Orientador: Clodoaldo Bueno / Banca: Leila Rodrigues da Silva / Banca: Angelita Marques Visalli / Banca: Adriana Vidotte / Banca: Ruy de Oliveira Andrade Filho / Resumo: Alfonso X, o Sábio (1221 - 1284), ascendeu ao trono de Castela em 1252, após a morte de seu pai, Fernando III (1199 - 1252). Considerado um dos monarcas mais poderosos do século XIII, herdou do pai uma política de centralização do poder real fundamentada na consolidação do território da monarquia e na unificação legislativa. Apoiando-se em um corpus documental formado por crônicas, códigos jurídicos e documentos régios do século XIII, esta tese mostra que Alfonso X foi um continuador dessa política de centralização. Sob seu reinado definiram-se as fronteiras do território da Coroa de Castela. Alfonso X completou o projeto de unificação jurídica esboçado por Fernando III ao substituir os vários códigos jurídicos locais, os chamados fueros, por uma legislação régia de caráter centralizador. Ao instituir uma legislação que garantisse a supremacia do poder real, Alfonso X provocou uma reação da nobreza ao seu projeto político. / Abstract: Alphonse X, the Wise (1221 - 1284) ascended to the Castile throne in 1252, after his father's death, Fernando III (1199 - 1252). Considered one of the most powerful monarchs of the13th century, he inherited from his father a politics of centralization of the real power based on the consolidation of the monarchy territory, and on the legislative unification. Leaning on a documental corpus formed by chronicles, juridical codes and royal documents of the 13th century, this theory shows that Alphonse X was a continuator of that centralization. Under his reign, the borders of the territory of the Crown of Castile were defined. Alphonse X completed the project of juridical unification outlined by Fernando III when substituting the several local juridical codes, the so called fueros, for a royal legislation of centralizing character. When he implemented a legislation that would guarantee the supremacy of the royal power, Alphonse X provoked a reaction from the nobility to his political project. / Doutor

The presented diploma thesis focuses on analyzing Spanish correspondence written by Jan Adolf of Schwarzenberg (1615-1683) between 1647 and 1683. The correspondence has yet to be thoroughly explored and is deposited in the State Regional Archive in Třeboň, the department of Český Krumlov - Rodinný archiv Schwarzenberků. Through a content analysis, the author tries to explore the relationship between Jan Adolf of Schwarzenberg and people of a different social status with whom the count had established a written communication; i.e. the author makes an effort to reconstruct the communication network of the baroque nobleman and examine the content of the letters. The author also suggests the typology of Spanish Schwarzenberg participants of the communication, who were divided into Habsburg family members, emperor's emissaries in Madrid, courtiers of Madrid, Spanish emissaries in Vienna, individuals working in the Spanish Netherlands, clerics and agents.

La ricerca ha messo a tema i diversi aspetti della vita privata e pubblica di una famiglia nobiliare a Mantova nel passaggio dall’Antico Regime alla Restaurazione, indagata in quanto rappresentativa del ceto nobiliare di appartenenza: la famiglia di Francesco Alberto d’Arco e Amalia Sanvitale. Di provincia ma non provinciale, la famiglia d’Arco è stata letta nelle sue varie scelte, come, ad esempio, l’educazione dei figli, i collegi frequentati, le strategie di carriera individuate per i figli maschi o l’assegnazione delle doti e la scelta delle alleanze per i matrimoni delle figlie femmine. Tale lettura è stata resa possibile dalla disponibilità dei carteggi conservati nell’archivio della Fondazione d’Arco, fonte che è stata messa a confronto con la coeva documentazione di tipo istituzionale. Dimensione privata e dimensione pubblica hanno trovato un punto di incontro nella lettura di questi carteggi, che con il loro carattere ibrido, a metà tra la “scrittura di sé” e la trascrizione di notizie, bene si prestano all’incrocio di fonti diverse e apparentemente lontane. / The aim of the research is to examine the diverse aspects of the public and private life of a noble family in Mantua in the transition from the Ancien Régime to the period after the Congress of Vienna. The d’Arco were chosen because they were representative of the noble class they belonged to and of the forms of aristocratic life style. From the province but by no means provincial, the d’Arco family has been studied in its various choices, as, for example, the education of its children and the colleges they attended, the strategies employed for the careers of its sons or the dowries and the choice of marriage alliances made for the daughters. Such study has been made possible by access to a privileged source - the family papers and correspondence preserved in the archives of the D’Arco Foundation. A source which was then critically compared with the contemporary institutional documentation. The private and public dimensions meet in the reading of these papers, which with their hybrid character, half way between “writing of oneself” and the transcription of news, lend themselves perfectly to a cross-match between sources that are diverse and apparently distant.

