This diploma thesis is focused on children with grafomotorics problems at preschool age, especially on inappropriate grip of handwriting tools. The target was to put together and implement in practice the intervention programme focused on fine motor skills development. Based on the results of testing tasks evaluating the degree of children grafomotorics skills the three significant groups were made. The first group (control group) was comprised of children without noticeable grafomotorics skills problems. The other two groups were comprised of children with grafomotorics skills problems (experimental groups). One of the experimental group was target of mentioned tranining programme for fine motor skills development. At the programme end all three significant groups were again examined by criterion-referenced test. The impact of intervention programme and its implementation in practice under everyday conditions of nursery school was discussed.

Magister Scientiae (Occupational Therapy) - MSc(OT) / The aim of this study was to explore the use of play with toddlers who are HIV positive to facilitate play, playfulness and sensory-motor development. The objectives were to explore how the therapist facilitated play, to explore how the child responded to the intervention, to explore how playfulness manifested as a facilitatory strategy and to explore how playfulness manifested as a response. A qualitative approach framed the case study research method with three participants between the ages of twelve months and three years. The main source of data was a record of the play-based intervention with the three participants. Additional data was obtained from participant observation of the children's responses to the play-based intervention, and hospital and occupational therapy record notes. A theory analytical strategy was used by coding data using theoretic propositions inductively. Each case was first analyzed individually, and then an analysis was made across the cases. Qualitative analysis of the data was done manually by coding, seeking categories and eliciting emergent themes by using an analytical strategy of theoretical propositions and an analytical technique of explanation building. Coding was done inductively, using theoretical constructs from the occupation by design, namely the elements of appeal, intactness and accuracy. Signs of playfulness were coded according to evidence of the elements of playfulness, namely perception of control, intrinsic motivation, suspension of reality or framing were evident in the data. Findings of the study were reported under two themes: Playful enablement - the therapist and Engaging, playing and developing - the child. / South Africa

The purpose of this study was to explore the question: does the use of a videotaped recording of a nursing student's performance of a psychomotor skill, with subsequent review by the student, enhance that student's performance? In order to answer this question, a quasi-experimental study was carried out. The psychomotor skill selected for testing was that of transferring a client from a bed to a wheelchair. Prior to the study, subjects had completed a learning module on the skill. Sixteen first year baccalaureate nursing students were randomly placed into an experimental or comparison group. Following this, the investigator taught the specified skill employing the teaching techniques of demonstration and discussion. A videotape was made of all subjects performing the skill to provide a data base and determine sample homogeneity. The two groups then received their respective feedback treatments. Eight students in the experimental group received a videotape of their performance, along with a performance check-list to assist them in the review of their videotapes. Eight students in the comparison group received teacher feedback during their skill performance. The teacher was guided by the same performance check-list used by the experimental group subjects. After a period of eleven or twelve days, depending on the group, the experimental and comparison groups returned for a final videotaped test performance. Seven subjects in each group completed the test performance. A questionnaire was completed by the fourteen subjects at this time. This was an attempt to gather data on selected characteristics of the learner, believed to affect psychomotor skill learning. Students did not view the data base or final test performance videotapes. One rater scored these performances using the performance check-list. The scores were compared to determine similarities and differences between the videotaped feedback and teacher feedback groups. The questionnaire responses were tabulated and interpreted within the analysis of the score results. When the gain scores between the data base and final test performances were compared, no significant differences were found between the experimental and comparison groups. Analysis of the data base mean scores revealed that no significant differences existed between the groups. This indicated sample homogeneity before the feedback treatments were given. Gain scores within each group did not show significant differences. With the lack of significant differences in the gain scores between groups, it was concluded that videotaped performance feedback was as effective as teacher feedback. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Nursing, School of / Graduate

