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Thesis (Ph. D.)--State University of New York at Binghamton, Department of Mathematical Sciences, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Luiz Antonio Barrera San Martin / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-10T11:48:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Santos_EdsonCarlosLicurgo_D.pdf: 405695 bytes, checksum: 334d5172d85f7bc35539dbd900fbef67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Seja (g; [·,·]) uma álgebra de Lie com uma estrutura complexa integrável J. Os ± i-auto-espaços de J são subálgebras complexas de gC isomorfas a álgebra (g; [*]J ) com colchete [X * Y ]J = ½ ([X, Y ] - [JX, JY ]). Consideramos, no capítulo 2, o caso onde estas subálgebras são nilpotentes e mostramos que a álgebra de Lie original (g, [·,·]) é solúvel. Consideramos também o caso 6-dimensional e determinamos explicitamente a única álgebra de Lie possível (g; [*]J ). Finalizamos esse capítulo pruduzindo vários exemplos ilustrando diferentes situações, em particular mostramos que para cada s existe g com estrutura complexa J tal que (g; [*]J ) é s-passos nilpotente. Exemplos similares para estruturas hipercomplexas são também construidos. No capítulo 3 consideramos o caso onde os ±i-auto-espaços de J são subálgebras complexas solúveis e a álgebra complexa é uma álgebra de Lie semi-simples. Mostramos que, se a álgebra real é compacta, uma tal estrutura complexa depende unicamente de um subespaço da subálgebra de Cartan. Finalizamos esse capítulo considerando o caso em que as subálgebras solúveis complexas estão contidas em subálgebras de Borel de uma órbita aberta da ação dos automorfismos internos da álgebra real. Mostramos que, assim como no caso compacto, as estruturas complexas são determinandas, de modo único, por subespaços da subálgebra de Cartan. Ao final da tese apresentamos um procedimento, elaborado em MAPLE, que possibilita testar a identidade de Jacobi quando os colchetes de Lie são dados pelas constantes de estrutura / Abstract: Let (g; [·,·]) be a Lie algebra with an integrable complex structure J. The ±i eigenspaces of J are complex subalgebras of gC isomorphic to the algebra (g; [*]J )with bracket [X * Y ]J = ½ ([X, Y ] - [JX, JY ]). We consider, in chapter three, thecase where these subalgebras are nilpotent and prove that the original Lie algebra(g, [·,·]) must be solvable. We consider also the 6-dimensional case and determineexplicitly the possible nilpotent Lie algebras (g; [*]J ). We finish this chapter byproducing several examples illustrating different situations, in particular we showthat for each given s there exists g with complex structure J such that (g; [*]J ) iss-step nilpotent. Similar examples of hypercomplex structures are also built.In Chapter 3 we consider the case where the ± i eigenspaces of J are solvablecomplex subalgebras and gC is a semisimple Lie algebra. We prove that, if g is compact, such a complex structure comes from a subspace of the Cartan subalgebra.We finish this chapter by considering the case where the solvable complex subalgebras are contained in Borel subalgebras of an open orbit of the action of inner automorphisms of the real algebra.At the end of the thesis we present an algorithm, made in MAPLE, that allowus to verify the Jacobi identity when the Lie brackets are defined by the structureconstants / Doutorado / Mestre em Matemática

Orientador: Dessislava H. Kochloukova / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Matematica, Estatistica e Computação Cientifica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T18:15:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodrigues_ClaudenirFreire_D.pdf: 1150293 bytes, checksum: 63045fd15f6ef421699cbcf26de55d92 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: Neste trabalho estudamos grupos abstratos finitamente gerados G que são extensões cindidas de um grupo abeliano A por um grupo Q nilpotente de classe 2. Mostramos que se G tem tipo homológico F P3, então o quociente G/N também tem tipo homológico F P3 onde N é o fecho normal do centro de Q em G. Observamos que não existe classificação quando G pode ter tipo FP3, nem classificação para tipo F P2 ou ser finitamente apresentável. Por causa disso nós trabalhamos com um quociente especifico de G. Ainda fica em aberto se cada quociente de G tem tipo FP3 quando G tem tipo FP3. Observamos que isso vale quando G é grupo metabeliano, nesse caso a teoria de Bieri-Strebel pode ser aplicada / Abstract: We study abstract finitely generated groups G that are split extensions from A abelian group by Q nilpotent group of class two. We show that if G has homological type FP3 then the quotient group GjN has homological type FP3 too, where N is the normal closure of the center of Q in G. Since there is no classification when G is of type FP3, nor when G is of type FP2 or finitely presented we work with one specific quotient. It is an open problem whether every quotient of G has type F P3. This holds if G is a metabelian group and in this case the Bieri-Strebel theory applies / Doutorado / Doutor em Matemática

