Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993.

Thesis (M. Soc. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 85-90).

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 67-69).

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 87-91).

O mundo onde vivemos vem apresentando mudanças avassaladoras e, evidentemente, transformações também ocorrem na clínica psicanalítica, que se depara com novas formas dos sintomas. O homem, ao nascer, depende de alguém para continuar vivendo, o que confere a ele a característica de um desamparo fundamental, no qual necessita do suporte do outro para sua sobrevivência. Alguns necessitam permanecer na posição de dependente do outro ou de algo, forma com que ele consegue vincular-se ao longo da vida. Buscando entender essa forma de vinculação, objetivamos compreender, a partir das contribuições de Freud, de Lacan e de teóricos que podem acrescentar de forma significativa, a relação de dependência entre sujeito e objeto. Primeiramente, procedemos a uma reflexão das noções de sujeito e de objeto segundo a psicanálise, na perspectiva de Freud e Lacan, fazendo um recorte no contexto da paixão e da droga. Distinguimos o objeto de desejo, do objeto de necessidade e do objeto de dependência. Em seguida, discutimos a questão do vínculo patológico, articulando-o com a relação de dependência. Fizemos ainda algumas aproximações de teóricos do vínculo com a noção de relação de objeto conforme Lacan. Entendemos que, subjacente ao vínculo patológico, encontra- se uma relação de dependência. Finalizando, falamos de um vínculo que se estabelece entre sujeito e objeto no sentido de dependência, que deve ser entendida como relativa a determinados comportamentos caracterizados pelo abuso e pelo excesso, essa relação passa a se configurar numa patologia pela intensidade e preponderância, independente das características desse objeto. A dependência ao objeto escolhido leva o sujeito à servidão. Submeter-se a qualquer coisa para não perder é a regra do sujeito que apresenta uma estrutura aditiva. Logo, a conseqüência marcante é a perpetuação da situação de dependência em relação ao outro, negando-se o princípio básico da alteridade / The world where we live in is presenting overwhelming changes and some transformations also occur in the psychoanalytical clinic which appears with new forms of symptoms. When the man is born he needs someone in order to survive. Some of them needs to continue in this situation of dependency on somebody or something else and only this way he can links throughout life. Based on Freud and Lacans theories we try to understand this kind of linking that can contribute with significant form the relation of dependency between person and object. First of all we make some reflections about notion of person and object according to Freud and Lacans psychoanalysis making a clipping in the context of passion and drug. One distinguishes the object from desire, the object of necessity and the object of dependency. After that, we discuss the question of the pathological bond articulating it with a relation of dependency. We approached still some theorists with the link with a notion of object relation according to Lacan. We understand that under the pathological link one can find the relation of dependency. At last, we talked about the bond which is related between the subject and object in the sense of dependency which must be understood as related to a certain behavior characterized by abuse and excess and a relation between person and object becomes pathology due to intensity and preponderance independent from the characteristics of the subject. The dependence to the chosen object induces the person to the bondage. The person submits to anything in order to avoid loosing something and that is a rule for a person that presents an additive structure. So, the remarkable consequence is the perpetuation of a dependency situation in relation to somebody, denying the basic principle of becoming a subject

This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of alcohol and narcotic use among adolescents in the age of 16-19 in private schools in a medium size city in Sweden. The aim was also to identify important risk factors for the use of narcotics. In upper secondary school in Sweden, 74,0 % of the adolescents had consumed alcohol and 18,0 % had used narcotics in the year of 2016. The results in this study showed that the prevalence of alcohol and narcotic use among the adolescents in Sundsvall was similar to the national prevalence, and gender differences were found in the amount of alcohol consumed as well as in types of narcotics used. The most common type of alcohol consumed by females was light beer or cider and wine whereas for males it was strong beer or cider. More males than females had ever used narcotics and the most common type of narcotic was marijuana/hash among both genders. Earlier research and criminological theories have found several risk factors regarding the use of narcotics. The most prominent risk factors found in this study were lack of parental awareness, having deviant peers, lack of school commitment, positive attitudes towards narcotics and alcohol, and lack of leisure time activities. Research shows that the use of narcotics is connected to criminal behavior and identifying relevant risk factors is a must in order to prevent future problems. This study highlighted several important risk factors and suggested where future measures should be aimed. / <p>2017-06-01</p>

