Poor waste management is a major issue in Moldova today, why work has been made in several areas to resolve waste problems. Still, there is no organized form of sustainable waste management. In case of implementation of such a system, the citizens must know how to use the system and be aware of the consequences that are caused by poor waste management. As a part of this, waste management education in schools has an important role. Therefore this study seeks the relation between waste management and waste management education in schools in Chisinau and also how the conditions in society affect the waste management and waste management education. Based on this, some efforts regarding how waste management in schools can become more sustainable are described.Literature studies showed that an integrative whole-school approach regarding sustainability is a good approach for encouraging action competence in environmental problems, including waste management issues. In order to study the current conditions regarding waste management education and school waste management, four schools in Chisinau were visited where observations and interviews were made. Interviews were also made with some relevant authorities and organizations to complement collected information from school visits. Field studies showed that even though environmental education in Moldova to some extent has been implemented with an interdisciplinary strategy, there are several barriers that affect the effectiveness of this strategy. In addition, waste related problems were blamed on society rather than an insufficient waste management education in schools.The conclusion of the study is that a whole-school concept may be implemented in schools in Chisinau in order to make school waste management more sustainable. This way waste management is taught informally as part of the school environment. To implement this concept, internal and external effortswithin the areas school organization, equipment and education are suggested. A more extensive approach on educational improvements necessary for the concept’s effectiveness will be described in another study on the same topic performed by Julia Skagerberg. / Bristfällig avfallshantering är ett stort problem i Moldavien idag. Åtgärder har gjorts inom flera områden för att nå en lösning på avfallsproblem relaterade till detta, dock finns det fortfarande ingen organiserad form av hållbar avfallsantering. Utifall ett sådant system implementeras så behöver invånarna veta hur de använder systemet. De behöver också vara medvetna om de konsekvenser som orsakas av bristfällig avfallshantering. I detta har utbildningen om avfallshantering i skolor en viktig roll. Den här studien söker relationen mellan avfallshantering och utbildning om avfallshantering i skolor i Chisinau och även hur samhällets förutsättningar påverkar avfallshantering och utbildning om avfallshantering. Baserat på detta ges några förslag på åtgärder som kan bidra till att avfallshanteringen i skolorna i Chisinau kan bli mer hållbar.Litteraturstudierna visade att utbildning om hållbar utveckling bör integreras genom en helskolsmodell för att studenter ska få utveckla handlingskraft gällande miljöproblem, inklusive avfallshanteringsproblem. För att studera de nuvarande förutsättningarna gällande avfallshantering samt utbildning om avfallshantering i skolor så besöktes fyra skolor i Chisinau, där observationer och intervjuer gjordes. Intervjuer gjordes också med några relevanta myndigheter och organisationer för att komplettera den insamlade informationen från skolbesöken. Fältstudierna visade att även om miljöutbildning i Moldavien till viss del har implementerats med en ämnesöverskridande strategi, så finns det ett flertal faktorer som påverkar strategins verkan. Samtidigt så beskylldes avfallsrelateradeproblemen ofta på samhället snarare än på en bristfällig utbildning om miljö och avfallshantering.Studiens slutsats är att en helskolsmodell kan implementeras i skolor i Chisinau för att göra avfallshanteringen mer hållbar. Genom detta kan avfallshantering läras ut informellt, som en del av skolmiljön. För att implementera denna modell föreslås några åtgårder inom områdena skolorganisation, utrustning och utbildning. En mer utförlig redogörelse för nödvändiga utbildningsmässiga förbättringar, som krävs för att modellen ska fungera optimalt, kommer beskrivas i en annan studie på samma ämne utförd av Julia Skagerberg.

