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5 Abstract The dissertation thesis occupy by defining of volunteering characteristics. There are some questions about what the volunteering should be and what shouldn't be, what is volunteering motivation and what is volunteering background in Czech Republic. Afterwards it is occupy by of volunteering management for purposes of quality management, specifically in recruitment, education, audit and evaluation, risk management or quality standard defining. There is a research of managers and volunteers from profit and non-profit organisations about their access to volunteering and to each other. Afterwards there is an analysis of interviews and their evaluation. The conclusion contain some description of new phenomenon of volunteering in Czech environment and there is also evaluation of its' practical impact.

What does the Swedish church Västerås stand for today according to the employees and how do they want to profile themselves to the target group? What image and what expectations does the target group have of the Swedish church Västerås? How can the Swedish church Västerås communicate uniform, with the intent to create mutual value with the target group? The purpose of the study is to make recommendations to the Swedish church Västerås for their prospective communication plan by examining their profile and target group's image and expectations of the organization. The study also aims to examine how the Swedish church Västerås can communicate their brand uniform. The study applies a qualitative research with deductive approach. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with a sample of the employees and focus groups with a sample of the target group. Better match between profile and image means that SkVs employees better understand the organization and can communicate more uniform which leads to a stronger brand identity. If SkV understands what is relevant for their target group, they can reduce the total cost of customer delivered value and thus increase the total value. By increasing brand awareness SkV can create positive associations, by focusing on what is most relevant to the target group, which is less religious aspects of the business and a more emotional relationship. This contributes to increased value for SkV and the target group when a mutual relationship is created. / Vad står Svenska kyrkan Västerås för idag enligt de anställda och hur vill de profilera sig mot målgruppen? Vilken image och vilka förväntningar finns hos målgruppen på Svenska kyrkan i Västerås? Hur ska Svenska kyrkan Västerås kommunicera enhetligt med avsikt att skapa ömsesidigt värde med målgruppen? Studiens syfte är ge rekommendationer till Svenska kyrkan Västerås för den blivande kommunikationsplanen genom att undersöka deras profil samt målgruppens image och förväntningar på organisationen. Studien syftar även till att undersöka hur Svenska kyrkan Västerås kan kommunicera sitt varumärke enhetligt. Studien tillämpar en kvalitativ forskningsmetod med deduktiv ansats. Data samlades in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med personal samt fokusgrupper bestående av ett urval av målgruppen. Bättre överensstämmelse mellan profil och image innebär att SkVs anställda får större förståelse för organisationen och kan kommunicera mer enhetligt vilket leder till en starkare varumärkesidentitet. Om SkV förstår vad som är relevant för sin målgrupp kan de minska den totala kostnaden för customer delivered value och på så sätt öka det totala värdet. Genom att öka varumärkeskännedom kan SkV skapa positiva associationer till varumärket, genom det mest relevanta för målgruppen med mindre religiösa inslag i verksamheten och en mer emotionella relation. Detta bidrar till ökat värde för SkV och målgruppen då en ömsesidig relation skapas.

Orientador: Ana Maria Freire da Palma Marques de Almeida / Banca: Manuel Carlos Chaparro / Banca: Antonio Carlos de Jesus / Banca: Lauro Frederico Barbosa da Silveira / Banca: Jorge Kanehide Ijuim / Resumo: A tese de doutorado denominada "Avaliação dos impactos das propagandas políticas 'Amigos da Escola' no âmbito escolar" descreve e avalia os impactos que a campanha publicitária da Rede Globo de Televisão causou nos sujeitos informantes: alunos do Curso de Pós-graduação em Educação da Unesp, Faculdade de Ciências de Bauru; professores universitários e comunicadores, usuários do site Comunique-se. A campanha tem como objetivo o chamamento de voluntários para participarem das ações político-sócio-pedagógicas nas escolas da rede pública. Durante o experimento, coletamos os dados, através de questionário composto por perguntas semifechadas, fechadas e abertas. A metodologia e os resultados foram embasados pelo referencial da semiótica fenomenológica de Charles Sanders Peirce. Os resultados quantitativos mostram que a proposta da campanha foi aceita por 59% dos informantes. Trata-se de um resultado positivo, visto que pela primeira vez temos uma campanha publicitária televisiva que se propõe a mobilizar a sociedade organizada civil (terceiro setor), se não para participar ativamente dos problemas da escola pública brasileira, pelo menos para tomar conhecimento sobre eles. / Abstract: This doctorate thesis named Avaliação dos Impactos da Propaganda Política 'Amigos da Escola' no Âmbito Escolar (Evaluation of the Impacts of the Publicity Campaign 'Schools Friends' on a Sample of Informants) describes and evaluates the impacts of the Brazilian TV station Rede Globo's publicity campaign on its informants. These were postgraduates in Science Education from Faculdade de Ciências in the city of Bauru, São Paulo state; college professors; media professionals and Comunique-se website users. The data were collected through interviews with the informants which were revised and formatted so they were closed, semi-open and open questions. Based on Peircean semiotics, the analysis revealed that the proposal of that campaign was approved of by 59% of the informants, which is a positive result provided it is the first time there is a TV publicity campaign aimed to mobilize non-profit organisations at national level either to help schools run by the Brazilian government improve or to be aware of their problems. / Doutor

