Hendrik Hofmeyr is considered one of the most important and influential living composers in South Africa. His music for solo saxophone is not well-known in the classical saxophone repertoire. His four works for solo saxophone (Concerto per saxofono contralto e orchestra, Concerto per saxofono baritono e orchestra, Partita canonica, and Necromancer) are substantial and terrific repertoire for the instrument. This study is intended to inform a saxophone performer's understanding of these compositions through analysis of form, melodic, and harmonic content relevant to performance; and, demonstrate through example the conclusions determined by the analysis about apparent compositional techniques in the music.

Detta är ett konstnärligt examensarbete där jag utforskar den grafiska linjen, en kvalitativ analysmetod som kartlägger musikens struktur, instrumentering, arrangemang och ljuddesign i en DAW. Arbetet utförs genom en kombination av musikproduktion, analys och teoretisk undersökning. Med fokus på elektronisk dansmusik (EDM) och dess snabba utveckling inom populärkulturen, analyserar jag tre EDM-låtar med den grafiska linjen i Ableton Live och skapar tre nya låtar baserade på dessa analyser. Syftet är att främja musikalisk praxis genom att identifiera viktiga processer och händelser i musiken samt att skapa verktyg för musikproduktion. Den grafiska linjen är en metod som har sitt ursprung i mitt behov att upptäcka mönster i den musik jag arbetar med. Genom denna forskning har jag kunnat artikulera min arbetsprocess och mina insikter i användningen av musikaliska mallar. För att fördjupa förståelsen av den grafiska linjens tillämpning inom EDM har jag integrerat tidigare forskning om tonalitet, rytm och andra musikaliska aspekter inom genren. Denna forskning bidrar till studien av elektronisk dansmusik och ger perspektiv på användningen av den grafiska linjen som ett verktyg för musikalisk utforskning och skapande. / In this artistic thesis project, I explore the graphic line, a qualitative analysis method that maps the structure, instrumentation, arrangement, and sound design of music in a DAW through a combination of music production, analysis, and theoretical inquiry. By focusing on electronic dance music (EDM) and its rapid evolution within popular culture, I analyzed three EDM tracks using the graphic line in Ableton Live and created three new tracks based on these analyses. The aim is to promote musical practice by identifying key processes and events in music and creating tools for music production. The graphic line is a method that originates from my need to discover patterns in the music I work with. Through this research, I have been able to articulate my workflow and insights into the use of musical templates. To deepen understanding of the graphic line's application within EDM, I have integrated previous research on tonality, rhythm, and other musical aspects within the genre. This research contributes to the study of electronic dance music and provides perspectives on the use of the graphic line as a tool for musical exploration and creation.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this project, contextual readings of four works by Arnold van Wyk are developed. They are the Symphony No. 1 in A Minor, the First String Quartet, the Duo Concertante and the Missa in illo tempore. These readings are grounded in richly detailed descriptions of the compositional processes, drawing on material such as sketches, autographs, diaries, correspondence and reception documents, as well as in structural analyses of Van Wyk’s music and of certain peer compositions. Each reading is set in a separate theoretical frame, resulting in a multi-perspectival consideration of Arnold van Wyk’s music that partakes in a range of current disciplinary discourses. The First Symphony is discussed in the discursive context of English Sibelianism, and Arnold van Wyk’s dialogue with Sibelius’s symphonic works is investigated through comparisons of Van Wyk’s and Sibelius’s applications of two-dimensional sonata form and tragic reversed sonata form. The reading so developed sheds new musical light on the difficulties of Van Wyk’s position as a colonial composer residing in the centre of a crumbling Empire. The compositional process of Van Wyk’s First String Quartet is described in juxtaposition with the compositional process of Bartók’s Sixth String Quartet, and the similarities and differences of the two narratives and the two compositions highlight a second aspect of Van Wyk’s colonial identity, namely the ambiguity of his return to South Africa from England, neither of which place could signify “home”. The reading of the Duo Concertante focuses on the Elegia from that work, interpreting the piece as part of a network of intertextual connections, including Van Wyk’s