, 9,66 ± 2,9 cm2, 9,60 ± 3,73 cm2 , 9,23 ± 2,84 cm2, respectivamente. Houve uma redução significativa desses parâmetros no seguimento de dois anos (p < 0,001), e essa redução foi maior no diâmetro ântero-posterior do que no diâmetro médio-lateral. A contração ou variação da área valvar mitral durante o ciclo cardíaco foi de 23,31 ± 9,04%, 19,63 ± 7,01%, 23,75 ± 8,09%, 25,75 ± 11,27%, 22,66 ± 9,77% respectivamente no pré-operatório, pós-operatório imediato, 6 meses, 1 ano e 2 anos, sem diferença estatística (p = 0,572), o que significa que a contratilidade do anel foi preservada após a cirurgia. Observamos redução dos volumes ventriculares e atriais esquerdos no seguimento, sendo mais significativa a redução do índice do volume diastólico final do ventrículo esquerdo. Conclusão: Observamos uma redução significativa do anel mitral após a cirurgia, em todas as medidas obtidas, com estabilidade da plástica mitral em 2 anos de seguimento e preservação da contração dinâmica do anel neste período / Introduction: Mitral valve repair is the treatment of choice for mitral regurgitation of degenerative etiology. Recent studies have shown that the use of prosthetic rings in mitral valve repair alters the dynamics of the mitral annulus and intraventricular flow, which may lead to left ventricular dysfunction. However, the literature is scarce in relation to the morphology and dynamics of the mitral annulus after mitral repair without the use of prosthetic rings, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is a tool that can be used in the evaluation of the mitral annulus and the remodeling of the left atrium and left ventricle. Objective: To evaluate the morphological changes and the dynamics of the mitral valve and the remodeling of the left atrium and left ventricle, by CMR, in patients with mitral insufficiency of degenerative etiology who underwent mitral valve surgery with the Double Teflon technique. Methods: From July 2014 to August 2016, 36 consecutive patients with mitral insufficiency of degenerative etiology and prolapse of the posterior leaflet were selected. Three patients underwent mitral valve replacement and four did not perform the CMR, so that 29 patients were included in the protocol and did the proposed follow-up. Of these, 17 patients were male (58.6%) and 12 were female (41.4%), with a mean age of 63.3 years. In relation to functional class (NYHA), one patient was in Class I (3.4%), 5 patients in Class II (17.3%), 19 patients in Class III (65.5%) and 4 patients in Class IV (13.8%) in the preoperative period. Patients underwent CMR examination in the preoperative period, immediate postoperative (up to 30 days), 6 months, one year and two years after surgery, using a specific protocol for mitral valve evaluation. Measurements of the circumference, diameters and mitral ring area were obtained in different phases of the cardiac cycle (diastole, initial systole, mean systole and final systole). Cardiac remodeling was analyzed, and the dimensions, volumes and ejection fraction of the left atrium and left ventricle were used as parameters, and the volumes were indexed by the body surface. We used the analysis of variance of repeated measures for the statistical analysis, being considered statistically significant P < 0.05. Results: There was one hospital death (3,4%). After two years of follow-up, there was a significant improvement in functional class, with 18 patients in Class I (75%) and 6 in Class II (25%). After two years, 18 patients had mild or absent mitral insufficiency (75%) and two patients (8.3%) had important mitral regurgitation, one of them related to late postoperative pacemaker implantation. We observed a significant reduction in all measures of the mitral valve. The mean systolic circumference of the mitral annulus was reduced from 13.28 ± 1.95 to 11.5 ± 1.59 cm and the diastolic circumference was reduced from 12.51 ± 2.01 to 10.66 ± 2.09 cm in the immediate postoperative period, measures that remained stable after 2 years (P < 0.001). The mean maximal area of the mitral annulus in the preoperative, immediate postoperative, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years was 14.34 ± 4.03 cm, 10.72 ± 2.81 cm, 10.92 ± 3,03 cm, 10.98 ± 3.45 cm, 10.45 ± 3.17 cm, respectively. The mean minimal area of the mitral annulus in the preoperative, immediate postoperative, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years was 12.53 ± 3.68 cm2, 9.60 ± 2.44 cm2, 9.66 ± 2.9 cm2, 9.60 ± 3.73 cm2, 9.23 ± 2.84 cm2, respectively. There was a significant reduction of these parameters at two-year follow-up (p < 0.001), and this reduction was greater in the antero-posterior diameter than in the midlateral diameter. The contraction or variation of the mitral valve area during the cardiac cycle was 23.31 ± 9.04%, 19.63 ± 7.01%, 23.75 ± 8.09%, 25.75 ± 11.27%, 22.66 ± 9.77% respectively in the preoperative, postoperative, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years, without statistical difference (p = 0.572), which means that the contractility of the ring was preserved after surgery. We observed reduction of left ventricular and left atrial volumes in the follow-up, being more significant the reduction of the left ventricle end-diastolic volume index. Conclusion: We observed a significant reduction of the mitral annulus after surgery, in all the measurements obtained, with stability of the mitral repair in 2 years of follow-up and preservation of the dynamic contraction of the ring in this period
45

Análise do efeito do laser de alta potência em valvas mitrais cardíacas de suínos: estudo experimental / Analysis of high power laser effect in swine cardiac mitral valves: experimental study

Pinto, Nathali Cordeiro 10 July 2014 (has links)
Introdução e Objetivo: No Brasil, procedimentos valvares representam no mínimo 30% das cirurgias cardíacas realizadas no país. Em nosso meio ainda predominam as lesões valvares decorrentes da febre reumática e doenças degenerativas. Nos pacientes reumáticos, a valva mitral é a mais acometida, predominando a estenose devido à fusão comissural e lesões no plano subvalvar; porém espessamento e retração de cúspides também são comuns, determinando dupla lesão ou insuficiência desta valva. Em processos degenerativos, as cordas tendíneas podem se apresentar alongadas. Na tentativa de utilização futura do laser como método auxiliar na correção cirúrgica dessas valvopatias, iniciamos estudo experimental com o objetivo de comparar histologicamente o tecido valvar mitral de suínos (cordas tendíneas e cúspides) submetido com e sem o laser de alta potência (LAP). Métodos: Foram estudadas cordas tendíneas e cúspides mitrais de suínos jovens e saudáveis, divididos em 6 grupos: G1-Aplicação do laser em cordas tendíneas com o tempo de 15 s; G2- Aplicação do laser em cordas tendíneas com o tempo de 20 s; G3- Aplicação do laser em cordas tendíneas com o tempo de 30 s; G4- Grupo controle relacionado a G1, G2 e G3; G5- Grupo cúspide submetido a corte com lâmina de bisturi; G6- Grupo cúspide submetido a corte com laser. As cordas tendíneas dos grupos G1, G2 e G3 receberam tratamento com laser de diodo (=980 nm, P=3,0 W) e o grupo G6 com laser de diodo em outros parâmetros (=980 nm, P=9,0 W, T=12s). Termografia e tomografia por coerência óptica foram utilizadas durante o experimento. Parte da amostra foi preservada em formaldeído e glutaraldeído para análise microscópica e a outra parte foi preservada em solução fisiológica 0,9% para análise mecânica. Resultados: Houve um decréscimo significante no comprimento das cordas tendíneas após aplicação do laser quando comparado ao comprimento inicial (p=0,005 em G1 e G2 e p=0,004 em G3). À microscopia óptica, G1, G2 e G3 apresentaram áreas hialinas ocupando quase a totalidade da espessura da corda, quando coradas pela Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE), áreas vermelho-escura na região central da corda quando coradas pelo Tricrômico de Masson e áreas com birrefringência diminuída quando coradas pelo Picrosírius vermelho. Na avaliação mecânica, os grupos lasers apresentaram diminuição da rigidez do material, assim como na força máxima durante a ruptura, entretanto o deslocamento foi maior em relação ao grupo controle (p=0,005). No G5, evidenciamos ausência de qualquer alteração histológica. No G6 foram identificadas áreas de menor birrefringência do colágeno quando corado pelo Picrosírius vermelho, áreas estas que apresentavam aspecto basofilico hialino no HE e coloração vermelho-escura ao Tricrômico de Masson. Conclusão: As cordas tendíneas de valvas mitrais de suínos submetidas ao laser de alta potência apresentaram redução do seu comprimento final, diminuição na birrefringência e alteração na distribuição dos feixes de colágeno. Além disso, apresentaram queda da rigidez, maior fragilidade de rotura e maior deslocamento ao teste de tração mecânica quando comparada ao grupo controle. Com relação às cúspides, os danos térmicos encontrados no grupo corte com laser de alta potência foram maiores do que em relação ao bisturi de lâmina, quando evidenciados pela microscopia óptica / Introduction and Objective: In Brazil, valvar procedures represent at least 30% of cardiac surgeries performed in the country. It still predominate valvar lesions resulting from rheumatic fever and degenerative diseases. In rheumatic patients, the mitral valve is the most affected, predominantly stenosis due to commissural fusion and lesions in the subvalvar plane, however, thickening and retraction of the leaflets are also common, causing double lesion or mitral insufficiency. In degenerative process, the chordae tendineae may present elongated. In an attempt to further use of the laser as an auxiliary method in the surgical correction of valvar heart disease, we started experimental study with the purpose of comparing the histological swine tissue mitral valve (chordae tendineae and cusps) with and without high-power laser (HPL) application. Methods: Normal porcine mitral valve chordae and cups were studied and divided randomly into the following 6 groups: G1- Laser in the chordae tendineae with time of 15s; G2- Laser in the chordae tendineae with time of 20s; G3- Laser in the chordae tendineae with time of 30s; G4- Control Group; G5- Cusp group cut with a scalpel blade; G6- Cusp group cut with laser. Chordae tendineae from G1, G2 e G3 received diode laser (=980 nm, P=3,0 W) and G6 diode laser with other parameters (=980 nm, P=9,0 W, T=12s). Termography and optical coherence tomography were included during the procedure. Part of the sample was preserved in formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde for microscopic analysis and another part was stored in 0.9% saline for mechanical analysis. Results: There was a significant decrease in chordae length after laser application when compared to the initial length (p=0,005 to G1 and G2; p=0,004 to G3). In laser groups, histological analysis revealed a typical hyaline areas occupying almost the entire thickness of the chordae, when stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE); dark red central areas when stained with Masson Trichrome and a birefringence decrease when stained with Picrocirius red. In mechanical analysis, we found lower stiffness, maximum rupture force decrease and larger displacement compared with the Control Group (p=0,005). In G5, was evidenced absence of any histological abnormality and a homogeneous blue appearance, typical of the cusp. However in G6, a basophilic hyaline aspect was found focally when stained with HE, dark red areas when stained with Masson Trichrome and a birefringence decrease when stained with Picrocirius Red. Conclusion: Chordae tendineae of normal porcine submitted to a high-power laser presented with reduced length, birefringence decrease and the collagen bundles organized into different orientations. Besides, presented lower stiffness, maximum rupture force decrease and larger displacement compared with the control group. Regarding cups, thermal changes were bigger in the cusp group cut with laser compared cusp group cut with scalpel blade, observed by optical microscopy
46