The thesis is focused on the possibilities in the management of the intergenerational programmes. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the issue of intergenerational learning from the point of view of the management of educational institutions and to create a proposal of methodology for intergenerational programs management. The first part discusses the management in general, educational management and the characterization and classification of educational institutions and the scope of non-profit organizations. It also deals with lifelong learning and defines intergenerational learning as one of its forms. It deals with the categorization of intergenerational learning and the definition of its linkage in formal, non-formal and informal learning. The work defines the concept of age management, describes its implementation in practice and focuses on the topic of intergenerational programs, their specification, categorization and definition of their benefits and risks. The second part is focused on the content analysis of strategic and curricular documents in the Czech Republic and abroad and analyses the possibilities of cooperation of educational institutions in intergenerational programs in the Czech Republic and foreign countries. It summarizes the benefits of intergenerational programs and presents...

<p>Scandinavian countries are usually assumed to be less disposed than other countries to involve associations as welfare producers. They are assumed to be so disinclined due to their strong statutory welfare involvement, which “crowds-out” associational welfare production; their ethnic, cultural and religious homogeneity, which leads to a lack of minority interests in associational welfare production; and to their strong working-class organisations, which are supposed to prefer statutory welfare solutions. These assumptions are questioned here, because they cannot account for salient associational welfare production in the welfare areas of housing and child-care in two Scandinavian countries, Sweden and Norway.</p><p>In order to approach an explanation for the phenomena of associational welfare production in Sweden and Norway, some refinements of current theories are suggested. First, it is argued that welfare associations usually depend on statutory support in order to produce welfare on a salient level. Second, it is supposed that any form of particularistic interest in welfare production, not only ethnic, cultural or religious minority interests, can lead to associational welfare.</p><p>With respect to these assumptions, this thesis supposes that political parties are organisations that, on one hand, influence statutory decisions regarding associational welfare production, and, on the other hand, pursue particularistic interests in associational welfare production. It is hypothesised that political parties attempt to mould statutory decisions on associational welfare provision in accordance with the interests of associations with “congruent constituencies.”</p><p>The aim of this thesis is to examine whether political party preferences for certain welfare associations might help to explain variations in statutory support for associational welfare provision. Two questions are raised: First, do parties differ in their attempts to influence statutory subventions and regulations of associational welfare provision, resulting in more or less favourable conditions for associational welfare? Second, do parties systematically differ in their policies with regard to more or less “congruent” associations?</p><p>In order to investigate these questions, a comparison is made between political parties’ attempts to influence statutory regulation and subvention of Norwegian and Swedish associations active in the areas of day-care and housing. For this purpose, information is drawn from public documents and official statistics in order to identify more or less favourable policies and related partisan policies. In addition, supportive parties and favoured associations are compared with regard to their “constituencies.”</p><p>The findings partly support the hypothesis. Although political parties partly pursued consensually association-friendly policies, they often varied their support for welfare associations, whereby both right-wing and left-wing parties partly advocated and partly rejected association-friendly policies in a conflicting way, resulting in varied degrees of statutory support. Furthermore, supportive parties shared “congruent constituencies” with those associations supported by respective parties’ policies. These findings indicate that partisan policies indeed make a difference for associational welfare production, whereby parties of any political colour can support associational solutions. Furthermore, partisan policies vary according to the involved associations’ more or less “congruent constituencies,” which can pursue welfare production out of various particularistic interests, be they religious-cultural or socio-economic in nature.</p>