京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(理学) / 甲第22972号 / 理博第4649号 / 新制||理||1668(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院理学研究科数学・数理解析専攻 / (主査)教授 藤原 耕二, 教授 山口 孝男, 教授 入谷 寛 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

Submitted by Cássia Santos (cassia.bcufg@gmail.com) on 2014-09-18T15:33:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Yerko Contreras Rojas.pdf: 673331 bytes, checksum: 5359343f8c3a32e21369c3bc57917634 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2014-09-18T15:43:59Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Yerko Contreras Rojas.pdf: 673331 bytes, checksum: 5359343f8c3a32e21369c3bc57917634 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-18T15:43:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao Yerko Contreras Rojas.pdf: 673331 bytes, checksum: 5359343f8c3a32e21369c3bc57917634 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This document presents an approach and development of some of the results of Shumyatsky in [14, 15, 16, 17, 18], where he worked with automorphisms of order two in finite groups of odd order, mainly showing the influence that the structure of the centralizer has on that of Group. Let G be a group with odd order, and ϕ an automorphism on G, of order two, where G = [G,ϕ], and given a limitation in the order of the centralizer of ϕ regard to G, CG(ϕ), which induces a limitation in the order of derived group G′ of group G, and we also verified that G has a normal subgroup H that is ϕ-invariant, such that H′ ≤ Gϕ and its index [G : H] is bounded with the initial limitation. With the same hypothesis of the group G and with the same limitation of the order of the centralizer of the automorphism, let V a abelian p-group such that G⟨ϕ⟩ act faithful and irreductible on V, then there is a bounded constant k, limitated by a function depending only on the parameter m, where m is tha limitation in the order of CG(ϕ), and elements x1, ...xk ∈ G−ϕ such that V = ρϕx 1,...,xk(V−ϕ). / O trabalho baseia-se na apresentação e desenvolvimento de alguns resultados expostos por Shumyatsky em [14, 15, 16, 17, 18], onde trabalha com automorfismos de ordem dois em grupos de ordem ímpar, mostrando fundamentalmente a influência da estrutura do centralizador do automorfismo na estrutura do grupo. Seja G um grupo de ordem ímpar e ϕ um automorfismo de G, de ordem dois, tal que G = [G,ϕ], dada uma limitação na ordem do centralizador de ϕ em G, CG(ϕ), a mesma induz uma limitação na ordem do grupo derivado G′ do grupo G, além disso verificamos que G tem um subgrupo H normal ϕ-invariante, tal que H′ ≤ Gϕ e o índice [G : H] é limitado dependendo da limitação inicial de CG(ϕ). Nas mesmas hipóteses do grupo G e com a mesma limitação da ordem do centralizador do automorfismo, seja V um p-grupo abeliano, tal que G⟨ϕ⟩ age fiel e irredutivelmente sobre V, então existe uma constante k, limitada por uma função que depende só da limitação de CG(ϕ), e elementos x1, ...xk ∈ G−ϕ, tal que V = ρϕx 1,...,xk(V−ϕ).

