M.Cur. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The study was designed to explore how nurses at a non-union pediatric hospital make meaning of the feedback they receive during their career from their annual appraisals. The qualitative study design used a survey, and from the survey participants, 21 interviewees were selected. Based on the survey responses and categorizing those responses by standard deviation from the mean, three groups were determined. It was expected that there would be differentiated patterns by group. The study identified seven findings that were consistent with the literature. However, there was one surprise. The recipients’ appraisal rating/score on their most recent appraisal was expected to impact their view of their experience, but this was not found to be the case. In fact, those with the lowest survey response scores (least favorable sentiment about appraisals) had the same or higher appraisal ratings when compared to the other two survey groups. With few exceptions, the interviewees expressed a wide variety of responses to interview questions, which is a sign of the dysfunction and lack of alignment of the appraisal tool, its administration, and recipients’ expectations. As a result, there was a lack of a common experience among the interviewees in total as well as within each of the three groups. What was confirmed was that appraisal recipients placed different priorities on multiple variables (experiential learning, coaching, process, power, bias, motivation, learning environment, feedback) that can interfere with the feedback between the leader and the recipient. This can limit the effectiveness of the appraisal and the meaning the recipients make from the feedback. The Introduction chapter highlighted that many employers are struggling with appraisals, as evidenced by the number of major companies over the last few years looking for new ways of providing feedback and casting the traditional appraisal aside. Appraisals are widely used, and much of the research has been completed by researchers in Psychology or Human Resources. Most often, the recipient has not been the focus of the research, or an Adult Learning lens was used. Understanding how an appraisal recipient makes meaning is complex and likely beyond the training and ability of most leaders. As a result, a principal recommendation of this study is that an intermediary who is a highly trained coach be integrated into the appraisal process for all employees. This would allow a personalized approach to be developed for each employee within a standard process.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of trained transport nurses being oriented to a new helicopter by a video presentation and reference guide manual educational program when compared with trained transport nurses being trained by actual hands-on demonstration. Using a posttest-only design and the t test for independent samples, it was found that the two groups of nurses did not differ statistically (t (9) = 0.318, p < .051).

This study was concerned with the assessment of the andragogical-pedagogical orientation of nurse educators in associate degree, diploma, and baccalaureate schools of nursing. The principal objectives were to obtain valid data about nurse educators' attitudes toward adult education, to determine if the educational orientations of nurse educators differed from the educational orientation of other adult educators, and to determine if the nurse educators' educational orientation was affected significantly by certain background variables. Additionally, the study examined whether continuing education programs were needed to acquaint nurse faculty with theories of adult learning and whether theories of adult learning should be included in the curricula offerings for the preparation of teachers of nursing. The study was a survey of seventy nurse educators from each type of nursing program - associate degree, diplema, and baccalaureate - in Virginia for a total.of 210. The instruments used for data collection were a Supplemental Data Sheet to gather information on fourteen background variables which were thought to affect educational orientation and Hadley's Educational Orientation Questionnaire (EOQ). There were 171 responses of which 155 questionnaires and data sheets were usable. The criterion variable was educational orientat:ion as measured by the Educational Orientation Questionnaire and analyzed as a single mean score. The independent variables were educational background, type of employing institution, level of position, college credits earned in field of adult education, number of years in nursing practice, number of years in nursing education, geographic location of basic.nursing program, current appointment,,subject matter, preparation of syllabus, instructional setting, continuing education courses taught, attitude toward mandatory continuing education for relicensure, and pursuing advanced degree. The data were analyzed by t-test and the FREQUENCIES, ONEWAY and REGRESSION procedures of the Statistical Package for the .Social Sciences (SPSS). The data were presented descriptively and statistically. The most significant finding was that the nurse educators' mean score differed significantly (p≤0.001) from the mean score of other adult educators as reported by Hadley. The finding· indicated that nurse educators, as a group, are pedagogically oriented toward education. Analysis of variance revealed that the nurse educators' educational. orientation was affected significantly at the 0.05 level or better by type of employing institution, current appointment, instructional setting, and subject matter. Regression analysis showed that about 14% of the educational orientation score variance isi predictable using the four variables which showed a relationship to educational orientation. It was recommended that nurse educators adopt an andragogical approach to nursing education rather than pedagogical. In order to accomplish this it was also recommended that theories of adult learning and strategies for implementing those theories be introduced through a vigorous program of workshops and conferences for practicing teachers. Courses in adult education should be included in the curricular offerings for teacher preparation at the graduate level. Recommendations for further study included a comparative study among students, faculty, and administrators' education. orientations: andragogical or pedagogical, and that each faculty study its educational orientation in relation to the stated philosophy and objectives of the school. / Ed. D.