model for this piece, Martin Peerson’s (1580-1650) The Fall of the Leafe, Gerald Finzi’s Elegy for Orchestra Op. 20, entitled The Fall of the Leaf, as well as Van Wyk’s own theme for the Rondo of the Duo, to which he made various musical references in the Elegia which are associated with the concept of “prophecy”. This intertextual reading considers Van Wyk’s continuing problematic identification with the English musical culture and tradition, compounded by his uncomfortable place in the stifling cultural establishment of apartheid South Africa. Van Wyk’s Missa in illo tempore is interpreted in a post-apartheid context. The work purports to react to the conditions in London in 1945 at the end of the Second World War (when Van Wyk first started to work on it) as well as the conditions in apartheid South Africa in 1977-1979 (when he completed the work as a commission for the Stellenbosch Tercentenary Festival). The reading considers the ethics of art that intends to respond to situations of suffering, drawing on post-Holocaust art scholarship as a theoretical frame. In developing interpretations of compositions that have never been studied in such detail or with such theoretical rigour before, the thesis makes a significant contribution to Arnold van Wyk studies, and in its application of a range of methodological tools in order to construct poetic hermeneutic readings that are grounded in musical and contextual materials, it also represents a meaningful methodological innovation. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie projek word kontekstuele lesings van vier werke deur Arnold van Wyk ontwikkel. Hulle is die Simfonie Nr. 1 in A Mineur, die Eerste Strykkwartet, die Duo Concertante en die Missa in illo tempore. Hierdie lesings is gegrond in ryk-gedetailleerde beskrywings van die komposisieproses, waarby materiaal soos sketse, outograwe, dagboeke, korrespondensie en resepsiedokumente gebruik word, asook in strukturele analises van Van Wyk se musiek en van sekere eweknie-komposisies. Elke lesing word in ʼn afsonderlike teoretiese raamwerk gestel, sodat ʼn veelperspektiewelike oorweging van Arnold van Wyk se musiek resulteer wat deelneem aan ʼn verskeidenheid hedendaagse dissiplinêre diskoerse. Die Eerste Simfonie word bespreek in die diskursiewe konteks van Sibelianisme in Engeland, en Arnold van Wyk se dialoog met Sibelius se simfoniese werke word ondersoek deur vergelykings van Van Wyk en Sibelius se toepassings van twee-dimensionele sonatevorm en tragies-omgekeerde sonatevorm. Die lesing wat sodoende ontwikkel word, werp nuwe musikale lig op die moeilikhede van Van Wyk se posisie as koloniale komponis woonagtig in die sentrum van ʼn verkrummelende Ryk. Die komposisieproses van Van Wyk se Eerste Strykkwartet word beskryf in jukstaposisie met die komposisieproses van Bartók se Sesde Strykkwartet, en die ooreenkomste en verskille van die twee narratiewe en die twee komposisies belig ʼn tweede aspek van Van Wyk se koloniale identiteit, naamlik die dubbelsinnigheid van sy terugkeer na Suid-Afrika uit Engeland, twee plekke waarvan geeneen die betekenis van sy “tuiste” kon dra nie. Die lesing van die Duo Concertante fokus op die Elegia uit daardie werk, en dit interpreteer die stuk as deel van ʼn netwerk van intertekstuele verbindings, insluitende Van Wyk se model vir hierdie stuk, Martin Peerson (1580-1650) se The Fall of the Leafe, Gerald Finzi se Elegie vir Orkes Op. 20, getiteld The Fall of the Leaf, asook Van Wyk se eie tema vir die Rondo van die Duo, waarna hy verskeie musikale verwysings in die Elegia gemaak het wat geassosieer word met die konsep van “profesie”. Hierdie intertekstuele lesing beskou Van Wyk se aangaande problematiese identifisering met Engelse musiekkultuur en –tradisie, vererger deur sy ongemaklike plek in die verstikkende kulturele establishment van apartheid Suid-Afrika. Van Wyk se Missa in illo tempore word in ʼn post-apartheid konteks geïnterpreteer. Die werk stel sigself voor as reaksie op die toestande in Londen in 1945 teen die einde van die Tweede Wêreldoorlog (toe Van Wyk die eerste keer daaraan begin werk het) asook die toestande in apartheid Suid-Afrika in 1977-1979 (toe hy die werk voltooi het as ʼn opdrag vir die Stellenbosch Drie-Eeue Fees). Die lesing oorweeg die etiek van kuns wat ten doel het om te reageer op situasies van lyding en gebruik post-Holocaust kunsstudies as teoretiese raam. In sy ontwikkeling van interpretasies van komposisies wat nog nooit in soveel besonderhede of só teoreties nougeset bestudeer is nie, maak die tesis ʼn beduidende bydrae tot Arnold van Wyk studies, en in sy toepassing van ʼn verskeidenheid metodologiese hulpmiddels om poëtiese hermeneutiese lesings te konstrueer wat gegrond is in musikale en kontekstuele materiale, verteenwoordig dit ook ʼn betekenisvolle metodologiese vernuwing.