The purpose of this annotated bibliography is to map children’s consequences, positive and negative, from motor development and how these refer to the Swedish school subject physical education (PE). Two research questions are used: (1) What positive respectively negative impacts follow a sophisticated or underdeveloped motor competence for children?, and (2) What relationship do such impacts have in a holistic perspective for PE? Through a systematic information retrieval from several databases, 12 primary sources are selected, summarized and scrutinized to answer the aforementioned research questions. The sources consist of international and national studies, dissertations and journal articles ranging back to 2003. The result section outlines each of the 12 sources from a critical standpoint. A summary of each study's purpose, method and results is presented. The results showed a connection between increased PE and improved motor development in preschool children. Physically active children were found further promoting their motor development. Moreover, motor development had an exponential development curve and if facilitated early, showed a snowball effect on its peers. Several cognitive advantages were presented.  A connection between motor skills and academic achievement was shown, namely in reading, from enhanced visual motor skills and mathematics from more efficiently processing abstract information. Further affected areas are elaborated on. Several studies found significant superiority among boys compared to girls. Explanations why, for example lack of social encouragement, were provided. In a school setting motor development is further perplexed from relative age effect and students’ varying skills. Early childhood and puberty stages further intensify this. Deliberate training promotes motor development, thus structured, planned and conscious teaching is critical as well as the educated PE teacher. Motor skills and their development are a convoluted problem, and they entail real consequences.

Title: The evaluation of overarm throw in elementary school children using two selected methodologies Work objectives: The diploma thesis aim is to determine and assess the level of overarm throw technique in 1st and 2nd grade of elementary school using two different evaluation methods meda by Haywood and Getchell (2014) and Haibach, Reid and Collier (2011). The results of the evaluation of overarm throw by the methodology of Haywood and Getchell (2014) will then be compared with the results of the evaluation of the diploma theses created by Maryšková (2007) and Králová (2014). The sub-objective is to create an overview of the evaluation of product and process of overarm throw and to determine whether the methodology of evaluating the overarm throw according to Haibachová, Reid and Collier (2011) can be applied to children of elementary school in Czech conditions. Methodology: The study involved 70 probands, of which 35 boys and 35 girls, attending 1st and 2nd grade of elementary school. Monitoring the movement level of the overarm throw was realized by the method of participatory observation. Probands conducted three attempts in the defined area. Two digital video cameras were used for recording for more detailed analysis of motion using selected methodologies. The camera was statically placed to...

Title: Comparing the results of fitness tests of young gymnasts with the values recommended by FIG Objectives: The objective of this work is to compare the results of selected motoric tests from the official material of FIG with the same tests measured with young gymnasts in a sports facility called Jojo Gym in Dobřichovice. Methods: The thesis is of comparative character - the results of motoric tests presented in the official materials of FIG are compared with the measured values of young gymnasts at a structured performance level. The major method used to obtain the data from motoric tests is measurement. Selected gymnastics tests are targeted mainly at the diagnosis of speed-strength skills and flexibility. It is a one-time measurement. Results: Except for one test, the gymnasts did not reach the values given in the official materials of FIG. The formulated academic question was confirmed mainly by the fitness tests 1 to 4, when the groups with lower practice intensity reached significantly worse results in comparison with the group with higher practice intensity. Keywords: gymnastics, talented youth, FIG, motoric skills

TITLE: The physical condition of badminton players AUTHOR: Kateřina Hejdrychová DEPARTMENT: Katedra tělesné výchovy PedF UK SUPERVISOR: PaedDr. Ladislav Pokorný ABSTRACT: This diploma thesis deals with the composition of fitness training of badminton players. The first part of the thesis theoretically describes the development of individual motor skills and their application and inclusion in the training process of badminton. In the second part, an evaluation of the psychical condition of adolescent and junior national team players and badminton players is performed. The psychical condition was examined using a test battery in cooperation with the Czech Badminton Association. The results of the thesis are annotated results of individual groups of players. KEYWORDS: Badminton, psychical condition, gross motor skills, testing