There is no abstract available for this thesis. / Department of History

Univ., Diss.--Rostock, 1999.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 1999. / Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 275-300). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users. Address: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p9947980.

Cette thèse consiste dans l’étude des stratégies de résistance et d’adaptation de topolignages constitués de successions de lignages de l’ancienne noblesse francilienne sur des mêmes centres de pouvoir seigneuriaux, face à la soi-disant crise nobiliaire des XIVe et XVe siècles. Il s’agit de montrer que le concept de crise nobiliaire ne doit pas être appliqué à l’ensemble de la noblesse francilienne, puisque certains topolignages anciens traversent la période sans dommage. L’enquête recense et interroge les moyens et ressources utilisés par ces anciens nobles qui survivent. Les alliances et les stratégies matrimoniales afférentes sont abordées. L’organisation de la continuité de l’exploitation de leurs fiefs est examinée, montrant des signes de crispation et de réactivation du système féodal en réaction aux difficultés économiques liées à la guerre de Cent Ans. Une base de données prosopographiques est présentée, et une typologie de relations individuelles est proposée pour nourrir ensuite une méthodologie d’analyse de réseaux des parentés, de réseaux d’affiliations aux institutions royales ou princières, ou d’appartenance à des clientèles ou de partis. Comment ces anciens nobles ont-ils profité des clientèles mises en place par les Princes ? Comment ont-ils pris part aux différents partis qui se sont opposés pendant la guerre de Cent Ans ? Enfin, la culture de la noblesse est étudiée à travers sa participation à la vie curiale des Grands, à ses marques de dévotion et à ses relations avec ses ancêtres. Le sentiment d’appartenance de l’ancienne noblesse francilienne à un même groupe fier de ses origines n’a-t-il pas finalement été la principale raison de leur subsistance ? / This thesis consists in the study of the strategies of resistance and adaptation of topographic lineages made up by successions of chalk-linings of the former nobility from the Île-de-France region on same seigniorial centers of power, facing the so-called crisis peerage-book of 14th and 15th centuries. It is a question of showing that the concept of crisis peerage-book should not be applied to the whole of the nobility from the Île-de-France region, since some topographic lineages old cross the period without damage. The investigation counts and questions the means and resources used by these old noble which survive. The related alliances and matrimonial strategies are approached. The organization of the continuity of the exploitation of their strongholds is examined, showing signs of crispation and reactivation of the feudal system in reaction to the economic difficulties related to the Hundred Year War. A prosopographical database is presented and a typology of individual relations is proposed to then nourish a methodology of network analysis of the relationships, networks of affiliations at the royal princely institutions, or of membership of customers or parties. How did these old noble benefit from the clients installation by the Princes? How did they take part in the various parties which were opposed during the Hundred Year War? Lastly, the culture of the nobility is studied through its participation in the life curiale the Largeones, its brands of devotion and its relations with its ancestors. Wasn't the feeling of appartenance of the former nobility from the Île-de-France region to the same proud group of its origins finally the main reason of their subsistence?

Ce travail envisage de reconstruire l’histoire d’une famille reconnue comme l’une des plus anciennes et honorables familles de la noblesse de robe parisienne. Ses représentants puisent leur célébrité dans une compétence si éminente dans le monde de la magistrature et dans une fidélité sincère au Roi et à la monarchie. Cette étude prend place dans l’essor qu’ont connu les biographies collectives relatives aux élites françaises depuis une vingtaine d’années. La conjugaison de plusieurs facteurs a donné lieu à une ascension spectaculaire de cette lignée robine durant le XVIIème siècle. D’autres facteurs ont amené à sa faillite au début du siècle suivant. Cette archéologie familiale construite en premier lieu à travers les actes notariés du minutier central des notaires parisiens et les fonds anciens des archives départementales, a également l’intérêt d’examiner la structure et la gestion de la fortune de cette famille ainsi que les représentations de la vie et de l’Au-delà chez certains de ses membres. / This work seeks to rebuild the history of a family known as one of the most old and honourable families of the Parisian Nobility of the robe. Its representatives draw their celebrity from an outstanding proficiency in the Judiciary world and sincere faithfulness to the King and Monarchy. This study goes alongside with the increasing rise of French elite collective biographies over the last twenty years. A combination of several factors gave rise to an impressive ascension of this Robe lineage at the XVIIth century. Other factors caused its bankruptcy by the beginning of the following century. This Family archaeology, rebuilt mainly through the deeds of the “Minutier central des notaires parisiens” and the historical collections of departmental archives, examines the structure and management of this family’s wealth as well as the representations of life and afterlife within some of its members.