In 1930s and 1940s Shanghai, musicians and artists from different cultures and varied backgrounds joined and made the golden age of Shanghai popular song which suggests the beginnings of Chinese popular music in modern times. However, Shanghai popular song has long been neglected in most works about the modern history of Chinese music and remains an unexplored area in Shanghai studies. This study aims to reconstruct a historical view of the Shanghai popular music industry and make a stylistic analysis of its musical products. The research is undertaken at two levels: first, understanding the operating mechanism of the ‘platform’ and second, investigating the components of the ‘products’. By contrasting the hypothetical flowchart of the Shanghai popular music industry, details of the producing, selling and consuming processes are retrieved from various historical sources to reconstruct the industry platform. Through the first level of research, it is found that the rising new media and the flourishing entertainment industry profoundly influenced the development of Shanghai popular song. In addition, social and political changes and changes in business practices and the organisational structure of foreign record companies also contributed to the vast production, popularity and commercial success of Shanghai popular song. From the composition-performance view of song creation, the second level of research reveals that Chinese and Western musical elements both existed in the musical products. The Chinese vocal technique, Western bel canto and instruments from both musical traditions were all found in historical recordings. When ignoring the distinctive nature of pentatonicism but treating Chinese melodies as those on Western scales, Chinese-style tunes could be easily accompanied by chordal harmony. However, the Chinese heterophonic feature was lost in the Western accompaniment texture. Moreover, it is also found that the traditional rules governing the relationship between words and the melody was dismissed in Shanghai popular songwriting. The findings of this study fill in the neglected part in modern history of Chinese music and add to the literature on the under-explored musical area in Shanghai studies. Moreover, this study also demonstrates that against a map illustrating how musical products moved from record companies to consumers along with all other involved participants, the history of popular music can be rediscovered systematically by using songs as evidence, treating media material carefully and tracking down archives and surviving participants.

La version intégrale de ce mémoire est disponible uniquement pour consultation individuelle à la Bibliothèque de musique de l’Université́ de Montréal (www.bib.umontreal.ca/MU). / Ce mémoire est une analyse de mon langage musical à travers trois œuvres récentes composées entre 2011 et 2013. Il présente une analyse en détail de trois compositions d’instrumentations différentes : - Akme, pour piano seul - Les Yeux d’une fille dans un cimetière, pour piano, violon, violoncelle, flûte et clarinette - Epitafe, pour orchestre Avec des exemples musicaux tirés de ces trois compositions, j’étudie plusieurs volets de mon approche de la composition musicale, notamment les influences extra-musicales, la forme, la mélodie, l’harmonie et l’orchestration. En guise d’introduction, on retrouve également un chapitre qui traite de la place que les influences extra-musicales, la forme et la métrique occupent dans mon travail en général. / This memoir is a musical analysis of my musical language through the study of three of my recent works that were composed between 2011 and 2013. It presents a detailed analysis of three compositions of varied instrumentation : - Akme, for solo piano - Les Yeux d’une fille dans un cimetière, for piano, violin, cello, flute and clarinette - Epitafe, for orchestra With musical examples taken from these works, I study various components of my approach to musical composition such as extra-musical influences, form, melody, harmony and orchestration. As introduction to these studies, we find a chapter that speaks of the role that extra-musical influences, form and musical time holds in my work as a composer in general.