This research explains how does the interaction between foreign and domestic policy domains take place and how it influences domestic political change. For this purpose, the cases of Armenia, Georgia and Moldova are analysed with specific focus on the external influence of Russia and the European Union. Consequently, this study traces the interaction between domestic and international actors at the light of the broader regional context, including the Eurasian Economic Union and the European Union. The research uses the analytical tool defined by Morlino (2011), with theoretical contributions from social constructivism and historical institutionalism in order to emphasize the need to contextualise the actions, preferences and identities of domestic actors in a broader historical perspective, which acknowledges the relevance of past legacies. Following the analytical tool, suggested by Morlino (2011), the research focuses on institutional reforms in Rule of Law, Inter-Institutional and Electoral Accountability, in addition to Participation and Competition as horizontal dimensions. A combination of process- tracing and network analysis provides insight on the strategies of domestic and international actors intervening in the reform processes.The research argues that the increased competition between the European Union and Russia is used by different domestic elite groups to strengthen their power positions and as an opportunity to diversify the foreign policy relations in the case of relatively small economic partners as Armenia, Georgia and Moldova. Such strategy is pursued through the development of focused relations with each international partner, while avoiding an exclusive geopolitical choice. Therefore, the EU is a preferred partner in democracy support, development of institutional capacities and trade; while Russia’s collaboration is sought in fields as trade, energy, etc). In addition, the EU and Russia have developed more flexible approaches in the relations with their neighbours. The EU seeks a more pragmatic geopolitically-informed approach in addition to its traditional normative role. On the other hand, Russia adopts a mimicking strategy of Western normative policies in support of its identity-based approach towards Russian-speaking communities in addition to its traditional geopolitical use of regional interdependencies for influencing the choices of the its neighbours. / Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The European Union is one of the most significant international actors whose institutional character and specific conduct of foreign policy make it an interesting object of study. It creates robust policies and programmes to frame relations with both the Member States, as well as with neighbouring countries. The European Neighbourhood Policy, and the Eastern Partnership specifically, is one such example. Even though the ENP was formally designed as a policy of non - membership, the communication of the EU's stance tends to refrain from framing it that way. Consequently, this creates a situation in which the neighbouring state continues to aspire to become a member of the EU, despite lack of reform progress, in hope of a "membership delay". The thesis addresses this discrepancy on the example of the relationship between the EU and the Republic of Moldova after the signature of the Association Agreement by interpreting its development and by assessing how the EU uses its normative power to Europeanize Moldova. Keywords Normative power, Europeanization, EU-enlargement, the European Union, the Republic of Moldova

This diploma thesis deals with the relations between European Union and Republic of Moldova. It presents the EU as a unique entity within European territory, which influences its neighbourhood through "soft power", i. e. through peaceful means. Although such means are not binding and legally enforceable, they have certain impact on countries concerned. The thesis aims at examining to what extent the Republic of Moldova is influenced by these means. A special attention is given to transmission of those values and norms, which are the most important for EU (democracy, rule of law, human rights protection, etc.). The issue is seen from a social constructivist perspective.

One in two home care workers in Sweden express a desire to leave their jobs. Home care provision and needs assessment increasingly work according to an assembly line logic, depriving care assistants and assistance officers of discretion, and putting care recipients at risk for social exclusion and neglectance. A field study of Moldovan home care indicates, in comparison, that admitting care workers a higher level of autonomy and self-determination contributes to the attractivity of social work and higher quality for beneficiaries, but the dominant care logic in Sweden is instead one of proletarianization: both needs assessment and home care interventions are organised according to manuals, forms, guidelines, and digital recording and scheduling logics. Drawing on findings in Moldova, further research into the role of discretion in social work with elderly is suggested. Findings also indicate that manual-based needs assessment risks resulting in people-production as formulated by Holstein.

Diploma thesis "Remittances and their impact on Eastern Europe" examines the phenomenon of remittances as part of global migration and its having been largely economically motivated and having a positive impact on poverty alleviation. The chosen approach is empirical-analytical methodology. The paper suggests several motivations leading to migration and remittances as well as some positive impacts and risks affecting the senders, receivers as well as the beneficiary economies of remittances. This thesis offers an overview of both all principal source countries and the main corridors of remittance flow. The paper analyses three countries from the former eastern block - Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Moldova - and the reasons which have lead to migration and remitting in these states in relation to their economic transformation from centrally planned to market economies. The analysis considers many factors such as the regional financial crisis in 1998 as well as the ethnically based military conflict which occurred due to the disintegration process in the former Yugoslavia. These issues influence not only the scale of remittances flow but also expand the variety of the senders which commonly include both refugees and Diasporas. Lastly, this thesis presents some possible scenarios related to the...