Durement touchée par la guerre de Cent Ans, la Normandie connaît une telle renaissance à partir de la fin du XVe siècle qu’elle devient le premier gisement fiscal du royaume, ce qui conduit le roi à accroître sa tutelle sur elle au cours du siècle suivant. Cette thèse se compose de deux parties distinctes, d’égale importance. La première offre une synthèse sur les demeures campagnardes de la petite et moyenne noblesse dans ce climat hautement favorable à l’activité architecturale. La seconde analyse de manière approfondie près de 80 ensembles manoriaux, qui constituent la base sur laquelle repose les observations synthétiques de la première partie. Si la méthode adoptée privilégie (au-delà des renseignements archivistiques, lorsqu’ils existent) l’analyse archéologique des bâtiments, elle y associe une approche comparative avec les réalisations nationales, les modèles graphiques et les traités « rustiques » contemporains (Androuet Du Cerceau, Estienne, Liébault), qui proposent souvent des usages déjà répandus. L’enquête ainsi menée permet non seulement de comprendre le fonctionnement, les particularismes et l’évolution des manoirs haut-normands entre 1450 et 1600, mais elle révèle aussi une capacité des architectes œuvrant dans la province à innover, avec l’apparition précoce du plan double en profondeur, du vestibule à l’antique ou encore de la fenêtre à meneau en bois, expérimentations qui, en raison des guerres civiles, ne seront pleinement exploitées qu’au siècle suivant. Après l’étude pionnière sur Le Manoir en Bretagne, 1380-1600 (Inventaire général, Paris, 1993), cette thèse offre un nouveau point de comparaison solide pour d’autres études régionales des « maisons aux champs » de la noblesse française. / Seriously affected by the Hundred Years War, Normandy experienced such a renaissance from the end of the XVth century that it became the major source of revenue for the kingdom, causing the king to tighten its control over it during the following century. This thesis offers a study in two distinct parts of equal importance. The first, a synthesis on the country houses of the small and medium nobility in the context of a period highly favourable to the architectural activity. The second, a deeper analysis of about eighty manorial domains, which constitutes the basis upon which rests the larger interpretative account in the first part. If the method adopted stresses archaeological analysis of the buildings, more than archives often missing, it also uses an approach comparing them with structures in other regions of France and with contemporary rural treatises (Estienne, Liébault) and “maisons pour les champs” models (Androuet Du Cerceau), who often suggest forms already widespread. The enquiry conducted in this manner allows us not only to understand the function, the individuality and the evolution of the manors of upper Normandy between 1450 and 1600, but it reveals also the ability of the architects working in the province to innovate, with the early appearance of the compact plan with double rows of rooms, the vestibule “à l’antique” or the window with a wooden mullion, experiments which, because of the civil wars, would not be fully exploited until the next century. Following the pioneering study on Le Manoir en Bretagne, 1380-1600 (Inventaire général, Paris, 1993), this thesis offers an additional firm bench mark for comparison in future regional studies.

This thesis focuses on the gifts of Czech and Moravian nobility to the church during the High Middle Ages. The pious gifts (Donations) are fundamental for the understanding of medieval devotion and for some aspects of medieval society. In the Middle Ages, the last wills and testaments expressed people's wishes, attitudes and intentions with respect both to these worldly and other matters. They express attitudes to other family members, to property, to life and death, to community and social groups, to the Church, to Saints and to God. The pious donations, support for the poor and the burial near Saints open up the gates to Heaven. But the pious donations are not only a part of one's care for the soul and redemption in the Middle Ages. The donations have complicated background. These gifts expressed religious, economic, political and representative intentions of the donors. The Pious gifts are a good tool for research of this part of society. The main aim of thesis is to describe the pious gifts given by the Czech and Moravian nobility from 1200 till mid-14th century. The Thesis based on the analysis of individual donations describes the spectrum of motivation for these gifts and also to describe the function which gifts had in society. Analysis allowed periodizes donation activity of the nobility. With the...