Le XXème siècle marque le début de l’étude musicologique sur le chant basque, concept apparu dans le courant du XIXème siècle. La plupart des recherches insistent sur les spécificités de cette pratique. A cette même époque, l’enregistrement de ce répertoire permet la constitution d’archives sonores. Pourtant, musicologues et collecteurs de sources sonores ne se rencontrent pas. Or, l’examen approfondi des études musicologiques publiées sur le chant basque amène à penser que les caractéristiques musicales attribuées à cette pratique tout au long du XXème siècle ne sont pas toutes pertinentes, que ce soit dans les termes employés ou dans la conception même de la musique. Elles renseignent parfois plus sur les auteurs et le contexte d’écriture de l’ouvrage/ article que sur la musique elle-même. Ces descriptionspeuvent de ce fait être nuancées à la lumière de nouvelles analyses. Une comparaison diachronique et synchronique de sources écrites et musicales de la fin du XIXème siècle à la fin du XXème siècle permet d’une part d’observer le lien entre ce qui est « dit » sur le sujet du point de vue musicologique et ce que nous pouvons en entendre, et d’autre part de repérer les caractéristiques musicales communes qui se dégagent de l’ensemble. Nous formulons l’hypothèse qu’il existe dans le chant basque monodique, non des caractéristiques musicales intrinsèques, mais des éléments musicaux mobiles, variés, des « indices », notamment du point de vue de la hauteur, qui peuvent être observés grâce à des outils d’analyse modernes. / The XXth century marks the beginning of the musicological study of the Basque singing, a concept appeared during the course of the XIXth century. Most of these researchs insist on the specificities of such a practice. At the same time, the recording of this repertory allows the setting up of sound archives. Nevertheless, musicologists and collectors of the sound sources do not meet. However, a thorough examination of the musicology studies published about the Basque singing leads to think that the musical characteristics ascribed to this practice throughout the XXth century are not all relevant whether concerning the terms being used or the conception of the very music. They often inform more on the authors and the context of the writing of the work/article than on the music itself. These descriptions may then be qualified in the light of new analyses. A diachronic and synchronic comparison of the written and musical sources from the late XIXth century to the end of the XXth allows us, on the one hand, to observe the link between what is “said” on the topic from the musicology point of view and what we can hear, and on the other hand to spot the common musical characteristics emerging from the whole.We formulate the hypothesis that the monodic Basque singing does not present any intrinsic musical characteristics. Rather, we observe mobile and diverse musical elements, kinds of “clues”, especially as far as pitch is concerned, that can be observed thanks to modern analysis tools.

Este trabalho trata da voz enquanto relação entre um corpus de composições e performances para voz, uma revisão de literatura sobre algumas noções discursivas sobre voz e um diário vocal pessoal que desenvolvi, o qual articula esses campos analíticos e práticos. Problematizo as noções de voz e vocalidade através da análise das formações discursivas dentro dos estudos da voz e analiso a relação destas formações com as vozes e vocalidades propostas em algumas composições e performances, com ênfase em obras de Valéria Bonafé, Lílian Campesato e Inés Terra. Questiono como os silenciamentos históricos da voz, enquanto evidência de corporalidade, foram entronizados no modo como compreendemos a voz e criamos com ela. Além da análise documental/textual e das análises das obras, o método aqui escolhido articula a problematização e a conceituação da voz enquanto uma prática vocal. Isso é feito a partir de um processo duplo que chamei de diário vocal, que consiste da realização e gravação de conversas com as compositoras e performers e de minha própria voz gravada em meus estudos e leituras diários, bem como da subsequente escuta e transcrição destes registros. Essa prática de documentação possibilitou um processo de análise musical/sonora que não se deu previamente sobre as peças abordadas, em forma de prognóstico, mas demandou uma escuta ativa da voz gravada e uma recepção da modulação sonora da minha voz e da voz das artistas em foco, caso a caso, entre pensamento, som, fala, escuta, conversa, discussão e escrita. Assim, o processo se constituiu como uma geografia afetiva de vozes e vocalidades, no cruzamento dos âmbitos da performance/composição musicais, dos estudos da voz e do método de voz, através do diário vocal. Deste modo, considero o diário vocal um método de cartografia da voz, pois é a ele que é endereçado o desvio metodológico entre prática (práxis) e discurso (lexis), a fim de analisar a problemática vocal na criação atual ao mesmo tempo em que \'se faz\' o que se pesquisa: pensar os limites do logos vocal atual é escutar/\'performar\' o grão radical da voz e vice-versa. / This work includes a discussion on voice as a relation between a corpus of vocal compositions and performances, a literature review on discursive notions about voice, and a personal vocal diary developed within this thesis to articulate these analytical and practical fields. I posit notions of voice and vocality by analysing discursive formations within studies of voice, and scrutinizing the relation of such discursive formations with the voices and vocalities proposed in selected compositions and performances, with emphasis on works by Valéria Bonafé, Lílian Campesato and Inés Terra. I question how historical silencings of voice, as evidence of corporeality, have been ingrained in the way we understand voice and create with it. Beyond the documentary/textual analysis and analyses of selected works, the method articulates the postulation and conceptualization of voice as vocal praxis. This is achieved by means of a dualprocess that I named vocal diary, which consists of the performance and recording of conversations with composers and performers, and of my own voice in my daily studies and readings, as well as of the subsequent listening and transcription of these records. Such documentation practice enabled a process of musical/sound analysis that was not previously given over the selected works in form of prognosis, demanding an active listening of the recorded voice, a reception of the sonorous modulation of my own voice and of the artists in focus, case by case, between thought, sound, speech, listening, conversation, discussion and writing. Thus, the process is constituted as a affective geography of voices and vocalities, located in the intersection between performance and musical composition, studies of voice, and the voice method consisting in the vocal diary. Ergo, I consider the vocal diary a new method of voice cartography-because it is towards it that the methodological deviation between practice (praxis) and discourse (lexis) is directed, in order to analyze the vocal matter in the actual creation and at the same time,\'do\' what we research: to think the limits of the current vocal logos is to listen/perform the radical grain of voice...and vice versa.

Esta pesquisa propõe, por intermédio da análise musical, evidenciar e avaliar a contribuição de Villa-Lobos a partir da utilização de uma linguagem musical pós-tonal em seu último período criativo (1948-1959), a partir da recorrência do uso de simetrias como elementos estruturais e cadenciais no primeiro movimento da Fantasia para saxofone soprano e pequena orquestra. No que tange ao transitar de Villa-Lobos entre a música de tradição clássica e outras linguagens, no Capítulo 2, é exposto e discutido um significativo paralelo com a obra Blue Rondo A La Turk, de D. Brubeck (1959), sugerindo uma possível troca de influências entre Villa-Lobos e o jazz estadunidense (cool jazz) das décadas de 1950-60. Propõe-se, também, sob a perspectiva contextual, como parte do escopo dessa pesquisa, a reflexão sobre qual seria a raiz para as motivações de Villa-Lobos ao incluir o saxofone em uma parte significativa de sua obra, a ponto de torná-lo um dos compositores brasileiros que mais escreveu para o instrumento no século XX. No que diz respeito às questões contextuais em torno da obra de Villa-Lobos, serviram-nos de base os estudos de Andrade (1972), Béhague (1994), Horta (1986), Kiefer (1981), Mariz (1989), Paz (2004), Peppercorn (2000), Soares (2001) e Silva (2011). Para as questões impossibilitadas de análise de acordo com os padrões tonais, utilizamos como referência a teoria dos conjuntos a partir dos estudos de Forte (1973) e Straus (2013). Em relação a simetrias, serviram de base os trabalhos de Salles (2009; 2016) e Visconti (2016). Referente à gestualidade cadencial, como base, os estudos de Dudeque (2013; 2017) e Salles (2010; 2016). Sobre as relações de Villa-Lobos com os elementos composicionais da música Pós-Tonal, serviram-nos de referência os estudos de Salles (2009; 2016), Piedade (2015), Antokoletz (1992), Albuquerque (2014), Nery Filho (2012), Kiefer (1981), Coelho de Souza (2010), Kostka (2006; 2012) e Wisnik (1997). Para a compreensão do processo de aproximação e apropriação dos elementos da música clássica, por compositores do jazz, utilizamos os estudos de Pinto (2011), Calado (1990), Carneiro (1986), Berendt (1987), Ramsey (1989), Race (1962), Schuller (1986; 1989) e Vanderheyden (2010). / This research proposes, through musical analysis, to evidence and evaluate the contribution of Villa-Lobos from the use of a post-tonal musical language in his last creative period (1948- 1959), from the recurrence of the use of symmetries as structural and cadential elements in the first movement of Fantasia for soprano saxophone and small orchestra. As for Villa-Lobos\'s transition from classical music to other languages, in Chapter 2, a significant parallel is exposed and discussed with the work Blue Rondo A La Turk of D. Brubeck (1959), suggesting a possible villalobian influence on American jazz (cool jazz) from the 1950s-60s. As part of the scope of this research, it is also proposed from a contextual perspective the reflection on what would be the root of Villa-Lobos\'s motivations by including the saxophone in a significant part of his work, to the point of making it one of the Brazilian composers who most wrote for this instrument in the 20th century. As far as the contextual issues surrounding Villa-Lobos\'s work are concerned, the studies of Andrade (1972), Béhague (1994), Horta (1986), Kiefer (1981), Mariz (1989), Paz (2004), Peppercorn (2000), Soares (2001) and Silva (2011) were our basis. For the questions that are impossible to analyze according to the tonal patterns, we used as a reference the set theory from the studies of Forte (1973) and Straus (2013). In relation to symmetries, the works of Salles (2009; 2016) and Visconti (2016) served as a basis. Regarding the cadential gestuality, as a basis, the studies of Dudeque (2013; 2017) and Salles (2010; 2016). On Villa-Lobos\'s relations with the compositional elements of Post-Tonal music, the studies of Salles (2009; 2016), Piedade (2015), Antokoletz (1992), Albuquerque (2014), Nery Filho (2012), Kiefer (1981), Coelho de Souza (2010), Kostka (2006; 2012) and Wisnik (1997) were used as a reference . For the understanding of the process of approximation and appropriation of the elements of classical music by jazz composers, we used the studies of Pinto (2011), Calado (1990), Carneiro (1986), Berendt (1987), Ramsey (1989), Race (1962), Schuller (1986, 1989) and Vanderheyden (2010).