Extensive emigration from post-soviet countries is caused mainly by unfavorable economic and social conditions, which is the source of the preporderant economic motive of Ukrainian and Moldovan migrants to another country. Mainly for the purpose of easier immigration to the Czech Republic, social networks and links are being built and maintained in geographically dispersed places. Their indispensability in the migration process lies in obtaining information, access to valuable resources and retention of psychological support. Due to the expansion of communication technologies and increasingly favorable conditions for travelling, social networks and ties are gradually developing. The submitted diploma thesis explores the influence of social networks on international migration and the success of the integration of Ukrainian and Moldovan migrants in the Czech Republic. The social networks of migrants are tested in terms of their intensity in the country of origin and in the destination country, and at the same time the financial remittance and transnationalization behavior is targeted. The impact of social networks on migration is analyzed by a quantitative method based on the answers from a questionnaire survey with a selection using the ,,snow-ball" method (data for this research were obtained and...

This thesis investigates the role of regional organizations in peacemaking and peacekeeping, particularly on the effects of peace agreement duration. This is important because the United Nations has been traditionally seen as the default international peacekeeping force but recently, more responsibility is being given to regional organizations. This study hypothesizes that regional organizations’ ability to clear commitment problems, create specific agreements, and willingness to enforce agreements make them the most effective third parties to deal with many conflicts. However, the study also hypothesizes that regional organizations are less fit to mediate conflicts based around ethnicity, identity, or religious disparities. By utilizing a mixture of logistic regression and case studies, the results illustrate that regional organizations are an essential asset to creating agreements that elongate the duration of peace. In testing for the partiality of regional organizations, the specifics of agreements made, the willingness and capabilities of enforcement, the reason for the conflict and the institutionalization of the organization, quantitative and qualitative results illustrate that regional organizations are a valid tool for conflict management

E-payment paradigm in the context of fighting corruption and increasing transparency at the public-sector authority’s level is becoming more important than ever especially for Eastern Europe. The present research will address how an electronic payment system is affecting the diffusion of innovation among online public services, settling the challenges at the government level, providing solutions for diminishing the money laundering in the country and all other associated problems. Diffusion of innovations theory had been investigated by many scholars in different industries and countries. The research implication is to generate general knowledge by fulfilling the literature gap related to electronic payment systems in the public sector and diffusion of innovations. The research aim is to provide (1) an extensive literature review to gain familiarity principally on the diffusion of innovation theory, secondary on government electronic payment systems and cashless societies; (2) collect, explore and analyze empirical evidence related to the perceived attributes of diffusion of innovations theory and the rate of adoption of e-payment system designed for public services from the perspective of consumers, public service providers, and payment operators; (3) answer the research questions by the aid of the diffusion of innovation theory, and measure the rates of adoption of public e-payment systems by using an case study approach, the researchers analyzed the case of Moldova and the Governmental Payment Gateway MPay, one of the initiatives launched by the Public Institution e-Government Center.  The interpretivism research paradigm was adopted for the research, and an exploratory case study methodology is implemented to gain insights, familiarity with the subject, and acquire more knowledge in the concepts and theoretical frameworks that are related to the research problem and question.

L’objet de cette recherche est la situation des Tsiganes de Bessarabie sous trois administrations :tsariste (1812-1918), roumaine (1918-1940, 1941-1944) et soviétique (1940-1941, 1944-156). Au niveau macro, nous nous sommes intéressés plus principalement à la politique des « villages tsiganes » qui est selon nous la plus révélatrice d’une continuité entre les trois administrations. Au niveau micro, nous avons suivi le parcours de quelques villages du centre et du sud de la Bessarabie sous ces trois administrations. <p>En schématisant, on peut affirmer que le régime tsariste a appliqué en Bessarabie une politique de sédentarisation forcée par ségrégation. Nous l’illustrons par le cas des « villages tsiganes » de Kair et Faraonovka. L’administration roumaine pendant la dictature d’Antonescu a appliqué une politique de déportation en dehors des frontières historiques de la Roumanie, même si au départ il était question de créer des « villages tsiganes » dans la région de Baragan dans la partie sud-est du pays. Le régime soviétique a opté pour une politique de ségrégation forcée par assimilation.<p> / Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished