Svenska Fotbollförbundet vill att idrottsföreningarna i fotboll ska fungera väl och få fler samt rätt utbildade ledare. För att idrottaren ska fortsätta träna och behålla motivationen är det viktigt att ledaren lyssnar till idrottarens behov, kunskap och förväntningar. Det är också viktigt för tränaren att vara medveten om vad idrottaren önskar för ledarskapsbeteende för att skapa tillfredställande upplevelser och optimera spelarnas prestationer. Föreliggande studie undersöker därför vilket ledarskapsbeteende som önskas och uppfattas av fotbollspelare samt diskrepansen mellan önskvärt och uppfattat ledarskapsbeteende och sambandet med tillfredsställelse. Metoden som användes var följande. I studien inkluderades enkäter från 87 manliga (n=49) och kvinnliga (n=38) svenska fotbollsspelare i division tre till sex. Två svenska varianter av Leadership Scale for Sports och tre dimensioner från Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire. Datan analyserades med icke parametrisk korrelation enligt Spearman`s rho och med deskriptiv analys. Resultatet visade att det mest önskade och uppfattade ledarskapsbeteendet var Positiv återkoppling följt av Träning & instruktion. Huvudresultatet visar att en liten uppmätt skillnad mellan önskvärt och uppfattat av ledarskapsbeteendena Träning & instruktion (r = -,523, p<0.01), Positiv återkoppling (r = -.423, p<0.01) och Socialt stöd (r = -.252, p<0.05), var för sig korrelerar med högt uppmätt värde av tillfredställelse. Det finns en trend mot korrelation mellan diskrepansen för önskvärt och uppfattat Demokratiskt ledarskapsbeteende (r = -.212) och tillfredställelse. Uppmätta skillnader mellan önskvärt Auktoritärt ledarskapsbeteende och uppfattat Auktoritärt ledarskapsbeteende (r = -.004) och tillfredställelse visar inte någon signifikant korrelation. Mer forskning behövs för att öka förståelsen för hur ledare kan vara för att förbättra tillfredsställelsen och prestationen hos fotbollsspelare. Resultatet diskuteras och analyseras mot tidigare forskning och förslag på framtida forskning presenteras. / The study investigates preferred and perceived leadership behaviour by soccer players, as well as the discrepancy between preferred and perceived leadership behaviour and the relationship with satisfaction. The study included surveys of 87 male (n = 49) and female (n = 38) Swedish soccer players in division three to six. Two Swedish versions of the Leadership Scale for Sports and three dimensions of the Athlete Satisfaction Questionnaire was used. The data was analysed with the nonparametric correlation according to Spearman`s rho and descriptive analysis. The most preferred and perceived leadership behaviour was Positive Feedback followed by Training & Instruction. The main result of the study was that a small discrepancy between preferred and perceived leadership behaviours Training & Instruction (r = -, 523, p <0:01), Positive Feedback (r = -.423, p <0:01) and Social Support (r = -.252; p <0.05), respectively correlates athlete Satisfaction. There is a trend towards correlation between discrepancy of preferred and perceived Democratic Leadership behaviour (r = -.212) and athlete Satisfaction. More research is needed to increase understanding of how leaders might be to improve the Satisfaction and Performance to athletes in soccer. The result is discussed and analysed with previous research and suggestions for future research are presented.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T13:16:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 1686552 bytes, checksum: f40328960349e1ad122981dffddc13a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Although leadership is a widely studied phenomenon by researchers in the social sciences, little is known about its effects in the sport context. Leadership has been neglected, especially in school sports. On the other hand, school sports have absorbed great investments to develop new athletes and promote the health of sport practitioners. In this context, the coach (leader) plays a key role, because his behavior influences, positively or negatively, the athletes' performance and psychological well-being. This study is based on the Multidimensional Model of Leadership, proposed by Chelladurai (1978, 2007), and had as its main objective to analyze the relationship between coaches' leadership and school athletes' satisfaction. The specific objectives were: (1) to make a descriptive and comparative study of coaches' leadership behavior and athletes' satisfaction; (2) to verify the correlation between the leadership perceived by the athletes and coaches self-perceived leadership; (3) to test the hypothesis of congruence of leadership with satisfaction and (4) to prepare an explanatory model of the athletes' satisfaction from the coach's leadership behavior. The sample consisted of 466 athletes with an average age of 16.16 (SD=0.79) and 57 coaches with an average age of 37.91 (SD = 9.52), participants of the 2012 National School Games, held by the organization of the Brazilian Olympic Committee. The athletes completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Leadership Scale in Sports (preference and perception versions) and the Athlete's Satisfaction Questionnaire (leadership version). The coaches, instead, completed the sociodemographic questionnaire the Leadership Scale in Sports (self-perception version). The analysis of internal consistency and factor analysis confirmed the psychometric validity of instruments. The intra- and inter-group comparisons (according to gender and modality type) showed differences in a few leadership and satisfaction dimensions. However, there was no difference between the responses of athletes and coaches, suggesting that there is an agreement on the behavior displayed by the coach. The results of the regression analysis partially support the hypothesis that the athletes' satisfaction is dependent on the congruence between athletes' preferred and perceived coaches. Lastly, the model developed shows three dimensions of the coach's leadership behavior as explanatory variables of the athletes' satisfaction. / Embora a liderança seja um fenômeno amplamente estudado pelos pesquisadores das ciências sociais, seus efeitos no contexto esportivo ainda são pouco conhecidos. Sobretudo, a liderança no esporte escolar tem sido negligenciada. Por outro lado, o esporte escolar tem absorvido grandes investimentos para desenvolver novos atletas e promover a saúde de seus praticantes. Nesse contexto, o treinador (líder) exerce um papel fundamental, pois o seu comportamento influencia, positiva ou negativamente, o desempenho e o bem estar psicológico dos atletas. O presente estudo é baseado no Modelo Multidimensional de Liderança, proposto por Chelladurai (1978, 2007), e teve como objetivo geral analisar a relação entre a liderança dos treinadores e a satisfação de atletas escolares. Os objetivos específicos foram: (1) fazer uma análise descritiva e comparativa do comportamento de liderança dos treinadores e da satisfação dos atletas; (2) verificar a concordância entre a liderança percebida pelos atletas e a autopercebida pelos treinadores; (3) testar a hipótese da congruência da liderança com a satisfação e (4) elaborar um modelo explicativo da satisfação dos atletas a partir do comportamento de liderança do treinador. A amostra foi composta por 466 atletas com idade média de 16,16 (DP = 0,79) e 57 treinadores com idade média de 37,91 (DP = 9,52), participantes da etapa nacional das Olimpíadas Escolares 2012, realizada sob a organização do Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro. Os atletas responderam um questionário sócio demográfico, a Escala de liderança no Esporte (versões preferência e percepção) e o Questionário de Satisfação do Atleta (versão liderança). Já os treinadores responderam um questionário sócio demográfico e a Escala de liderança no Esporte (versão autopercepção). A análise da consistência interna e análise fatorial confirmaram a validade psicométrica dos instrumentos. As comparações intra e intergrupos (de acordo com sexo e tipo de modalidade) demonstraram diferenças em algumas dimensões da liderança e da satisfação. Porém, não houve diferença entre as respostas dos atletas e dos treinadores, sugerindo que há concordância sobre o comportamento apresentado pelo treinador. Os resultados das análises de regressão suportam parcialmente a hipótese de que a satisfação dos atletas é dependente da congruência entre o comportamento do treinador percebido e preferido pelos atletas. Por fim, o modelo elaborado apresenta três dimensões do comportamento de liderança do treinador como variáveis explicativas da satisfação dos atletas.