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Submitted by Erika Demachki (erikademachki@gmail.com) on 2017-01-20T14:43:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Danielle Silva Araújo - 2014.pdf: 3446735 bytes, checksum: 4f2dc4a0223fe6a9d4d23c00cba6af45 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-01-20T14:44:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Danielle Silva Araújo - 2014.pdf: 3446735 bytes, checksum: 4f2dc4a0223fe6a9d4d23c00cba6af45 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-20T14:44:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Danielle Silva Araújo - 2014.pdf: 3446735 bytes, checksum: 4f2dc4a0223fe6a9d4d23c00cba6af45 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the important systemic mycosis in Latin America, with high incidence in Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela. The disease has been attributed to the thermodimorphic fungus Paracoccidioides sp.. During the infective process, we can highlight the role of the cell wall, which is a dynamic structure, vital for growth, survival and morphogenesis of the fungus. In addition, this structure is constantly changing in response to environmental signals and different stages of the cycle of the fungus. The interest in the fungal cell wall occurs primarily by lack of this structure in mammalian cells; for this reason cell wall components are promising targets for antifungal drug design. In order to describe the profile of cell wall proteins (CWPs) of Paracoccidioides sp., it was used a proteomic approach coupling nanoscale liquid chromatography to multiplexed mass spectrometry (nanoUPLC-MSE) to identify the CWPs isolated from Paracoccidioides sp. yeast cells and mycelia. Among the identified proteins, it was found a transglycosylase orthologue to the Crh1p, which is a GPI anchored protein, known to be involved in attaching chitin to β-glucan. Adhesins previously described in Paracoccidioides sp. such as enolase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, alcohol dehydrogenase, fructose-1,6-biphosphate aldose and some chaperones were also identified. Moreover, we identified formamidase that was previously described as localized in the fungus cell wall and may be involved in nitrogen metabolism besides contributing with antigenic properties. / Paracoccidioidomicose é uma importante micose sistêmica na América latina, com alta incidência no Brasil, Argentina, Colômbia e Venezuela. A doença é atribuída ao fungo termodimórfico Paracoccidioides spp.. Durante o processo infecioso podemos destacar o papel desempenhado pela parede celular, estrutura esta, vital para o crescimento, sobrevivência, e morfogênese do fungo, a qual está em constante mudança em resposta a sinais do ambiente. O interesse no estudo da parede celular de fungos ocorre principalmente pela ausência dessa estrutura nas células de mamíferos; por esse motivo os componentes da parede são alvos promissores para o desenvolvimento de novas drogas. Para descrever o perfil das proteínas constituintes da parede celular (PPCs) de Paracoccidioides sp. nas formas leveduriforme e miceliana, foi utilizada uma abordagem proteômica combinando cromatografia líquida em nanoescala com espectrometria de massas multiplexada (nanoUPLC-MSE). Entre as proteínas identificadas foi encontrada uma transglicosidase, homologa a Crh1p, correspondendo a uma proteína GPI ancorada, conhecida por estar envolvida em ligar quitina à β-glucana. Adesinas anteriormente descritas em Paracoccidioides sp. como enolase, gliceraldeído-3- fosfato desidrogenase, álcool desidrogenase, frutose-1,6-bifosfato aldolase e algumas chaperonas também foram identificadas. Além disso, nós identificamos a formamidase que tem sido descrita como localizada na parede celular e pode estar envolvida no metabolismo de nitrogênio, além de contribuir com propriedades antigênicas.

Three potential probiotics, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei and the fungus Scytalidium acidophilum were prepared in different ways. They were evaluated for their effects on performance and immune responses in broiler chickens in two 6-week trials. In the first trial, probiotics were orally administered at the ages of day 1 and day 8. There were no differences between live and disrupted cells. However, cobalt-containing cells had improved effects numerously in comparison with non cobalt-containing cells. As a result, these three disrupted probiotics, each in two different concentrations, were sprayed onto a mash basal feed before pelleting in the second trial. Improved feed intake (up to 6%) and body weight gain (up to 7%) were observed in all probiotic treatments. The anti-KLH IgA and IgG titers of probiotic-treated chickens were not significantly different from the negative controls in both trials. In summary, disrupted and cobalt-containing probiotics were proved to enhance the performance of broiler chickens and are promising for commercial application. In addition, a new fungal mycelium, Scytalidium acidophilum, was suggested to be a good probiotic to improve the growth of broilers.