Scandinavian countries are usually assumed to be less disposed than other countries to involve associations as welfare producers. They are assumed to be so disinclined due to their strong statutory welfare involvement, which “crowds-out” associational welfare production; their ethnic, cultural and religious homogeneity, which leads to a lack of minority interests in associational welfare production; and to their strong working-class organisations, which are supposed to prefer statutory welfare solutions. These assumptions are questioned here, because they cannot account for salient associational welfare production in the welfare areas of housing and child-care in two Scandinavian countries, Sweden and Norway. In order to approach an explanation for the phenomena of associational welfare production in Sweden and Norway, some refinements of current theories are suggested. First, it is argued that welfare associations usually depend on statutory support in order to produce welfare on a salient level. Second, it is supposed that any form of particularistic interest in welfare production, not only ethnic, cultural or religious minority interests, can lead to associational welfare. With respect to these assumptions, this thesis supposes that political parties are organisations that, on one hand, influence statutory decisions regarding associational welfare production, and, on the other hand, pursue particularistic interests in associational welfare production. It is hypothesised that political parties attempt to mould statutory decisions on associational welfare provision in accordance with the interests of associations with “congruent constituencies.” The aim of this thesis is to examine whether political party preferences for certain welfare associations might help to explain variations in statutory support for associational welfare provision. Two questions are raised: First, do parties differ in their attempts to influence statutory subventions and regulations of associational welfare provision, resulting in more or less favourable conditions for associational welfare? Second, do parties systematically differ in their policies with regard to more or less “congruent” associations? In order to investigate these questions, a comparison is made between political parties’ attempts to influence statutory regulation and subvention of Norwegian and Swedish associations active in the areas of day-care and housing. For this purpose, information is drawn from public documents and official statistics in order to identify more or less favourable policies and related partisan policies. In addition, supportive parties and favoured associations are compared with regard to their “constituencies.” The findings partly support the hypothesis. Although political parties partly pursued consensually association-friendly policies, they often varied their support for welfare associations, whereby both right-wing and left-wing parties partly advocated and partly rejected association-friendly policies in a conflicting way, resulting in varied degrees of statutory support. Furthermore, supportive parties shared “congruent constituencies” with those associations supported by respective parties’ policies. These findings indicate that partisan policies indeed make a difference for associational welfare production, whereby parties of any political colour can support associational solutions. Furthermore, partisan policies vary according to the involved associations’ more or less “congruent constituencies,” which can pursue welfare production out of various particularistic interests, be they religious-cultural or socio-economic in nature.