My diploma thesis consists of a theoretical part, which deals with fine motor skills, capabilities and motor learning. I am dedicating myself to divide motor capabilities and skills into separate parts and their progress, particularly the progress of an individual. It also deals with the influence and significance of physical activities to an individual's health and I am also defining the physical activities at a primary school. The following part of my diploma thesis contains a short text about testing motor skills at a primary school. Another part of my diploma thesis is a research, in which the level of movement skills of specific students of the primary school is tested by a test battery UNIFITTEST (6-60), and their lifestyles are questioned in questionnaires. I ask investigative questions and hypotheses. This part also contains tables with acquired results, data processing in graphs and results of questionnaires of chosen participants. I compare the results with statistical tables for boys and girls of the age. The last part of the diploma thesis contains a practical part which explains and answers questions from the research and it also validates or disproves said supposals. We can find an analysis, a validation and how results can be used in pedagogical practice, because I currently teach...

Diplomová práce Hodnocení motorických dovedností dětí s OI Abstract The thesis deals with the assessment of motor skills and quality of life in children with osteogenesis imperfecta. The theoretical part summarizes aetiopathogenesis, clinical features, kinesiological abnormalities and the treatment strategies. A particular part describes therapeutic interventions during the various stages of childhood with an alignment to multidisciplinary cooperation. Furthermore, tests of motor skills and quality of life are presented. The practical part assesses the applicability of the BOT-2 for the evaluation of motor skills and PedsQL for the evaluation of the quality of life in children with OI. Moreover, the BOT-2 standardized test score evaluates and compares motor skills and quality of life in children with osteogenesis imperfecta to their peers. Contemporaneously, it investigates the effect of motor skills on the quality of life in children with OI. Based on the results the thesis confirms the hypothesis - worsened both gross motor skills and fine motor skills and the dependency of quality of life on the level of motor skills. The discussion part deals with the feasibility of BOT-2 and PedsQL for the assessment of children with OI, it comments the main limitations of children with OI, and based on up-to-date...

Tidigare forskning påvisar att det förekommer mycket stillasittande när barn befinner sig på förskolan och är barn fysiskt aktiva är det främst i utomhusmiljön. Forskningen visar även att få barn utveckla de grundläggande motoriska färdigheterna i tidig ålder kan det förbättra barns sociala beteende samt den kognitiva utvecklingen. Vidare visar forskning genom att  inomhusmiljö på förskolan förändras så barnen får röra sig fritt kan det leda till att barn vill vara mer fysiskt aktiva.    Syftet med studien var därför att ge en djupare förståelse för hur förskollärare arbetar med olika rörelseaktiviteter i inomhusmiljö på förskolan för att utveckla barnens motoriska färdigheter. Vidare undersöktes hur förskollärare ser på sin egen roll i arbete med rörelseaktiviteter inomhus och deras beskrivningar av vilken betydelse det sociala samspelet har för barnens utveckling av motoriska färdigheter genom rörelseaktiviteter. Studien utgick från en kvalitativ metod där insamlingen av empiri utfördes genom intervjuer med sex olika förskollärare.   Den insamlade empirin har analyserats utifrån ett sociokulturellt perspektiv där den proximala utvecklingszonen, scaffolding och mediering stått i fokus. Resultatet visar att samtliga förskollärare i studien utförde rörelseaktiviteter i inomhusmiljön. De ansåg att när de utförde olika rörelseaktiviteter tillsammans med barnen var syftet att barnen skulle få utveckla sina grundläggande motoriska färdigheter.    Resultatet visar att förskollärarna anser att genom stöttning och att de själv är aktiva i rörelseaktiviteter tillsammans med barnen kan förskollärare vara ett föredöme och motivera barnen till att delta i det sociala samspelet. Slutsatsen vilken kan dras från resultatet, utifrån den teoretiska utgångspunkten, är att förskollärares uppmuntran samt den språkliga och fysiska kommunikation bidrar till att barn utvecklas vidare och lär sig att behärska nya motoriska färdigheter.