Denna uppsats gör med hjälp av Erwin Panofskys ikonologiska metod en analys av en serie på nitton porträtt av kända 1600-tals män. Dessa porträtt, vilka idag är placerade i biblioteket på Skoklosters slott utreds i sin ikonografi och sätts in i ett större ikonografiskt sammanhang. Porträtten har ett unikt utseende då de är målade på furupannå och sedan kontursågade kring den porträtterades huvud. Avsikten med uppsatsen är att förstå deras syfte och ursprung. Uppsatsen behandlar frågor som varför man har valt att göra dessa porträtt och om det finns en koppling mellan dessa och bibliotekskonst i stort. Likväl vilka som är avporträtterade, varför just dessa personer är det och vem som låtit göra porträtten undersöks. Det är en uppsats som till stora delar handlar om det adliga idealet på 1600-talet och hur det gav sitt uttryck i konsten. / This essay does, with the help of Erwin Panofsky’s iconological method, provide an analysis of a series of nineteen portraits of famous men of the 17th century. These portraits, which today are placed in the library of Skokloster castle, are analysed in their iconography, and placed in a larger iconographic context. The portraits all have unique appearances, since they are painted on pine panel and then sawed after the contour of the head of the portrayed. The aim with the essay is to understand purpose and origin of the portraits. The essay deals with questions such as why these portraits were chosen to be made, and if a connection exists between these works and library art in a bigger context. Who is being portrayed, why these people in particular, and who has taken the initiative of making the portraits are questions that are investigated as well. It is an essay that to a large extent treats the noble ideal of the 17th century, and how it gave its expression to art.

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of History, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references (p. 76-85).

abstract: After being awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2009, Herta Müller attained great prominence around the world. Commentators, especially in English-speaking countries, seemed shocked by the decision. One of the primary concerns was that Müller was relatively unknown. This thesis seeks to address this and other concerns by looking at reviews of her works in German- and English-language publications both before and after the Nobel Prize was awarded. This thesis analyses chronologically the reception of her books beginning with Niederungen in 1982 and ending with the reception of her novel Atemschaukel in 2009. It compares the reception of the original German text to that of the English translation; therefore only works which have been translated and published in English are discussed. The study also shows that while Müller's work did not top the bestseller charts, at least before the Nobel Prize, she was hardly the completely unknown author that some in the English-language media believed. This thesis seeks to present trends in the reception as well as provide a basis for further study of the reception of Herta Müller. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. German 2011

of PhD Theses The Thesis is centred around the influence the Lazansky of Bukova aristocratic family had on the artistic environment in the Czech lands from the 16th to 20th century. On the background of their cultural-historical monograph, the author introduces the individual family member's construction and patronage activities, the development of their art collections and the wider context. Using the interdisciplinary research, the author con- fronts the results of his own work with the conclusions of previous researchers. He chal- lenges some of the earlier hypotheses for the Early Modern Age and draws from the untapped sources a wealth of information about the Lazansky family cultural activities in the modern history. He compares the resulting summary with the realizations of other aristocratic families in the Czech lands and in Central Europe. The author's efforts result is the first comprehensive view of the Lazansky of Bukova family in the wider context of cultural history, and in the rehabilitation of their role in artistic patronage. Keywords: Lazansky of Bukova, Marie Gabriela Lazansky, Prokop Lazansky, patronage, art collections, noble families, Manetin, Rabstejn nad Strelou, Chyse, Lubenec.

The aim of this thesis was to verify the success of previous reintroduction of noble crayfish (Astacus astacus) in main streams and selected reservoirs in the protected area Třeboňsko. Further expansion took place monitoring invasive signal crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus) and spiny cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus) in these streams. Both are a carrier of crayfish plague. Thus, where they already exist, would not make sense to try to strengthen further the population of noble crayfish.

