Generating code from software models is considered to be a new generation leap within software development methods. The objective of this M.Sc. project is to evaluate how different approaches to modelling and code generation affect embedded systems software development and propose recommendations on how to improve software development. Two product areas at Saab Surveillance EW Systems in Järfälla, Stockholm, are used as study objects. A research overview is made to highlight themes regarding modelling, code generation and software development in general. Based on these, interviews are held with system engineers and software developers at each product area, where they use different modelling and code generation approaches. The two development processes are described thoroughly. Challenges and advantages related to each area’s approach are investigated. Software development within product area A is affected by the product complexity and the larger scale of the development, including projects running over a longer time with more teams involved. Recommendations include enabling code generation by aligning it with other investments on process improvement and limiting the approach to generating some system components. Software developers within product area B can use full code generation, enabled by the limited product complexity. The product area is affected by software standards and external requirements on the process. Recommendations include extending the modelling approach to make it easier to trace functionality from system to software level. Conclusions are that both product areas can apply modelling and code generation to more software development activities to improve their respective development processes.

Les pratiques de développement des logiciels de Réalité Virtuelle (RV) ne sont pas optimisées. Ainsi, chaque société utilise ses propres méthodes. L'objectif de la thèse est d'automatiser la production et l'évaluation des logiciels de RV en utilisant des techniques issues de ! 'Ingénierie Dirigée par les Modèles (IDM). Les approches existantes en RV ne permettent pas de tirer parti des points communs que partagent ces logiciels. Ces manques de réutilisation et d'abstraction sont des problèmes connus en !DM, qui propose le concept de Ligne de Produits Logiciels (LPL) pour automatiser la production de logiciels de la même famille par réutilisation de composants communs. Cependant cette approche n'est pas adaptée au développement de logiciels reposant sur un scénario, comme en RV. Nous proposons deux frameworks qui comblent respectivement les manques en IDM et en RV : LPLOS (LPL Orientée Scénario) et LPLRV (LPL pour la RV). LPLOS repose sur un modèle de scénarios qui manipule un modèle de variabilité logicielle (Feature model, FM). Chaque étape du scénario correspond à une configuration du FM. LPLRV repose sur LPLOS. Le scénario supervise la manipulation des objets virtuels, générés automatiquement à partir d'un modèle. Nous avons implémenté ces frameworks au sein d'outils qui ont été essayés sur des exemples et évalués par des utilisateurs cibles. Les résultats soutiennent l'utilisation de ces frameworks pour la production de logiciels reposant sur un scénario. / Development practices in Virtual Reality (VR) are not optimized. for example, each company uses its own methods. The goal of this PhD thesis is to automatize development and evaluation of VR software with the use of Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) technics. The existing approaches in VR do not take advantage of software commonalities. Those lacks of reuse and abstraction are known problems in MDE, which proposes the Soflware Product Line (SPL) concept to automatize the production of software belonging to the same family, by reusing common components. However, this approach is not adapted to software based on a scenario, like inVR.We propose two frameworks that respectively address the lacks in MDE and VR : SOSPL (scenario-oriented software product line) and VRSPL (VR SPL). SOSPL is based on a scenario model that handles a software variability model (feature model , FM). Each scenario step matches a configuration of the FM. VRSPL is based on SOSPL. The scenario manages virtual objects manipulation, the objects being generated automatically from a model. We implemented these frameworks inside tools that have been tried on exemples and evaluated by their target users. The results promote the use of these frameworks for producing scenario-based software.

Hoje em dia, desenvolvedores de sistemas embarcados enfrentam uma crescente complexidade de projeto, tanto nas aplicações quanto nas plataformas usadas para executá-las. O uso de plataformas complexas faz com que os engenheiros precisem fazer escolhas não-triviais, e muitas vezes contra-intuitivas durante a fase de projeto. Para permitir que os projetistas gerenciem esta complexidade, o uso de metodologias baseadas em modelos tem atraído atenção, e dentro deste contexto, a metodologia HIPAO2 está sendo desenvolvida dentro da UFRGS. Dentre os problemas que os engenheiros precisam enfrentar, o mapeamento entre tarefas e processadores em sistemas multiprocessados heterogêneos é um problema NP-completo, onde o espaço de projeto rapidamente se torna grande demais para que seja explorado satisfatoriamente de maneira manual. Este trabalho detalha a extensão das ferramentas que suportam a metodologia HIPAO2, de maneira a incluir facilidades de Exploração de Espaço de Projeto semi-automática para a solução deste problema. A ferramenta proposta faz uso de um algoritmo genético multiobjetivo para evidenciar tradeoffs existentes no projeto, e algoritmos de análise de aplicações modeladas como synchronous dataflow para avaliar possíveis mapeamentos sem um custo computacional proibitivo. / Designers of today’s embedded systems are faced with increasing complexity both in the applications being developed and the platforms they run on. The use of complex platforms means that the engineers need to make non-trivial and many times non-intuitive decisions during the design phase. To help developers work with this complexity, model-driven techniques are gaining attention, and in this context, the HIPAO2 model-driven engineering methodology is being developed at UFRGS. Among the problems that designers must solve, the task-to-processor mapping in heterogeneous multiprocessor systems is an NP-complete problem and the design space will quickly become too large to be explored adequately by humans. This work details the extension of the tools that support HIPAO2 to include semiautomatic Design-Space Exploration capabilities for the mapping problem. The proposed tool includes the use of a multiobjective genetic algorithm to make tradeoffs explicit to the designers; it also uses synchronous dataflow analysis algorithms to evaluate potential alternatives with a reasonable computational cost.

Model Driven Engineering (MDE) is a software development approach which focuses on the creation of models to represent a domain with the aim of automatically generating software artefact using a set of software tools. This approach enables practitioners to produce a variation of software in by reusing the concepts in the domain model without worrying about the technical intricacies of software development. Therefore, this approach can help to increases productivity and it makes software design easier for the practitioners. The application of this approach into games development domain presents an interesting proposition and could help to simplify production of computer games. Computer games are interactive entertainment software designed and developed to engage users to participate in goal-directed play. Many find computer gaming to be persuasive and engaging, and they believe that through the application of game design and game technology in non-entertainment domains can create a positive impact. Computer games designed primarily for non-entertainment purpose are generally known as serious games. The development of games software, in no relation to the intended purpose of it, is technically complex and it requires specialist skills and knowledge. This is the major barrier that hinders domain experts who intend to apply computer gaming into their respective domains. Much research is already underway to address this challenge, whereby many of which have chosen to use readily available commercial-off-the-shelf games while others have attempted to develop serious games in-house or collaboratively with industry expertise. However, these approaches present issues including appropriateness of the serious game content and its activities, reliability of serious games developed and the financial cost involved. The MDE approach promises new hopes to the domain experts, especially to those with little or no technical knowledge who intend produce their own computer games. Using this approach, the technical aspects of games development can be hidden from the domain experts through the automated generation of software artefact. This simplifies the production of computer games and could provide the necessary support to help non-technical domain experts to realise their vision on serious gaming. This thesis investigates the development of a model-driven approach and technologies to aid non-technical domain experts in computer games production. It presents a novel model-driven games development framework designed to aid non-technical domain experts in producing computer games. A prototype based on the model-driven games development framework has been implemented to demonstrate the applicability of this solution. The framework has been validated through the prototypical implementations and these have been evaluated. A case study has been conducted to present a use-case scenario and to examine if this approach can help non-technical domain experts in producing computer games and also to find out if it would lower the barrier towards adoption of game-based learning as an alternative teaching and learning approach. The work in this thesis contributes to the area of software engineering in games. The contributions made in this research includes (1) a blueprint for model-driven engineering for games development, (2) a reusable formalised approach to document computer game design and (3) a model of game software that is independent of implementation platform.

Hoje em dia, desenvolvedores de sistemas embarcados enfrentam uma crescente complexidade de projeto, tanto nas aplicações quanto nas plataformas usadas para executá-las. O uso de plataformas complexas faz com que os engenheiros precisem fazer escolhas não-triviais, e muitas vezes contra-intuitivas durante a fase de projeto. Para permitir que os projetistas gerenciem esta complexidade, o uso de metodologias baseadas em modelos tem atraído atenção, e dentro deste contexto, a metodologia HIPAO2 está sendo desenvolvida dentro da UFRGS. Dentre os problemas que os engenheiros precisam enfrentar, o mapeamento entre tarefas e processadores em sistemas multiprocessados heterogêneos é um problema NP-completo, onde o espaço de projeto rapidamente se torna grande demais para que seja explorado satisfatoriamente de maneira manual. Este trabalho detalha a extensão das ferramentas que suportam a metodologia HIPAO2, de maneira a incluir facilidades de Exploração de Espaço de Projeto semi-automática para a solução deste problema. A ferramenta proposta faz uso de um algoritmo genético multiobjetivo para evidenciar tradeoffs existentes no projeto, e algoritmos de análise de aplicações modeladas como synchronous dataflow para avaliar possíveis mapeamentos sem um custo computacional proibitivo. / Designers of today’s embedded systems are faced with increasing complexity both in the applications being developed and the platforms they run on. The use of complex platforms means that the engineers need to make non-trivial and many times non-intuitive decisions during the design phase. To help developers work with this complexity, model-driven techniques are gaining attention, and in this context, the HIPAO2 model-driven engineering methodology is being developed at UFRGS. Among the problems that designers must solve, the task-to-processor mapping in heterogeneous multiprocessor systems is an NP-complete problem and the design space will quickly become too large to be explored adequately by humans. This work details the extension of the tools that support HIPAO2 to include semiautomatic Design-Space Exploration capabilities for the mapping problem. The proposed tool includes the use of a multiobjective genetic algorithm to make tradeoffs explicit to the designers; it also uses synchronous dataflow analysis algorithms to evaluate potential alternatives with a reasonable computational cost.

This report presents the results of a thesis project that surveys and designs about the issue “Feature Model for Adaptive Computing”. In this project, there are two main issues, first one is about the Feature Modeling, and the second is how to use this Feature Modeling for adaptive computing. In this thesis report, at the beginning, we present the problem we expected to solve and introduce some background information, including the knowledge of feature model and adaptive computing. Then we explain our solution and evaluate this solution. At the end of this report, we give a short conclusion about our thesis project and feature work.

This master thesis is about building an adaptive library based on a platform independent model, which represents a conceptual design realizing the functional requirements being independent of the technologies and software architectures changes. This adaptive library is a model, which has a higher level of abstraction than the code that we will generate afterwards, generalizes the solution of those problems that can be resolved using different implementations that uses different kinds of data structures. In addition the higher level of abstraction that this adaptive library is having will give a speed up in developing the application and higher quality solution because of the maintainability and reusability. This solution is going to have the propriety to be changed easily in order to solve different concrete problems.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:49:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Antonius de Castro Tavares, Marcellus; Pierre Louis Robin, Jacques. Behavioral java code generation from imperative object constraint language expressions in plataformindependent UML models. 2011. Dissertação (Mestrado). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência da Computação, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 2011.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:53:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo1916_1.pdf: 1434494 bytes, checksum: 1b590044040a8dcd13c8953148aade5a (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Constraint Handling Object-oriented Rules with Disjunctions (CHORD), é uma extensão orientada a objetos (OO) de CHRv, uma linguagem relacional baseada em regras que foi inicialmente desenhada para a especificação em caixa branca de resolvedores de restrições mas veio a mostrar-se uma linguagem bastante flexível. Flexibilidade esta que vêm sendo demonstrada nos últimos anos pelo grande número de serviços de raciocínio e algoritmos que foram descritos concisamente por meio desta linguagem. Para definir a sintaxe de nossa extensão, nós nos baseamos na abordagem seguida na extensão de Prolog realizada por Frame Logic que é similar à nossa, na qual, a sintaxe de frames foi introduzida para representar construtores OO em cima dos relacionais originais. Além disso, em vez de forçar o usuário (programador) a se adequar à uma semântica pré-definida para esses novos construtores, nós escolhemos uma estratégia inovadora: desacoplar a sintaxe da semântica da linguagem permitindo que o conjunto de hipóteses semânticas seja totalmente configurável. Estes avanços claramente contribuem para o domínio do Raciocínio Automático e da Representação do Conhecimento (AR/KR), dentro do qual CHRv é a linguagem de representa ção do conhecimento mais versátil. Este trabalho também permite a integração dos serviços de raciocínio já providos por CHRv ao estado da arte em linguagens orientadas a objetos reduzindo a quebra de paradigma entre elas. Há também contribuições a outros domínios: em programação declarativa, ao disponibilizar a primeira linguagem a integrar as formas mais poderosas de programação orientada a objetos, baseada em regras e baseada em restrições. No domínio da Web Semântica, nós mostramos que nossa linguagem generaliza a semântica de três dos mais importantes padrões de linguagem de representação do conhecimento, provendo uma solução para o problema recorrente de integração nesta área. No domínio da engenharia guiado por modelos (MDE), este trabalho provê o primeiro mapeamento semântico para modelos UML/OCL, MOF/OCL e transformações de modelo explícitamente configurável e com fundamentação axiomática declarativa e operacional em CFOL. Neste trabalho nós apresentamos as sintaxes abstrata e contreta de CHORD, suas semânticas operacional e declarativa em CFOL, e uma ontologia de hipóteses semânticas para herança. Para validá-lo, nós apresentamos três estudos de caso mostrando que CHORD generaliza UML/OCL, Frame Logic e OWL