The goal of this study was to evaluate if a nurse leader’s Self-Efficacy and Emotional Intelligence could be influenced by the process of being evaluated either by a single rater or multiple raters. The evaluation involved gathering extensive personality inventories that would determine which process had the greater influence on a nurse leader’s awareness, behaviors, and tendencies. This study was guided by the following research question: Does the process associated with performance evaluations, between a single rater or multiple raters, not only alter a nurse leader’s ability to distinguish between their values and underlying personality tendencies, but also positively improve their leadership reputations? The researcher randomized 60 subjects as follows: 20 subjects assigned to a Control Group (no raters), 20 subjects assigned to the Experimental 1 Group (Single-Rater), and 20 subjects assigned to the Experimental 2 Group (Multiple-Raters). All 60 subjects completed a Pre and Post “Work Self-Efficacy Inventory” and “Social Skills Inventory” questionnaires. Both the Experimental 1 Group and Experimental 2 Group rater(s) completed an additional “Leader Efficacy Questionnaire” for further data collection. Data from the Pre, Post, and Experimental questionnaires were tracked through Stata MP Version 11 and managed electronically by Mind Garden, Inc. to assess for any changes of the null hypothesis. The regression results suggested that the treatment had no effect on SSI but had a positive impact on WS-EI.

The purpose of study is to investigate why state certified nurses on a conversion programme to become registered general nurses score higher marks on medical - related than on nursing assessments during their fourth practical assessments. The universal sample is made up of state certified nurses on a one year conversion programme. A purposive sample consisting of 20 student nurses, 10 nurse- assessors and 5 doctor­ assessors was recruited into the exploratory quantitative study which was done at Kwekwe Hospital. A questionnaire for each of the three sample groups was used to collect data to meet the study's objectives. Data analysis yielded the main finding that students scored higher marks on nursing - related areas than on medical- related practical assessments contrary to the study's assumption. The implication is that the student nurses were able to acquire nursing care focused skills and knowledge in spite of their former medical care biased training and nursing experience. / Health Studies / M.A. (Nursing Science)

Thesis (MCurr)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to explore the perceived need among nurses from different cultures in a private hospital in Saudi Arabia for a program to teach cultural sensitivity. The hypotheses for this study were:  Diverse bio- and demographical/cultural/educational backgrounds of nursing staff have an input on their cultural knowledge and sensitivity of care given in the hospital  The amount of occurrence reports generated due to cultural differences and clashes indicate the need for a program to teach cultural sensitivity. A descriptive quantitative study was done, using a self administrative questionnaire on a randomly selected sample 15.8% (n=200) of the population (N=1272) of registered nurses. The data was collected by structured questionnaires with sections requiring the following:  Biographical information (age, gender, nationality)  Amount of experience in nursing of patients with diverse cultures  Nursing education received about caring for patients of diverse cultures  Cultures of colleagues and patients in the hospital  Whether incidents occur because of cultural differences  Amounts of incident reports generated by each respondent per month The study is descriptive and made use of non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis, Mann- Whitney U and Chi-square computations to determine relationships between the answers of the different respondents to be able to come to a conclusion about the research question. The study reflects a youthful component of nurses from very diverse cultures working in the hospital, with a large variety of patients of equally diverse cultures. Only 1:5 of the nurses felt that they have enough knowledge about each others’ and their patients’ cultures. Recommendations for the implementation of a program for cultural sensitivity are the end result of this study. The ultimate goal for such a program is culturally sensitive nursing where the patients would experience that their culture has been considered in the planning and implementation of their nursing care. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwit van hierdie navorsing was om te bepaal of geregistreerde verpleegkundiges van verskillende kulture by ’n privaat hospitaal in Saudi Arabië die behoefte ervaar en herken vir die aanleer van kulturele sensitiwiteit. Die hipoteses van die navorsing was soos volg:  Diverse bio- en demografiese/kulturele/opvoedkundige agtergrond van verpleeglui sal hul kulturele kennis en dus kultuur sensitiewe verpleging in die hospitaal beinvloed.  Die aantal insidente wat voorkom oor kultuurverskille en botsings is ‘n aanduiding vir die nodigheid van ‘n program om kulturele sensitiwiteit aan te leer. ’n Beskrywende navorsingsontwerp met ‘n kwantitatiewe benadering is in die studie gevolg. ’n Vraelys wat deur die respondente self voltooi moes word, is ingevul deur die ewekansige verkose steekproef van 15.8% (n=200) van die bevolking van geregistreerde verpleegkundiges (N=1272).Die gestruktureerde vraelys het afdelings bevat wat die volgende inligting verlang het:  biografiese inligting (ouderdom, geslag, nasionaliteit),  hoeveelheid ondervinding van verpleging van ander kulture,  verpleegonderrig ontvang in die hantering van pasiёnte met diverse kulture,  kulture van kollegas en pasiёnte in die hospitaal,  of daar insidente voorkom weens kultuur verskille,  hoeveelheid insidentverslae wat elke deelnemer moet invul per maand. Die studie is beskrywend van aard en daar is gebruik gemaak van nie-parametriese Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U en Chi-kwadraat berekeninge om verhoudinge tussen die antwoorde van die verskillende respondente te bepaal en om tot ‘n gevolgtrekking te kom oor die navorsingsvraag. Die resultate van die navorsing toon dat daar ’n jonger komponent van geregistreerde verpleegkundiges van baie diverse kulture in die hospitaal werk met ‘n groot verskeidenheid van pasiente van ewe diverse kulture. Slegs 1:5 van die verpleegkundiges in die steekproef het gevoel dat hulle oor die nodige kennis beskik m.b.t. mekaar en hul pasiёnte se kulture. Aanbevelings vir die implementering van ’n program vir kulturele sensitiwiteit is die eindresultaat van hierdie navorsing. Die uiteindelike doel van so ‘n program is kultureel sensitiewe. verpleegsorg waar pasiёnte ervaar dat hul kultuur aangespreek word in die beplanning en implementering van sulke sorg

Thesis (MEd (Curriculum Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2005. / Ventilator-associated infections contribute to most of the fatal infections in the intensive care. Considerable intensive care resources are also consumed in the treatment of ventilatorassociated infections. Not only economic costs, but also expenditure of staff energies, physical resources, treatment expenses and admission to the intensive care contribute to the complexity of the problem. Despite the large progress in medical treatment over the past decades, the incidence and case fatality rates of health-care-associated ventilator-associated infections remain high. Patients who require mechanical ventilation have a particularly high risk of healthcare- associated infections. Ventilator-associated infections have been a major complication for years, but the researcher has found that no formal attempts, except for inclusion of the concept as part of critical care nursing curricula, have been made to educate nurses with regard to the active prevention of ventilator-associated infections in adult patients. There are also limited data available regarding infection control education-based interventions targeting healthcare systems, e.g. intensive care units. The research goal was to establish and evaluate a learning programme for nurses caring for adult patients with ventilator-associated infections (Learning Programme). This took place in two Australian hospitals during 2003 and 2004. The objectives of the research were divided into three phases. Evidenced-based literature on the above concepts was utilised by the researcher and deductively implemented and validated by a focus (specialist) group to develop the Learning Programme in Phase One.

Introdução: A transferência do conhecimento relativo à Enfermagem dos Sistemas Familiares para a prática clínica de enfermagem é um desafio. No processo de integrar a teoria à prática, as motivações e atitudes dos enfermeiros são fortemente influenciadas por suas percepções de autoeficácia. Objetivos: Avaliar o impacto de um treinamento sobre Enfermagem dos Sistemas Familiares nas atitudes e percepções de enfermeiros no contexto neonatal e/ou pediátrico hospitalar e construir e validar uma escala de autoeficácia para o estabelecimento de bons relacionamentos com famílias no contexto neonatal e/ou pediátrico hospitalar. Método: Dois estudos foram desenvolvidos a fim de se alcançar os objetivos da pesquisa, e para tanto foi utilizado um método de pesquisa misto sequencial explanatório e exploratório. O primeiro estudo foi realizado