Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2008. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 218-227).

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This report examines the rhetorical strategies employed in several judicial cases during the 1920s in which the U.S. government contested the racial eligibility of Hindus for naturalization under a law providing that only “white persons” were eligible for naturalization. Through a close examination of the arguments and evidence in the cases, the report argues that the decisions in the cases were inextricably linked to the the conflict between the British and a rising Hindu nationalism movement in the struggle for Indian independence during the period surrounding World War I, and thereby highlight the significance of a wide variety of group identities to racial identification as the courts in the cases negotiated the boundaries of America’s global identity through the lens of race. / text

Before the passage of the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA), the relationship between undocumented immigrants and the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was highly antagonistic. Undocumented immigrants were distrustful of the immigration service due to its deportation mission that implemented deceitful tactics, which included using immigrant children to lure their undocumented parents and sending letters to immigrants promising legalization only to deport them once they arrived to INS offices among many others. However, this changed for a brief period after the passage of IRCA when INS transformed its image in the eyes of immigrants and became their amigo – their friend. INS accomplished this by engaging in a furious public relations campaign and training their staff to be supportive of immigrants as they applied for legal status – unprecedented measures for an agency that was set on deporting immigrants. Immigrants began to trust INS and went to them for help to get legalization during IRCA, something that experts thought would be impossible. While the literature on IRCA has studied its legislative history, short-term effects and long-term impact, it has overlooked the central question this study analyzes: why did INS implement unprecedented measures to help undocumented immigrants attain legalization? Using congressional hearings on INS, interviews and public statements made by INS officials, institutional evaluations of IRCA’s implementation, news articles and secondary data, I show that INS was going through a legitimation crisis, meaning that Congress and other overseeing institutions questioned INS’ effectiveness and management leading to stagnation in INS’ growth, something INS wanted to change. Implementing the legalization component of IRCA successfully was one way in which INS could regain its standing in the eyes of Congress, which meant helping immigrants attain legal status. In other words, the interests of immigrants and INS converged during IRCA leading to a change in INS’ behavior. To understand this process, this study shows how INS went from being la migra (immigration services) to el amigo of undocumented immigrants during IRCA. / text

Thesis advisor: Jonathan Laurence / In the context of western liberal democracies, both the German state and the German nation have undergone a unique evolutionary process during the twentieth century. Stemming from this anomalous development, citizenship in Germany represents not only membership in the German polity but also membership in the German cultural community. Naturalization standards, in contrast to every major immigrant-receiving state, were thus traditionally based on descent-based (as opposed to territorial-based) standards. Consequentially, the large population of foreign guestworkers that entered Germany through post-War labor recruitment programs has been systematically excluded from formal state membership. This exclusion, by producing a disempowered and disillusioned class of pseudo-citizens, has produced alarming tensions between ethnic German citizens and foreign resident minorities. The Nationality Act, enacted in 2000, attempted to address this friction by implementing a naturalization regime with a partial jus soli element. This study thus aims to determine whether the Nationality Act of 2000, by implementing paradigmatic reforms, has proven capable of facilitating the desired process of structural integration. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2007. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: International Studies. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

My thesis is an attempt to develop a naturalistic account of mental representation based on the notion of causation. The thesis consists of two main parts. The first part (chapters II and III) develops an understanding of naturalization. According to my proposal, naturalization is a two-step process: in the first step a set of conditions is specified which are thought to be the essential aspects of the notion under study and in the second step a naturalistic system is proposed which is claimed to satisfy these conditions. In accordance with this understanding of naturalization, the second part (chapters IV and V) of the thesis sets out the conditions which a successful naturalization of mental representation has to satisfy and then develops a new naturalistic account of mental representation based on the causal connections between environmental properties and the brain.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Anthropology, August 2003. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Not available / text