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-02-13T15:18:50Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) [dsc] Edson Alves v.1.5.6.pdf: 4201919 bytes, checksum: c682b493376c27a9896e5215c62283a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-13T15:18:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) [dsc] Edson Alves v.1.5.6.pdf: 4201919 bytes, checksum: c682b493376c27a9896e5215c62283a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-02 / CNPq / Model Driven Development (MDD) é um paradigma para geração automática de código executável que utiliza modelos como o seu artefato primário. No escopo de Banco de Dados, apesar das regras para transformação de esquemas Enhanced Entity Relationship (EER) em código da Structured Query Language (SQL)-Relacional já terem sido amplamente exploradas na literatura, não se encontrou um trabalho que ao mesmo tempo especifique tradutores MDD capazes de transformar, automaticamente, esquemas EER em códigos SQL-Relacional e aborde restrições como: Participação em Relacionamento, Disjunção e Completude em Herança ou Categoria são transformadas em estruturas SQL-Relacional. Neste contexto, visando dar uma contribuição às limitações mencionadas, esta dissertação apresenta duas macros contribuições: 1) um Catálogo de regras para transformar um esquema EER em um esquema Relacional e este em código SQL; e 2) um algoritmo que especifica uma ordem correta para a execução automática destas regras. De modo a mostrar a viabilidade e aplicação prática deste trabalho, o Catálogo de regras de transformação e o algoritmo para automatização do Catálogo são codificados na linguagem Query/View/Transformation-Relations (QVT-R) e implementados na ferramenta EERCASE. A avaliação do trabalho foi feita a partir da transformação de esquemas EER (não triviais) em códigos SQLRelacional, os quais são conferidos por especialistas de Banco de Dados. Por fim, comparando o trabalho proposto com os trabalhos relacionados investigados, constatou-se que o trabalho desta dissertação avança o estado da arte, pois é o único que é baseado em MDD e garante que as restrições de Participação em Relacionamento, Disjunção e Completude em Herança ou Categoria sejam automaticamente geradas para serem garantidas diretamente pelo Sistema de Gerenciamento de Banco de Dados. / Model Driven Development (MDD) is a paradigm for automatic generation of executable code that uses models as its primary artifact. In the database scope, despite the rules for transformation of Enhanced Entity Relationship (EER) schemas in code of Structured Query Language (SQL)-Relational have already been widely explored in the literature, we did not find a work that, at the same time, specifies MDD translators capable of transforming, automatically, EER schemas in SQL-Relational codes and addresses restrictions such as: Participation in Relationship, Disjunction and Completeness in Inheritance or Category are transformed into SQL-relational structures. In this context, in order to contribute for the mentioned limitations, this dissertation presents two macro contributions: 1) a rule Catalog to transform an EER schema into a Relational schema and this SQL code; and 2) an algorithm that specifies a correct order for the automatic enforcement of these rules. In order to show the feasibility and practical application of this work, the Catalog of transformation rules and the algorithm for Catalog automation are encoded in Query/View/TransformationRelations (QVT-R) language and implemented in EERCASE tool. The evaluation of the work was made from the processing of EER schemas (nontrivial) in SQL-Relational codes, which are conferred by database experts. Finally, comparing the proposed work with the related work investigated, it was found that the proposed work advances the state of the art, as it is the only one that is based on MDD and ensures that the restrictions on Participation in Relationship, Disjunction in Inheritance and Completeness in Inheritance or Category are guaranteed by the Database Management System.