Nesta tese de doutorado apresentamos os resultados de quatro tópicos referentes a estudos de propriedades elétricas que são interpretados com o auxílio da Teoria Quântica de Átomos em Moléculas (QTAIM). No primeiro deles, foram calculados momentos de dipolo e suas derivadas através de um novo formalismo de divisão de átomos em moléculas, baseado em campos de forças de Ehrenfest (CFE), sendo que estes dados são comparados com aqueles advindos da QTAIM. Desta forma, um modelo alternativo de partição em carga - fluxo de carga - fluxo de dipolo (CFCFD) é discutido para derivadas do momento dipolar. Os resultados gerais obtidos pelo formalismo CFE foram satisfatórios em termos quantitativos, embora QTAIM ainda fornece uma descrição mais apropriada destes fenômenos das polarizações atômicas e de suas variações durante vibrações. Na sequência, investigamos os Atratores Não Nucleares (NNAs), que são identificados através de uma análise QTAIM da densidade eletrônica. O nosso intuito foi descobrir novas moléculas que apresentam essa peculiaridade, bem como encontrar padrões entre os casos encontrados que permitam contribuir para o entendimento dos fatores que levam ao seu aparecimento. Para isso trabalhamos com moléculas diatômicas homonucleares de elementos representativos com números atômicos que variavam de Z=1 até Z=38 e moléculas heteronucleares formadas pela combinação dos mesmos. Os nossos dados mostram que NNAs podem ser encontrados em alguns pontos dentro da faixa de distâncias internucleares investigada para quase todos os sistemas diatômicos homonucleares, exceto para as moléculas de Hidrogênio, Hélio e Estrôncio. Por sua vez, encontramos trinta casos de NNAs em sistemas heteronucleares, muitos dos quais ainda inéditos na literatura. Descobrimos também que a polarizabilidade atômica aparentemente tem um papel importante na explicação dos casos encontrados. Tratamos também de moléculas contendo interações fracas como as de Van der Waals (moléculas tri-atômicas contendo um gás nobre ligado a um composto diatômico iônico) de modo a investigar os valores de dipolos atômicos QTAIM de uma maneira mais direta, ou seja, via comparação com um modelo simples para estes compostos. Por fim, estudamos moléculas em estados excitados, sendo que nossa análise focou em dois casos peculiares (CO e de CF2N2) que apresentam momento de dipolo nulo no estado fundamental, enquanto valores significativos desta propriedade são observados em seus primeiros estados excitados. Desta forma, QTAIM foi fundamental para compreender como o processo de excitação pode levar à mudanças tão significativas em tais propriedades elétricas. / In this PhD thesis we present the results of four different topics that refer to a study of electric properties interpreted with The Quantum Theory of Atoms and Molecules (QTAIM). First, dipole moments and their derivatives were calculated from a new formalism based on Ehrenfest Force Fields (EFF) and a comparison with data from QTAIM is carried out. Therefore, the Charge-Charge Flux-Dipole Flux (CCFDF) model was discussed for the dipole moment derivatives. The results from EFF were satisfactory in quantitative terms although QTAIM still seems to be better for the description of atomic polarization and its variations during vibrations. In the sequence, we investigated the Non-Nuclear Attractors (NNAs) that could be identified with the QTAIM formalism. Our intention was to discover new molecules that present this peculiarity, as well as to find trends among these cases that allow contributing for the understanding of the factors that lead to their appearance. For this purpose, we selected homonuclear diatomic molecules of elements presenting atomic numbers ranging from Z=1 to Z=38 and heteronuclear diatomic molecules containing these same elements. Our data shows that NNAs could be found in almost every homonuclear molecule expect by the systems formed by Hydrogen, Helium, and Strontium. On other hand, we have found 30 cases of NNAs in heteronuclear molecules, many of them seen for the first time. We also have noticed that the atomic polarizabilities play a main role in the understanding of these cases. We also treated molecules containing weak Van der Waals interactions (triatomic complexes presenting a noble gas bonded to a diatomic ionic molecule) in order to investigate the atomic dipole values obtained with QTAIM in a direct way, that is, by means of a comparison using a simple model for this kind of bonding. Finally, we studied molecules in excited states. Our focus was in two peculiar cases (CO and CF2N2), which present null dipole moments in their ground states but exhibit significant dipole moment values in their first excited states. Therefore, QTAIM was fundamental to understand how the excitation process can lead to important changes in electric properties.

Le développement de méthodes rapides, précises et ultra-sensibles pour la détection d'analytes cibles en solution est crucial pour la recherche et les applications potentielles en médecine ou biologie moléculaire. Une approche très prometteuse consiste à développer des nano-capteurs à partir de nano-objets métalliques (NOM) qui présentent une résonance d'extinction dans leur réponse optique. Cette résonance nommée résonance de plasmon de surface localisée (RPSL) peut être ajustée spectralement en jouant sur la nature, la morphologie et l'environnement du NOM. Mesurer des modifications sur la RPSL de nano-objets individuels en présence d'analytes cibles doit permettre de s'affranchir des effets de moyennes dans les mesures d'ensemble. De plus, cela ouvre la voie vers le développement d'échantillons micrométriques pour des tests multicibles sans étiquette (« label-free »).Dans ce travail on a développé un nouveau dispositif expérimental basé sur la technique de spectroscopie à modulation spatiale (SMS) permettant de sonder la réponse optique de NOM individuels en milieu liquide. En parallèle des méthodes de synthèse ont été mises au point pour obtenir des échantillons sondes stables permettant des mesures sur NOM unique, en particulier sur des bipyramides d'or qui présentent de nombreuses qualités intrinsèques faisant d'elles de bonnes candidates pour le « bio-sensing ».Des mesures ont été réalisées dans des environnements d'indice variable et les changements détectés sont en bon accord avec les simulations théoriques. De plus, de nombreuses études ont été réalisées pour comprendre l'influence des nombreux paramètres agissant sur la réponse optique des systèmes étudiés / Advances in the development of rapid, accurate and highly sensitive methods for detecting target analytes in solution will provide crucial tools for research and applications in medicine and molecular biology. One of the currently most promising approaches is the development of nanosensors based on the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of noble metal nano-objects (MNOs), which is an optical response that depends on their size, shape, composition and local environment. The ability to measure the modification of the reponse of a single MNO in the presence of a target analyte would allow each object to act as an independent probe with increased sensitivity as the signal would be isolated from the averaging effects of ensemble measurements. Furthermore it would allow the development of micrometric, functionalized multiprobe samples for multitarget label-free assays.In this work, a novel experimental setup based on the spatial modulation spectroscopy (SMS) technique has been developed to measure the optical response of individual nano-objects in a liquid environment. In parallel, a new technique has also been developed to elaborate stable probes for measurements with the new setup, with a focus on gold bipyramids due to numerous qualities that make them excellent candidates for biosensing probes. The setup has been used to measure the response of individual objects in environments of different real refractive indices and the detected changes have been shown to be in good agreement with theoretical calculations. Numerical studies have also been performed to investigate the influence on the optical response of numerous factors encountered in the studied systems