Diss. (sammanfattning). Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv., 2003. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 185-217). Also available in print.

[Summary] Sixty-three species, drawn from the genera Rosellinia Hypoxylon, Nummularia, Daldinia, Penzigia and Xylaria, are studied in order to determine whether any correlation exists between various characters of the perfect stage and characters connected with the mycelium in artificial culture that might be used to supplement the existing classification of the Xylariaceae. An examination is made of the morphological and anatomical characters of several stromal types and a statistical method of evaluating differences in ascospore dimension between samples of closely related species is described. Cultural work shows that :- a) Each species group, based primarily on similarity of stromal form, has a characteristic set of cultural characters. b) Members within a Species group can usually be distinguished clearly in culture. The use of cultural characters as an additional criterion in classification is therefore recommended.

MYCELIUM MILLENNIUM imagines a new era in which biological resources, specifically Fungi and Mycelium, are used to grow a collection of objects for everyday domestic rituals, merging biofabrication and traditional craft. The project is an effort to demystify the transformation of an organism to a biomaterial and at the same time raise questions of aesthetics and cultural acceptance. The fungal mycelium material qualities –  antibacterial, fire-resistant, heat isolating and water-resistant – are incorporated in the function of each design.  The objects adopt antique symbols embedding them in a longer material history, as well as a scale and form that introduces the fungal material to the context of the home. While the collection attempts to stress longevity and resilience, it is integrated into a circular vision, where the material is sourced from nature and returns to nature.   MYCELIUM MILLENNIUM is an invitation to raise awareness for a material revolution, an opportunity to learn from nature and its potential, where products and objects could match the planet's needs.

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In the past decades, humanity is facing the consequences of the irresponsible production of plastics and the expansion of industries such as industrial agriculture, Therefore, the development of new sustainable alternative materials has become increasingly popular as a science field. That is the case of mycelium composites, a biodegradable material made out of agricultural and the thread-like roots of mushrooms called mycelium. The mycelium, when growing, binds all the particles of organic matter together, creating a stiff material that takes the shape of the mold where it was cultivated. The material is lightweight, fire resistant, provides acoustic and thermal insulation and has good behavior under compression efforts. So far, research has been conducted on testing the properties of the material, but there is a lack of knowledge on how to address this material from a design perspective. How to design with it, how to make it appealing to the users or how to value its intrinsic characteristics. For that, the design thinking methodology "Design thinking bootleg" was followed and theory and methods under the perspective of "Design for emotion" and the approach of "Material driven design" that facilitates design processes where the material is the main driver. An acoustic insulation solution was developed as a result, since it was concluded to be the most competitive application among the different possibilities of mycelium composites. The product aims for a certain emotional response in the users, seeking the development of an emotional connection and creating awareness about the role mushrooms play in nature and the use of sustainable materials. Eventually, the product succeeded in transmitting more than mere curiosity, especially after explaining the story behind it. Overall, the product is still far from competing against plastics in terms of scalability and speed of production. However, research on this topic is increasing exponentially and the material proves to have a lot of potential, so it is expected to be improved in the next few years.

Voyria är en växt som lever på parasiter från svampar istället för fotosyntes. Växten ingår i familjen gentianaväxter och lever i flera år. Med inspiration från Voyrias symbiotiska relation till svampar har jag skapat ett examensarbete namngivet efter växten. Voyria är berättelsen om kreativitet, konstnärskap och reflektion. Minnen från förr kombineras med en undersökning av svampars utveckling och urskogens symbiotiska relationer. Examensarbetet har resulterat i en publikation, en film och musik. Genom att lyssna på svampars biodata och studera en svamps livscykel har jag tolkat datan i ett försök att kommunicera med svampen. Voyria är ett examensarbete som behandlar både analoga och digitala metoder, musik och målande, text och grafisk formgivning. Jag tänker utifrån svampens livscykel. Jag reflekterar över årens upplevelser och sambandet mellan årens och svampens faser. Jag visualiserar nätverk och system. Jag fotograferar och tolkar realdatan för att försöka förstå svampens behov. Det här är Voyria.