Análise do efeito do laser de alta potência em valvas mitrais cardíacas de suínos: estudo experimental / Analysis of high power laser effect in swine cardiac mitral valves: experimental study

Nathali Cordeiro Pinto 10 July 2014 (has links)
Introdução e Objetivo: No Brasil, procedimentos valvares representam no mínimo 30% das cirurgias cardíacas realizadas no país. Em nosso meio ainda predominam as lesões valvares decorrentes da febre reumática e doenças degenerativas. Nos pacientes reumáticos, a valva mitral é a mais acometida, predominando a estenose devido à fusão comissural e lesões no plano subvalvar; porém espessamento e retração de cúspides também são comuns, determinando dupla lesão ou insuficiência desta valva. Em processos degenerativos, as cordas tendíneas podem se apresentar alongadas. Na tentativa de utilização futura do laser como método auxiliar na correção cirúrgica dessas valvopatias, iniciamos estudo experimental com o objetivo de comparar histologicamente o tecido valvar mitral de suínos (cordas tendíneas e cúspides) submetido com e sem o laser de alta potência (LAP). Métodos: Foram estudadas cordas tendíneas e cúspides mitrais de suínos jovens e saudáveis, divididos em 6 grupos: G1-Aplicação do laser em cordas tendíneas com o tempo de 15 s; G2- Aplicação do laser em cordas tendíneas com o tempo de 20 s; G3- Aplicação do laser em cordas tendíneas com o tempo de 30 s; G4- Grupo controle relacionado a G1, G2 e G3; G5- Grupo cúspide submetido a corte com lâmina de bisturi; G6- Grupo cúspide submetido a corte com laser. As cordas tendíneas dos grupos G1, G2 e G3 receberam tratamento com laser de diodo (=980 nm, P=3,0 W) e o grupo G6 com laser de diodo em outros parâmetros (=980 nm, P=9,0 W, T=12s). Termografia e tomografia por coerência óptica foram utilizadas durante o experimento. Parte da amostra foi preservada em formaldeído e glutaraldeído para análise microscópica e a outra parte foi preservada em solução fisiológica 0,9% para análise mecânica. Resultados: Houve um decréscimo significante no comprimento das cordas tendíneas após aplicação do laser quando comparado ao comprimento inicial (p=0,005 em G1 e G2 e p=0,004 em G3). À microscopia óptica, G1, G2 e G3 apresentaram áreas hialinas ocupando quase a totalidade da espessura da corda, quando coradas pela Hematoxilina-Eosina (HE), áreas vermelho-escura na região central da corda quando coradas pelo Tricrômico de Masson e áreas com birrefringência diminuída quando coradas pelo Picrosírius vermelho. Na avaliação mecânica, os grupos lasers apresentaram diminuição da rigidez do material, assim como na força máxima durante a ruptura, entretanto o deslocamento foi maior em relação ao grupo controle (p=0,005). No G5, evidenciamos ausência de qualquer alteração histológica. No G6 foram identificadas áreas de menor birrefringência do colágeno quando corado pelo Picrosírius vermelho, áreas estas que apresentavam aspecto basofilico hialino no HE e coloração vermelho-escura ao Tricrômico de Masson. Conclusão: As cordas tendíneas de valvas mitrais de suínos submetidas ao laser de alta potência apresentaram redução do seu comprimento final, diminuição na birrefringência e alteração na distribuição dos feixes de colágeno. Além disso, apresentaram queda da rigidez, maior fragilidade de rotura e maior deslocamento ao teste de tração mecânica quando comparada ao grupo controle. Com relação às cúspides, os danos térmicos encontrados no grupo corte com laser de alta potência foram maiores do que em relação ao bisturi de lâmina, quando evidenciados pela microscopia óptica / Introduction and Objective: In Brazil, valvar procedures