em um Hospital Universitário de São Paulo com 37 enfermeiros que atuavam no contexto neonatal/pediátrico. Refere-se a um desenho quasi-experimental que envolveu uma etapa de intervenção educativa e a coleta de dados pré e pós-intervenção por meio da aplicação de instrumentos e realização de entrevistas. O segundo estudo do tipo metodológico e psicométrico foi conduzido em quatro etapas para construção e validação da escala de autoeficácia. A primeira etapa consistiu na revisão de literatura e em entrevistas com nove enfermeiros para a definição constitutiva e operacional do construto. A segunda etapa consistiu na validação de conteúdo da primeira versão do instrumento por juízes e na análise semântica pela população-alvo. Na terceira etapa a versão piloto da escala foi aplicada à amostra de 194 enfermeiros que atuavam no contexto neonatal/pediátrico hospitalar A quarta etapa consistiu na análise das consistências interna e fatorial. Em ambos os estudos os dados quantitativos foram analisados por meio do programa SPSS 22 e as entrevistas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo à luz do Interacionismo Simbólico. Resultados: A realização da entrevista no campo clínico com famílias foi a única variável que indicou diferença estatisticamente significativa nas atitudes dos enfermeiros pré e pós-intervenção educativa. As principais mudanças na percepção dos enfermeiros se deram nos âmbitos da reconstrução do seu papel enquanto enfermeiros, da importância de cuidar das famílias e do tipo de relacionamento que deve ser estabelecido com a família na prática clínica. A Escala de Autoeficácia para o Estabelecimento de Bons Relacionamentos com Famílias no Contexto Neonatal/Pediátrico integra 39 itens e três dimensões denominadas autoeficácia para abrir-se para a família; autoeficácia para manter uma comunicação eficaz com a família e autoeficácia para conviver em equilíbrio consigo e com a família. A análise da confiabilidade, realizada por meio do coeficiente de consistência interna alfa de Cronbach, revelou valores elevados tanto para a escala total (0,983), como para suas dimensões. Conclusões: Um treinamento sobre a Enfermagem dos Sistemas Familiares que integre teoria e prática provoca um impacto positivo nas atitudes e percepções de enfermeiros no que diz respeito ao atendimento às famílias na prática clínica de enfermagem. A mobilização de conceitos no self desencadeia atitudes mais favoráveis à inclusão e ao atendimento de famílias, bem como o aumento na percepção de autoeficácia dos enfermeiros. A escala construída é consistente e válida, constituindo um recurso para mensurar a autoeficácia de enfermeiros para estabelecerem bons relacionamentos com as famílias no contexto neonatal e /ou pediátrico hospitalar. / Introduction: Knowledge Translation in Family Systems Nursing into clinical nursing practice constitutes a challenging process. While integrating theory and practice, nurses attitudes and motivations are highly influenced by their self-efficacy perception. Objectives: To evaluate the impact of a Family Systems Nursing training on nurses attitudes and perceptions in neonatal/pediatric context and to build and validate a self-efficacy scale to establish good relationships with families in neonatal/pediatric settings. Method: Two studies were developed in order to reach the research goals and, for this purpose, a mixed-methods sequential explanatory and exploratory was used. The first study was held in a University Hospital of São Paulo city with 37 nurses from neonatal/pediatric settings. It refers to a quasi-experimental design which involved an educational intervention step and pre and post-intervention data collection by means of application of instrument and surveys. The second study, one of psychometric and methodological type, was conducted in four steps for the building and validation of self-efficacy scale. The first step consisted of literature review and interviews with 9 nurses for the constructs operational and constituent definition. The second step consisted of judges validation of the instruments first version content and semantic analysis by the target population. In the third step, the pilot version of the scale was applied to a sample of 194 nurses from neonatal/pediatric settings. The fourth step consisted of the analysis of internal and factorial consistencies. In both studies, quantitative data were analyzed by means of SPSS 22 program and interviews were submitted to content analysis in the light of Symbolic Interactionism. Results: Conducting the interview in the clinical field with families was the only variable that showed statistically significant difference in the nurses´ attitudes pre and post-educational intervention. The primary changes in professionals perception