Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in English. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 316-350). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11551

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 2006. / Title from title page screen, viewed on May 17, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Christopher D. Breu (chair), Charles B. Harris, Hilary K. Justice. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 277-294) and abstract. Also available in print.

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iv, 79 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 77).

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duquesne University, 2005. / Title from document title page. Abstract included in electronic submission form. Includes bibliographical references (p. 236-250) and index.

<p>My dissertation, Wanderers in Contradiction. The Italian Road to Modernism (1903-1922), analyzes how a generation of intellectuals approach the cultural revolution brought by Modernism. In Chapter One, dedicated to Pirandello’s essay On Humor, modernist themes, such as the perception of life as an unstoppable and unrepresentable flux, are examined in the Italian work that best represents them in the context of nineteenth-century ‘negative thought.’ Chapter Two, which is devoted to the writings of Giovanni Papini and Giuseppe Prezzolini, and Chapter Three, in which I focus on the work of Ardengo Soffici and Aldo Palazzeschi, analyze the ‘positive’ response to Modernism. These intellectuals highlighted how the cultural crisis was an opportunity to reject dangerous forms of essentialism, and opened the way for a new form of art committed to the representation of contingency. Conversely, Chapter Four, which deals with Giovanni Boine and Piero Jahier, and Chapter Five, on Scipio Slataper and Carlo Michelstaedter, illustrate the ‘negative’ reaction to the modernist crisis of values. These authors, who abandoned a purely epistemological perspective in favor of a religious or ethical one, manifest an anti-modernist thread within Modernism itself. Therefore, my research contributes to three different general areas of scholarship: literature, philosophy, and history. Broadly speaking, it advances the understanding of Italian culture and the way Italian intellectuals participate in and are influenced by European interactions. It also engages with philosophical debates concerning the crisis of metaphysical Foundations, including the role of Italian writers in this process.</p> / Dissertation

Orientador: José Leonardo do Nascimento / Banca: Omar Khouri / Banca: Fabíola Cristina Alves / Resumo: Essa pesquisa analisa as relações existentes entre a série História de Ismael Nery e seu sistema filosófico, nomeado Essencialismo. Na série executada em 1932, e composta por cerca de dezesseis desenhos à nanquim, nota-se uma aproximação à estética do surrealismo, no entanto, suas produções desde 1926 parecem estar coadunadas ao seu sistema filosófico, e, evidenciar a estruturação de seu projeto estético. Através da iconologia foi analisada a ocorrência desse binômio: estética e filosofia; por meio da revisão bibliográfica foram atualizados seus dados biográficos a fim de elucidar incongruências historiográficas. Além das composições, foram também analisadas as poesias de Ismael Nery, as quais da mesma forma comprovam o pensamento filosófico do artista e refletem as pinturas como um espelho da representação artística. A fim de, compreender e comprovar o essencialismo na história de Ismael Nery, e, sua importância na construção do imaginário artístico no modernismo brasileiro. Como suporte teórico-metodológico utilizado para as análises contamos com os pressupostos de E. Panofsky. / Abstract: This research investigate the existing relations between the series Ismael Nery's History and his philosophical system, named Essentialism. In this 1932 series, constituted of about sixteen drawings in Indian ink, it can be noted a closeness to the aesthetics of surrealism, however, his productions since 1926 seemed to be connected to his philosophical system and they seem to indicate an structure of his aesthetic project. Through the iconology it was analyzed both his aesthetic and his philosophy; through the bibliographical revision his biographical dates were update aiming at revealing some historiographic inconsistencies. Besides the compositions, Ismael Nery's poetry were also analyzed, which on the same way prove the philosophical thoughts of the artist and they reflect the paintings, as a mirror of the artistic representation. The essentialism in the history of Ismael Nery could be better understood and comprehended and, above all, his importance in the artistic imagery in the Brazilian Movement. As theoretical-methodological framework for the analyses it was used the concepts of E. Panofsky. / Mestre

Orientadora: Silvia Maria Azevedo / Banca: Marcos Antonio de Moraes / Banca: Altamir Botoso / Banca: Gilberto Figueiredo Martins / Banca: Fabiano Rodrigo da Silva Santos / Resumo: Partindo de pressupostos teóricos do Comparatismo como forma de investigação que se situa "entre" os objetos que analisa, e dos conceitos de releitura tão característicos da Modernidade, este trabalho propõe o estabelecimento de relações entre o romance Amar, verbo intransitivo (1927) de Mário de Andrade (1893-1945), que tem como subtítulo a designação de "Idílio" e obras de Teócrito, Gessner e B. de Saint-Pierre, pertencentes ao mesmo gênero literário, tomando como ponto de partida a questão do gênero. Este procedimento tem como objetivos verificar não somente a procedência do ceticismo da crítica literária em relação a este subtítulo, como também as razões que levaram o autor a utilizá-lo e a mantê-lo até mesmo na versão final da obra. Neste percurso, o próprio gênero literário "Idílio" também se constitui como objeto de estudo deste trabalho, pois as obras acima citadas revelam não somente um gênero literário ativo e em evolução desde a Antiguidade greco-romana até o Sec. XX, mas também um gênero que se manifesta tanto na poesia quanto na prosa, mais especificamente, no gênero romance. / Abstract: Based on postulates of comparative literature, that places itself between the objects analyzed, and new readings of traditional works, so dear to Modernity, this thesis aims at establishing relations between Mario de Andrade's (1893-1945) novel "Amar, verbo intransitivo" (1927), subtitled "Idílio", and works from Teocritus, Gessner and B. de Saint Pierre belonging to the same literary gender, at the same time that considers the questions involving this specific gender. This procedure aims at verifying not only why literary criticism has been so skeptical in relation to the subtitle "Idílio", but also the author's reasons in giving and maintaining it even in the final version of the work. In this way, also the literary gender "Idyll" becomes the object of study of the present thesis, as the works cited above reveal not only an active gender evolving from the Antiquity until the XXth century, but also a gender represented both in poetry and prose, in this case in the novel. These prerogatives determine a choice of a critical apparatus that makes possible to consider the literary gender in question as well as a theory of the novel capable of bringing together periods, authors and literary works so distinct among themselves. Bakhtin's approach to literary gender, including the "Idyll" itself, as well as Schiller's essay On Naïve and Sentimental Poetry, in view of the specific analysis of genre potential and its relevance in the construction of a modern poetic, offer the theoretical basis on which the present thesis is anchored / Doutor