<p dir="ltr">In this article, we establish results concerning the nilpotent representation theory of groups. In particular, we utilize a theorem of Stallings to provide a general method that constructs pairs of groups that have isomorphic universal nilpotent quotients. We then prove by counterexample that absolute Galois groups of number fields are not determined by their universal nilpotent quotients. We also show that this is the case for residually nilpotent Kleinian groups and in fact, there exist non-isomorphic pairs that have arbitrarily large nilpotent genus. We additionally provide examples of non-isomorphic curves whose geometric fundamental groups have isomorphic universal nilpotent quotients and the isomorphisms are compatible with the outer Galois actions. </p>

This thesis is concerned with aspects of the model theory of infinite soluble groups. The results proved lie on the border between group theory and model theory: the questions asked are of a model-theoretic nature but the techniques used are mainly group-theoretic in character. We present a characterization of those groups contained in the universal closure of a restricted wreath product U wr G, where U is an abelian group of zero or finite square-free exponent and G is a torsion-free soluble group with a bound on the class of its nilpotent subgroups. For certain choices of G we are able to use this characterization to prove further results about these groups; in particular, results related to the decidability of their universal theories. The latter part of this work consists of a number of independent but related topics. We show that if G is a finitely generated abelian-by-metanilpotent group and H is elementarily equivalent to G then the subgroups gamma_n(G) and gamma_n(H) are elementarily equivalent, as are the quotient groups G/gamma_n(G) and G/gamma_n(H). We go on to consider those groups universally equivalent to F_2(VN_c), where the free groups of the variety V are residually finite p-groups for infinitely many primes p, distinguishing between the cases when c = 1 and when c > 2. Finally, we address some important questions concerning the theories of free groups in product varieties V_k · · ·V_1, where V_i is a nilpotent variety whose free groups are torsion-free; in particular we address questions about the decidability of the elementary and universal theories of such groups. Results mentioned in both of the previous two paragraphs have applications here.

Abstract in English / The research will analyze and compare the current research on the spectral factorization of non-singular and singular matrices. We show that a nonsingular non-scalar matrix A can be written as a product A = BC where the eigenvalues of B and C are arbitrarily prescribed subject to the condition that the product of the eigenvalues of B and C must be equal to the determinant of A. Further, B and C can be simultaneously triangularised as a lower and upper triangular matrix respectively. Singular matrices will be factorized in terms of nilpotent matrices and otherwise over an arbitrary or complex field in order to present an integrated and detailed report on the current state of research in this area. Applications related to unipotent, positive-definite, commutator, involutory and Hermitian factorization are studied for non-singular matrices, while applications related to positive-semidefinite matrices are investigated for singular matrices. We will consider the theorems found in Sourour [24] and Laffey [17] to show that a non-singular non-scalar matrix can be factorized spectrally. The same two articles will be used to show applications to unipotent, positive-definite and commutator factorization. Applications related to Hermitian factorization will be considered in [26]. Laffey [18] shows that a non-singular matrix A with det A = ±1 is a product of four involutions with certain conditions on the arbitrary field. To aid with this conclusion a thorough study is made of Hoffman [13], who shows that an invertible linear transformation T of a finite dimensional vector space over a field is a product of two involutions if and only if T is similar to T−1. Sourour shows in [24] that if A is an n × n matrix over an arbitrary field containing at least n + 2 elements and if det A = ±1, then A is the product of at most four involutions. We will review the work of Wu [29] and show that a singular matrix A of order n ≥ 2 over the complex field can be expressed as a product of two nilpotent matrices, where the rank of each of the factors is the same as A, except when A is a 2 × 2 nilpotent matrix of rank one. Nilpotent factorization of singular matrices over an arbitrary field will also be investigated. Laffey [17] shows that the result of Wu, which he established over the complex field, is also valid over an arbitrary field by making use of a special matrix factorization involving similarity to an LU factorization. His proof is based on an application of Fitting's Lemma to express, up to similarity, a singular matrix as a direct sum of a non-singular and nilpotent matrix, and then to write the non-singular component as a product of a lower and upper triangular matrix using a matrix factorization theorem of Sourour [24]. The main theorem by Sourour and Tang [26] will be investigated to highlight the necessary and sufficient conditions for a singular matrix to be written as a product of two matrices with prescribed eigenvalues. This result is used to prove applications related to positive-semidefinite matrices for singular matrices. / National Research Foundation of South Africa / Mathematical Sciences / M Sc. (Mathematics)