The conditions for the third, non-profit sector, such as grassroots organisations and trade unions, have changed dramatically in recent years, due to prevailing social trends. Non-profit organisations have been seen as early adopters of information technology, but the area is, at the same time, largely unattended by scientific research. Meanwhile, the field of information systems development is, to an increasing extent, recognising the importance of user involvement in the design process. Nevertheless, participatory development approaches, such as Participatory Design are not suited to the context of entire organisations, and new, networked organisational structures, such as those of non-profit organisations. This reasoning also applies to the theoretical framework of Activity Theory, whose potential benefits for systems development have been acclaimed but less often tried in practice. This thesis aims, first, at extending Participatory Design to use in large, particularly non-profit organisations. This aim is partly achieved by integrating Participatory Design with an Argumentative Design approach and with the application of Activity Theory modified for an organisational context. The purpose is to obtain reasoning about and foreseeing the consequences of different design solutions. Second, the thesis aims at exploring information technology needs, solutions, and consequences in non-profit organisations, in trade unions in particular. The case under study is the Swedish Trade Union Confederation (LO) and the design of an information system for its 250 000 shop stewards. The thesis is based on six related studies complemented with data from work in a local design group working according to the principles of Participatory Design. The first study was aimed at investigating and comparing trade union management’s view of the new technology and the actual needs of shop stewards. The second study investigated the situation, tasks and problems of shop stewards, as a pre-requisite for finding information technology needs. The third study merged the previous findings into an argumentative design of an information systems design proposal. The fourth study collected the voices from secondary user groups in the organisation, and presented an Activity theoretical analysis of the union organisation and a modified design proposal in the form of a prototype. The fifth study presented an Activity theoretical framework, modified for organisational application, and used it for producing hypotheses on possible shop steward tasks and organisational consequences of the implementation of the information system. The sixth paper was aimed at the initial testing of the hypotheses, through the evaluation of information technology facilities in one of the individual union affiliations. The complementary data was used to propose further modifications of the integrated Participatory, Argumentative, and Activity Theory design approach. The major contributions of the study are, first, a modified Participatory Design approach to be applied at three levels; in general as a way of overcoming experienced difficulties with the original approach, in the context of entire, large organisations, and in the specific non-profit organisation context. The second contribution is generated knowledge in the new research area of information technology in the non-profit, trade union context, where for instance the presented prototype can be seen as a source of inspiration. Future research directions include further development and formalisation of the integrated Participatory Design approach, as well as actual consequences of implementing information technology in non-profit organisations and trade unions. / On the day of the public defence the status of article V was: Submitted.

Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2016 / In Limpopo Province, the delivery of social welfare services is the joint responsibility of the Limpopo DSD and NPOs. The current NPO sector is organisationally configured to have strong partnerships with the public and corporate sectors due to diminished donations from individual and private donors. The Limpopo DSD conserves this beneficial partnership by providing financial support to organisations that render services that are in line with its priorities and also address the strategic objectives of the department. All these partners play a crucial role in ensuring that the poor, vulnerable and excluded people within the South African society secure a better life for themselves. The aim of this study is to determine the reasons behind the incongruence in the funding of NPOs and the services they offer to communities as expected by the Limpopo Department of Social Development in South Africa. The literature reviews concur that successful implementation of developmental social welfare services depends on role players who bring expert knowledge, skills, financial resources and commitment to achieve the desired results. A qualitative research approach was used in this research and data were gathered through the semi-structured interviews. The study proposed that delivery of social welfare services require working together in developing budget and performance reporting arrangements that meet accountability obligations and also contribute to the collective attainment of the outcome. The recommendations made were augmented by the information gathered from the interviewed respondents and were written in such a way that it can address the identified challenges if there are implemented appropriately.

The study aimed to investigate how homeless people in Gävle municipality experience the remedial actions to stop homelessness. Eight homeless individuals, four acutely homeless and four living in municipal shelters, were interviewed for the purpose of thisresearch. The results show that the experiences of remedial actions are linked to the situation of homelessness; the majority of the interviewees, however, do not consider they receive adequate help from the social services, although they feel satisfied with the actions from the non-profit organisations. The theoretical analysis shows that insufficient efforts or lack of actions can lead to homeless people experiencing social exclusion. Finally, the results show that the interviewees wish for remedial actions that result directly in housing and thus life change. This supports the previous research that showed that similar actions are compatible with the well-being and the possibility of reintegration into society. / Studien syftade till att undersöka hur hemlösa i Gävle kommun upplever att de åtgärdande insatserna mot hemlöshet fungerar. Åtta individer som lever i hemlöshet intervjuades, varav fyra akut hemlösa samt fyra som bor på kommunala stödboenden. Resultaten visar att upplevelser av insatser är kopplade till situation av hemlöshet, dock upplever majoriteten att de inte får adekvat hjälp av socialtjänst. Vidare uppgav samtliga hemlösa att de är nöjda över de ideella insatserna från den öppna verksamheten. Utifrån den teoretiska analysen visar det sig bland annat att brister och avsaknad av insatser kan leda till att hemlösa upplever social exklusion. Resultaten visar avslutningsvis att de hemlösa önskar insatser som direkt leder till eget boende för att kunna göra en livsförändring. Detta överensstämmer med tidigare forskning som visar på att liknande insatser är förenligt med välbefinnande och möjlighet till återintegrering i samhället.