abstract: Self-awareness and liberation often start with an analysis of the relationship between individual and society, a relationship based on the delicate balance of personal desire and responsibility to others. While societal structures, such as family, tradition, religion, and community, may be repressive to individuals, they also provide direction, identity and meaning to an individual's life. In Kate Chopin's The Awakening and André Gide's L'Immoraliste the protagonists are faced with such a dilemma. Often informed by gender roles and socio-economic class, the container or filter that society offers to shape and mediate human experience is portrayed in both novels as a fictitious self donned for society's benefit --can seem repressive or inadequate. Yet far from being one-dimensional stories of individuals who eschew the bonds of a restrictive society, both novels show that liberation can lead to entrapment. Once society's limits are transgressed, the characters face the infinitude and insatiety of their liberated desires and the danger of self-absorption. Chopin and Gide explore these issues of desire, body, and social authority in order to portray Edna's and Michel's search for an authentic self. The characters' search for authenticity allows for the loosening of restriction and embrace of desire and the body, phenomena that appear to liberate them from the dominant bourgeois society. Yet, for both Edna and Michel, an embrace of the body and individual desire threatens to unsettle the balance between individual and society. As Edna and Michel break away from society's prescribed path, both struggle to find themselves. Edna and Michel become aware of themselves in a variety of different ways: speaking and interacting with others, observing the social mores of those around them and engaging in creative activity, such as, for Edna, painting and planning a dinner party, or for Michel, teaching and writing. Chopin's 1899 novel The Awakening and André Gide's 1902 novel L'Immoraliste explore the consequences of individual liberation from the constricting bonds of religion, society, and the family. In depicting these conflicts, the authors examine the relationship between individual and society, freedom and restraint, and what an individual's relationship to his or her community should be. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. French 2011

Dans des contextes communs de guerres et de révolutions scientifiques, les représentations qui fondent, et parfois hantent, l’imaginaire d’auteurs de l’époque baroque et du début du vingtième siècle présentent des similitudes. Images d’un monde renversé, où les espaces, les êtres et les instants se reflètent, où l’instabilité et la mutabilité sont des lois régissant toute chose, les scènes et décors des trois œuvres du corpus se substituent à l’harmonie du monde, celle du Créateur, telle que la Bible la décrit. Espace, personnages, temps vécu apparaissent à travers un prisme qui renvoie à leurs doubles, diffractés, reflétés d’abord dans la machine de la mémoire involontaire. La réalité se change dès lors en réalités, les lieux en impressions d’un ailleurs, les amis en chimères, tous faisant l’objet d’études et d’interprétations sans cesse réévaluées. Dans une écriture où les vues s’accumulent et se superposent, Marcel Proust et Virginia Woolf n’en finissent pas de prolonger les impressions, circonvolutions, arabesques qui diffèrent sans cesse la conclusion du récit, au profit du spectacle d’événements sensibles et de voyages de héros à travers les strates du temps vécu. Personnages en mouvement, Orlando et le Narrateur courent à la recherche de la chair du temps, qu’ils semblent trouver dans leur ombre et dans le frisson d’un instant, selon des modalités extatiques que Le Bernin ou Le Caravage ont représentées dans leur art respectif. Faits de mondes d’apparences, d’illusions, Sodome et Gomorrhe, Le Temps retrouvé ou Orlando ne sont pourtant pas des textes faisant l’apologie du scepticisme et du renoncement à une certaine forme d’essence : encore faut-il qu’elle soit éclatante et advienne dans la beauté d’une image qui traduise la coïncidence d’une vision éphémère et d’une création poétique offerte aux temps à venir. / In common contexts of wars and scientific revolutions, the representations that melt, and sometimes haunt, the imaginary of writers of the Baroque and early twentieth century are similar. Images of an inverted world, where spaces, beings and moments are reflected, where instability and mutability are laws governing everything, the scenes and scenery of the three works of the corpus replace the harmony of the world that of the Creator, as the Bible describes it.Space, characters, lived time appear through a prism that refers to their double, diffracted, reflected first in the machine of involuntary memory. Reality is then changed into realities, places into impressions of an elsewhere, friends in chimeras, all subject to studies and interpretations constantly reevaluated.In a writing where views accumulate and overlap, Marcel Proust and Virginia Woolf endlessly prolong the impressions, convolutions, arabesques that constantly differ the conclusion of the story, in favor of the spectacle of sensitive events and hero journeys through the strata of lived time.Characters in motion, Orlando and the Narrator run in search of the flesh of time, which they seem to find in their shadow and in the thrill of a moment, according to ecstatic modalities that Bernini or Caravaggio represented in their art respective.Facts of worlds of appearances, of illusions, Sodom and Gomorrah, The Time found or Orlando are not however texts making the apology of the skepticism and the renunciation of a certain form of essence: it is still necessary that it be brilliant and come into the beauty of an image that reflects the coincidence of an ephemeral vision and a poetic creation offered to the times to come.