represent at least 30% of cardiac surgeries performed in the country. It still predominate valvar lesions resulting from rheumatic fever and degenerative diseases. In rheumatic patients, the mitral valve is the most affected, predominantly stenosis due to commissural fusion and lesions in the subvalvar plane, however, thickening and retraction of the leaflets are also common, causing double lesion or mitral insufficiency. In degenerative process, the chordae tendineae may present elongated. In an attempt to further use of the laser as an auxiliary method in the surgical correction of valvar heart disease, we started experimental study with the purpose of comparing the histological swine tissue mitral valve (chordae tendineae and cusps) with and without high-power laser (HPL) application. Methods: Normal porcine mitral valve chordae and cups were studied and divided randomly into the following 6 groups: G1- Laser in the chordae tendineae with time of 15s; G2- Laser in the chordae tendineae with time of 20s; G3- Laser in the chordae tendineae with time of 30s; G4- Control Group; G5- Cusp group cut with a scalpel blade; G6- Cusp group cut with laser. Chordae tendineae from G1, G2 e G3 received diode laser (=980 nm, P=3,0 W) and G6 diode laser with other parameters (=980 nm, P=9,0 W, T=12s). Termography and optical coherence tomography were included during the procedure. Part of the sample was preserved in formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde for microscopic analysis and another part was stored in 0.9% saline for mechanical analysis. Results: There was a significant decrease in chordae length after laser application when compared to the initial length (p=0,005 to G1 and G2; p=0,004 to G3). In laser groups, histological analysis revealed a typical hyaline areas occupying almost the entire thickness of the chordae, when stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE); dark red central areas when stained with Masson Trichrome and a birefringence decrease when stained with Picrocirius red. In mechanical analysis, we found lower stiffness, maximum rupture force decrease and larger displacement compared with the Control Group (p=0,005). In G5, was evidenced absence of any histological abnormality and a homogeneous blue appearance, typical of the cusp. However in G6, a basophilic hyaline aspect was found focally when stained with HE, dark red areas when stained with Masson Trichrome and a birefringence decrease when stained with Picrocirius Red. Conclusion: Chordae tendineae of normal porcine submitted to a high-power laser presented with reduced length, birefringence decrease and the collagen bundles organized into different orientations. Besides, presented lower stiffness, maximum rupture force decrease and larger displacement compared with the control group. Regarding cups, thermal changes were bigger in the cusp group cut with laser compared cusp group cut with scalpel blade, observed by optical microscopy
47

Mitral Valve Prolapse: Relationship of Echocardiography Characteristics to Natural History

Mechleb, Bassam, Kasasbeh, Ehab S., Iskandar, Said B., Schoondyke, Jeffrey W., Garcia, Israel D. 01 May 2006 (has links)
No description available.
48

Control mechanism for the papillary muscles of the mitral valve : an In Vitro study

Gieseking, Elizabeth Robinson 08 1900 (has links)
No description available.
49

Stentless mitral valve fixation : impact on hemodynamic performance

Jensen, Morten Ølgaard Jegstrup 05 1900 (has links)
No description available.
50

Amplificação dos genes que codificam a Endotelina-1 e seus receptores em valvas mitrais reumáticas