This report examines the place of non-citizen soldiers, veterans, and their families in U.S. political and civil life. Historically, military service has allowed marginalized groups to earn their social and political status as equal citizens. Part one of this report explores why, despite this history, recent legislative changes, and a 2002 Executive Order eliminating the legal and bureaucratic barriers to naturalization, less than forty percent of the non-citizen servicemen and women today actually acquire U.S. citizenship while on active duty. Part two examines the political and policy context surrounding a soldier's decisions to naturalize. It suggests that some soldiers may be “undocumented”; they forgo naturalization to protect themselves and their families. Part three discusses the legal, political, and normative implications of current policy. Some practices, such as the deportation of alien veterans, challenge the foundations of the American political order. The place of undocumented soldiers and veterans raises important issues about civic obligation, the cultural narratives that define membership in and service to the state, and the ruling political collations in which these narratives find support. / text

Darbo objektas. Danieliai, gyvenantys VĮ Alytaus miškų urėdijos Sudvajų girininkijos Sudvajų, Kalnėnų ir Nemunaičio miškuose. Darbo tikslas. Išsiaiškinti danielių aklimatizacijos eigą VĮ Alytaus miškų urėdijoje. Darbo metodai: • Gyvenamosios aplinkos tinkamumo vertinimas. • Danielių kiekybinė ir kokybinė apskaita. • Laisvėje gyvenančių danielių apskaita pagal ekskrementus. • Danielių žievės laupymo poveikio įvertinimas žėliniams, želdiniams ir medynams. Darbo rezultatai. VĮ Alytaus miškų urėdijos Sudvajų girininkijos Sudvajų, Kalnėnų ir Nemunaičio miškų masyvų plotas yra tinkamas danielių populiacijai gyventi. Gyvenamoji aplinka yra įvertinta 64 balais, o šis balų skaičius parodo, kad danielių gyvenamoji aplinka priklauso vidutinių plotų kategorijai. Šiuo metu Sudvajų, Kalnėnų ir Nemunaičio miškuose gyvenančių danielių populiacijos tankis siekia 11 vnt. / 1000 ha. Tai beveik optimalus tankis, atsižvelgiant į vyraujančią miško sudėtį (gryni pušynai su nedidesne kaip 10 % kitų medžių rūšių priemaiša). Nuo 2007 iki 2011 metų danielių skaičius Sudvajų girininkijoje nuolat didėjo. Per šį laikotarpį danielių, gyvenančių laisvėje, padaugėjo nuo 13 iki 52 vienetų. Pastaruoju laikotarpiu danielių skaičius stabilizavosi ir siekia 49-52 vienetus. Stabilizacijos tendenciją galima paaiškinti iš dalies intensyvesne medžiokle, iš dalies – gyvenamąja aplinka. 2014 metais danielių prieaugis sudarė 6,5 %. Šis rodiklis yra mažesnis už vidutinį. Daugiausia danielių buvo sumedžiota 2012-2013... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Object of work. Fallow-deer living in Sudvajai, Kalnenai and Nemunaitis forests of Alytus Forest Enterprise Sudvajai Forest District. Aim of work – to examine the course of fallow-deer naturalization in the territory of Alytus Forest Enterprise. Methods of work: • Assessment of the suitability of dwelling surroundings. • Quantitative and qualitative counting of fallow-deer. • Counting of freely-roaming fallow-deer by excrements. • Impact evaluation of bark peeling by fallow-deer to plants, afforested areas and tree stands. Findings of work. The area of Sudvajai, Kalnenai and Nemunaitis forests expanse in Alytus Forest Enterprise Sudvajai Forest District is suitable for the dwelling of fallow-deer population. The dwelling surroundings were rated at 64 points, ascribing the dwelling surroundings of fallow-deer to the category of moderate areas. At this moment in Sudvajai, Kalnėnai and Nemunaitis forests the density of fallow-deer is 11 units / 1000 ha. At 2007-2011 years the number of fallow deers was increased steadily in Sudvajai district. The number of fallow deers, which lived in freedom, was increased from 13 to 52 units. At least time the number of fallow-deer was stabilized and now seeks about 49-52 units. The herd composition is satisfactory. Ratio of males and females is 1 : 2,8. The annual growth rate of fallow-deer was 6,5 % in 2014. The most of fallow-deers were hunted in the season of 2012-2013 years. In this time actual hunting was 26,1 % from abundance. In the... [to full text]