This dissertation discusses the potential of the snare drum as a solo concert instrument. Four pieces from a collection entitled The Noble Snare are used for demonstration ("Homily" by Milton Babbitt, "Composed Improvisation for Snare Drum" by John Cage, "Peeping Tom" by Dan Senn, and "The Noble Snare" by Stuart Saunders Smith). In the absence of many traditional musical devices (i.e. melody and harmony), alternative means of expression are used by the composer. Each piece is discussed with regard to its distinctive compositional approach and inherent performance issues. Information is also given pertaining to the background of the Noble Snare series. This includes: the inspiration for the project, editorial issues, and its influence on snare drum performance. Much of this research was completed through interviews by with author with Sylvia Smith, publisher of The Noble Snare and owner of Smith Publications.

The present dissertation outlines the main phases of the development of exoticism: its evolution from the discovery of Tahiti and its basic manifestations and transformations in French and Czech literature from the end of the eighteenth century to the 1930's. It focuses on the birth of the myth of Tahiti as a heavenly place (Bougainville), on its immediate philosophical interpretation in the period of Enlightenment (Diderot) and on its transposition to literature in a broader shape. At times, the island of Tahiti was gradually vanishing from the exotic myth behind another, more indefinite, exotic and ideal place, culture etc., while at other times, the presence of Tahiti was absolutely crucial. In the first half of the nineteenth century, the myth of the exotic paradise renewed literature and enriched it with new themes and motives (Chateaubriand, Romanticism), which, however, led progressively to the creation of simplified schemes and clichés. These, due to their repetitive nature, degraded the image of the myth (Loti). Although the superficial and unsophisticated adaptation of exoticism lasted until the twentieth century (Havlasa, Novák), in the meantime, from the second half of the nineteenth century, the myth of Tahiti was being radically reassessed and transposed to literature in a new way....

Par un édit de janvier 1751 Louis XV créa l’Ecole royale militaire de Paris. Elle devait accueillir 500 boursiers du roi. En raison d’insuffisances notoires elle fut scindée en deux. Les enfants devaient acquérir les connaissances de base à La Flèche avant de rejoindre Paris. Ce système jugé coûteux fut réformé en 1776 par le comte de Saint-Germain. L’éducation des jeunes gens se fit, en province, dans des écoles tenues par des religieux puis à Paris ou dans des régiments. Peu de congrégations étaient susceptibles d’accueillir les boursiers ; celle de Saint-Maur obtint 6 collèges dont Pontlevoy. Quel enseignement y était donné ? Que lui apporta la présence de 50 boursiers du roi, chaque année, entre 1777 et 1793 ? Outre la réponse à ces questions, il fallait s’intéresser aux boursiers eux-mêmes, à leur origine, à leurs parents et à leurs revenus. Les règles de l’édit furent-elles respectées ? Les réformes de Saint-Germain visaient à améliorer le sort de cette noblesse provinciale, à récompenser ses talents. Le but fut-il atteint ? / It was not until 1751 when Louis XV succeeded in establishing the Ecole royale militaire de Paris, intending to enroll 500 disadvantaged noble youths. Due to well-known learning deficiencies among many of the pupils, the school was split in two. Younger students studied at the lower school in La Flèche before being sent to Paris. Saint-Germain reformed this costly system in 1776, ordering that the first level of education be entrusted to twelve monastery colleges, spread among the provinces. Afterwards, the king’s pupils would go on to Paris or would enter the army. Few religious orders disposed of the means necessary to educate these pupils. The Benedictine order of Saint-Maur took charge of six colleges. Among them was Pontlevoy. What kind of education should be provided? What economic impact would be caused by the arrival of the new pupils? Additionally, who were these pupils, what was their parents’ income? Did the established rules abide by the terms of the law? Did Saint-Germain achieve his goal of promoting the talents of the king’s pupils and of enhancing the status of the provincial nobility?