Moura, Edmilson Bastos de January 2008 (has links)
Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Medicina, 2008. / Submitted by Natália Cristina Ramos dos Santos (nataliaguilera3@hotmail.com) on 2009-09-10T12:22:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_EdmilsonBastosdeMoura.pdf: 1746669 bytes, checksum: c25edd64b2c89dd0421a0aa41d8f1c8b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Guimaraes Jacqueline(jacqueline.guimaraes@bce.unb.br) on 2009-10-05T16:32:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_EdmilsonBastosdeMoura.pdf: 1746669 bytes, checksum: c25edd64b2c89dd0421a0aa41d8f1c8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2009-10-05T16:32:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2008_EdmilsonBastosdeMoura.pdf: 1746669 bytes, checksum: c25edd64b2c89dd0421a0aa41d8f1c8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Introdução: o estudo da substância vasoconstritora endotelina-1 e de seus receptores A e B, desde sua descoberta em 1988, tem crescido progressivamente nos últimos anos. Isso se deve ao seu reconhecimento como elemento crítico na fisiopatologia de diversas doenças, com destaque para aquelas de acometimento cardiovascular. Sua função na vasorreatividade já é conhecida, bem como sua ação parácrina e autócrina, o que conduz à procura de seus sítios de produção nos diversos tecidos. Essa busca objetiva desvendar a contribuição de cada órgão no processo patológico, e também determinar a participação de tais peptídeos nas modificações sofridas pelo próprio tecido nesse processo (como a deposição de colágeno, ou a neovascularização). Nesse contexto, a valvopatia reumática revela-se uma boa candidata à pesquisa, pelas suas características mudanças estruturais valvares e pela repercussão que impõe à todo o sistema cardiovascular e pulmonar. Objetivo: determinar, mediante técnicas moleculares, a expressão dos genes da endotelina e dos seus receptores em valvas mitrais reumáticas. Metodologia: 27 pacientes submetidos a troca valvar mitral tiveram seu tecido valvar analisado para determinação da presença de genes da ET-1 e seus receptores A e B; foi feita análise histológica e molecular das valvas (divididas em fragmentos M1, M2 e M3) e colhidos dados clínicos e epidemiológicos dos pacientes. Foram divididos em 3 grupos (valvopatia mitral, mitroaórtica, pacientes reoperados). Resultados: O estudo mostrou a manifestação do gene da endotelina-1 em 40,7% dos espécimes e de seu receptor A em todas as amostras, com manifestação minoritária do gene do receptor B (22,2%). Conclusões: todos os pacientes expressaram a presença do gene do receptor A; não houve diferença estatística quanto a gravidade da doença, expressa em classe funcional, e os subgrupos estudados (valvopatas mitrais, mitro-aórticos e pacientes reoperados), ou quanto a expressão dos genes da ET-1 e seus receptores, entre os subgrupos estudados (valvopatas mitrais, mitro-aórticos e pacientes reoperados). ____________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT / Introduction: the study of the vasoconstrictor substance endothelin-1 and its receptors A and B, since its discovery in 1988, has grown gradually in the last years. This is due to their recognition as a critical element in the pathophysiology of many diseases, with emphasis on those from cardiovascular involvement. His role in vasorreactivity is already known, as well as its autocrine and paracrine actions, leading to demand for its production sites in various tissues. This search aims to unveil the contribuction of each organ in the pathological process, and also determine the involvement of these peptides in the modifications made by the tissue in the process (as the deposition of collagen, or neovascularization). In this context, rheumatic valve disease proves to be a good candidate to search, due their characteristics valve structural changes and the impact of the whole cardiovascular and pulmonary sistems. Objective: to determine, through molecular techniques, the expression of genes of endothelin and its receptors in rheumatic mitral valves. Methodology: 27 patients undergoing mitral valve replacement had their valve tissue analyzed for determining the presence of genes of ET-1 and its receptors A and B; was made histological and molecular analysis of the valves and collected clinical and epidemiological data of patients. They were divided into 3 groups (mitral valvophaty, mitroaortic, patients reoperated). Results: the study showed the gene expression of enothelin-1 in 40,7% of the samples, and its receptor A in all samples, with minority manifestation of the gene of receptor B (22,2%). Conclusions: all patients expressed the gene of receptor A; there was no statistical difference regarding the severity of illness, expressed in functional class, and the subgroups studied (mitral valvophaty, mitroaortic and reoperated patients), or in the expression of genes of ET-1 and their receptors, among the subgroups studied.

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