In South Africa today, the numbers of drug-dependent adolescents are increasing at alarming rates. These adolescents require rehabilitation. The numbers of institutions that offer drug rehabilitation services are also growing exponentially. However, the programs followed by the institutions are wide ranging in nature and are not controlled by government or a professional body. Although these institutions claim individual successes, their success rates – especially in regard of adolescents – is highly subjective and suspect. The discipline of educational psychology is uniquely capable of setting objective criteria to which all programs for drug-dependent adolescents should comply. Educational psychology emphasizes two important aspects of human development: The educational and the psychological. Moreover, it gives considerable weight to the adolescent’s participation in her own development. The uncontrolled use of dependence-forming substances by adolescents negatively influences every level of their physical, emotional, cognitive, psychological and social development. To facilitate their growth to responsible adulthood, specialized treatment is required to address specific adolescent developmental tasks and needs. It has become imperative that the programs offered to adolescents in South Africa be analysed and examined critically in order to determine whether they comply with the dictates of a responsible educational-psychological approach. It is against this background that a research study was undertaken to investigate the current position of drug rehabilitation programs for adolescents offered by centres and clinics in South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine and describe educational-psychological criteria to evaluate the suitability of current programs that are offered to drug dependent adolescents in this country. A theoretical framework was developed by an extensive literary research. This framework formed the foundation of an empirical study. The initial stage of the empirical study – the identification of drug rehabilitation centres and clinics that offer in-patient treatment for adolescents – was hampered by the lack of government involvement in the registration and monitoring of such centres and clinics and the programs they offer. No database containing information on drug use, drug misuse and drug dependence, as well as places and methods of rehabilitation, exists. Identified institutions were contacted and requested to participate in this research. Several refused. The centres and clinics that were willing to assist and offered unique programs, were visited. In several instances one centre was visited and described as representative of several centres or clinics that offer programs based on a similar approach. Documentation regarding drug rehabilitation programs were perused. Interviews with adolescents – whose parents had given permission for their participation – and with available parents and staff were recorded and transcribed. The transcriptions were qualitatively analysed. Educational-psychological criteria that address the specific development needs of adolescents were identified. This research found that although some programs address some minor educationalpsychological aspects of the adolescent’s substance problem, not one of the in-patient programs addressed the problem holistically by emphasizing the development and needs of these adolescents. The effect of these programs on the educationalpsychological development of adolescents moving towards responsible adulthood, must be questioned. The educational-psychological criteria – as set out in this research study – should be applied to in-patient drug rehabilitation programs for adolescents in South Africa to increase the quality and success of the said programs. Through such an approach, adolescents are valued as individuals who have to complete general developmental tasks successfully to arrive at a responsible and meaningful adulthood. / Prof. J.C. Kok

Law enforcement agencies are faced with the problem of how to reduce crime in the most economical method possible without violating the law. Since drug offenders also engage in a disproportionate amount of non-drug crime, then drug enforcement is considered as an acceptable general crime control method. Unfortuantely, this is an expensive option because incarcerating offenders is both costly and ony a short-term solution to the problem. A review of existing research examining the prior criminal histories of drug offenders compared to their previous involvement in violent and property crime is conducted to evaluate this relationship.

The present study was an attempt to measure the direction of aggression among three diverse groups, namely, policemen, narcotic-addicts and Seventh Day Adventists. The second aspect of this investigation was to determine the group conformity tendencies of the three basic groups. The Rosenzweig Picture-Frustration Study was used as the measuring instrument.

1 Abstract Crime relating to the abuse of addictive substances This thesis deals with the issue of substance abuse and criminality associated with this pathological phenomenon. Addiction and substance abuse can be considered a significant criminogenic factor, which is a common cause of traffic accidents, domestic violence, reduced self-control, increased aggression and other crime-related behaviors. Criminality related to the production, distribution and use of addictive substances covers a wide range of offenses, from trivial offenses bordering on offenses to the diverse activities of international organized crime, which can be consider a global issue. Subject matter of this thesis is to link this stated issue with fundamental knowledge about narcotic and psychotropic substances and its effects on individuals, along with their potential influence on the delinquent behavior of drug users, while providing a theoretical definition of crimes related to substance abuse and an effort to quantify this phenomenon. This thesis is devided into four parts. The introductory chapter focuses on interpreting concepts related to substance abuse, which is necessary for a comprehensive understanding of the stated issue. As a follow up to this, the second chapter deals with narcotic and psychotropic substances' fundamental...