Este trabalho tem como objetivo e se justifica por analisar o primeiro movimento da Sinfonia n. 3, de Mahler (1860-1911) sob a ótica da vertente teórica que considera a forma como processo, no tempo. Composta em 1895, esta peça apresenta uma combinação de processos harmônicos dilatados pelo uso do cromatismo, entradas sucessivas de elementos temáticos, passagens direcionadas por eventos com flutuações na densidade, textura, timbre e rítmica, o que resultou em certa dissolução nas fronteiras formais tradicionais. Para atingir tal meta, tem por base os conceitos de forma como processo segundo Schmalfeldt (2011); música como processo por Hasty (1997); e breves considerações acerca de filosofia do processo e devir, de acordo com Seibt (2013). De maneira complementar às nossas discussões acerca de forma como processo, o \"modelo\" de Forma Sonata se fundamenta em Hepokosky e Darcy (2006) e as funções formais da sentença, em Caplin (1998). Os gráficos de vozes condutoras schenkerianas são apresentados segundo Forte e Gilbert (1992), e Neumeyer e Tepping (1992); os cinco componentes da tonalidade, de acordo com Tymoczko (2011); aspectos de textura, rítmica e dinâmica têm por base as considerações apresentadas por Berry (1987), Erickson (1975), Kostka (2012) e Schoenberg (2008 [1967]); aspectos de cunho histórico se baseiam principalmente em Fischer (2011) e Liberman (2010). Na conclusão buscamos a inter-relação das questões históricas e as da análise musical, resgatando os principais aspectos de nossa análise processualmente baseada sob a luz de uma reflexão sobre as questões revelados. / This work aims to analyze the first movement of Mahler\'s 3rd Symphony from the perspective of Form as Process. Composed in 1895, this musical piece features a combination of expanded harmonic processes by use of chromaticism, thematic elements, and events with fluctuations in density, texture, timbre and rhythm, which results in some dissolution from formal boundaries. To achieve this goal, we have based on the concepts of Form as Process, according to Schmalfeldt (2011); Music as Process, according to Hasty (1997); and Process Philosophy and Becoming, according to Seibt (2013). Complementary to these ideas we present Sonata Form according to Hepokosky and Darcy (2006) and Sentence according to Caplin (1998). We also present concepts of these authors: Forte and Gilbert (1992) and Neumeyer and Tepping (1992), schenkerian analysis; Tymoczko (2011), Five Components of Tonality; Berry (1987), Erickson (1975), Kostka (2012) and Schoenberg (2008 [1967]), liquidation, aspects of texture, rhythm and dynamic; Fischer (2011) and Liberman (2010), historical perspective. At the conclusion we present reflections about our musical analysis and relate it to historical issues.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo a investigação analítica do sistema expressivo de cinco obras para Coro a cappella do compositor Osvaldo Lacerda com poemas de Carlos Drummond de Andrade, salientando as relações que a música estabelece com a arte poética e investigando as técnicas composicionais adotadas pelo compositor de acordo com a extração musical que este faz do poema para construção do seu discurso poético-musical. As obras corais são: Quadrilha (1967), Romaria (1967), Poema da Necessidade (1967), Céu Vazio (1968) e Uníssono (primeira peça dos Quatro Estudos para Coro de 1971). A partir desta Análise para o Intérprete são oferecidas sugestões para a realização musical das referidas obras,apontando aspectos relevantes da interpretação coral. / The focus of this dissertation is the analytical investigation of the expressive system of five pieces for a cappella choir written by composer Osvaldo Lacerda on poems by Carlos Drummond de Andrade, pointing out the relations that music establishes with poetic art and investigating compositional techniques adopted by the composer in accordance with the musical extraction he makes from the poem to construct his musical-poetic meanings. The choral works are: Quadrilha (1967), Romaria (1967), Poema da Necessidade (1967), Céu Vazio (1968) e Uníssono (first part fo Quatro Estudos para Coro, 1971). From this analysis, suggestions about the performance of these pieces are offered to the interpreter, pointing to relevant aspects of choral interpretation.