took place in the scope of reconstruction of their role as nurses, the importance of caring for families and the type of relation which should be established with families in clinical practice. The Self-efficacy Scale for the Establishment of Good Relationships with Families in Neonatal/Pediatric Settings integrates 39 items and three dimensions denominated self-efficacy to open up to families; self-efficacy to maintain an effective communication with the family and self-efficacy to live in harmony with oneself and the family. Reliability analysis, held by means of Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient, revealed elevated values for both the total scale (0,983) and its dimensions. Conclusions: A Family Systems Nursing training which integrates theory and practice causes a positive impact on nurses attitudes and perceptions towards family care in clinical nursing practice. Self concepts mobilization triggers more favorable attitudes towards family care and inclusion, as well as increases nurses self-efficacy perception. The constructed scale is valid and consistent and constitutes a resource to measure up nurses self-efficacy to establish good relationships with families in neonatal/pediatric context

建立護理專業身份是個體與護理專業相聯繫的概念，個體對護理專業在社會角色與自我概念之間取得平衡。在專業社會化中，產生專業的知識、技能、價值與自我身份的過程。在社會急速發展和世界護理專業發展影響下，澳門護理專業教育出現強中有弱、弱中有強的局面。這現狀對中學生選擇護理、護士學生對知識價值的主動學習、日後在專業發展中持續創新都產生影響。因為護士人力的緊缺，護理教育能否幫助學生建立專業身份成為關注的重心。 / 鏡湖護理學院是澳門歷史最長的護理教育機構，於2002年起開辦澳門首個四年制護理學學士學位課程。課程理念奠基於鏡湖慈善會歷史和性質，命名「從人到仁」，推動以關懷為核心的護理全人教育。學院在護理學士學位課程中加入了一些元素，希望幫助學生在進入專業的早期即打下良好基礎，建立專業身份，從而加強教育的全面效果。究竟澳門鏡湖護士學生在護士學習的過程中如何建立專業身份，課程對護士學生身份認同的成效怎樣?本研究目的正是希望回答以上兩個問題。 / 研究者選取了二十名畢業生和八名教師參與是次研究。採用質性研究取向的個案研究法。透過深度訪談和文件查證分析取得所需研究資料。經過對個案資料的綜合深度討論以及不同個案的分析比較，得出以下研究發現：鏡湖護士學生的專業身份認同是通過五個轉變表現出來，包括：1. 責任重大、尊重生命；2. 與苦難同行、全人護理；3. 護理與生活同在、發揮專業才能；4. 立足專業知識、像護士般思考和行動；及5. 成為團隊、薪火相傳。分析歸納受訪畢業生及教師資料可以看到，鏡湖現行學士學位課程對學生建立專業身份是有明顯的影響作用。大部份學生是通過臨床實踐和生活實踐，處理健康問題，和幫助人們建立健康生活方式，來建構自我的專業身份。除了課程影響之外，關懷的學院文化、教師的言傳身教、醫院與學院的關係，以及學生的個人因素均對學生專業身份認同有影響作用。 / 根據這些發現，本研究嘗試從護理教育層面和未來研究層面提出建議，務求完善促進護士學生身份認同的課程理念和課程設置，優化人文與環境因素，以便進一步提升護理教育的質素，培育具公民專業精神的護理人員。本研究亦嘗試對當中的一些理論與概念展開討論，並修訂或補充了它的不足。 / The formation of nursing professional identity links the individual with the nursing profession. In this process the individual strives to maintain a balance between her professional role and her self-identity. It is a process of developing professional knowledge, skills, value and self-identity. With rapid social changes as well as worldwide development in the nursing profession, Macau’s nursing education is in a situation where strengths and weaknesses co-exist and interact with each other. Such a situation will certainly have significant impact on secondary school graduates’ decision to choose nursing as a future career, nursing students’ pursuit of nursing education as well as the possibility of their contributing to the nursing profession via creative innovation. Owing to the shortage of nurses, whether nursing education is able to help the students establish a concrete professional identity has become a major concern at present. / Being the most long-standing nursing education institution in Macau, Kiang Wu Nursing College established the first four-year Bachelor of Science in Nursing Programme in 2002. The philosophy of the programme, named ─From Personhood to Benevolence", is founded on the history and nature of Kiang Wu Charitable Association with the aim of fostering holistic nursing education that centres on care. To enhance the holistic impact of education, Kiang Wu Nursing College adds some new elements to the programme in order to enable students to formulate their professional identity. How did nursing students of Kiang Wu Nursing College form their professional identity in the course of learning, and how effective was the programme in forming students’ sense of professional identity were precisely the two questions that the present study aims at answering. / The researcher selected 20 nursing graduates and 8 nursing educators as participants of the study, which employed a qualitative case study method. In-depth interviews and document reviews were first conducted to collect the required data. After having undergone thorough examination of the collected data as well as detailed analyses and comparisons of various cases, it was found that the sense of professional identity of students of Kiang Wu Nursing College was developed through the following five crucial changes that they had experienced, including shouldering important responsibilities and respecting life, confronting hardship and offering holistic nursing care, leading a life inseparable from nursing and capitalizing on professional competences, developing professional knowledge, and thinking and acting like a nurse, as well as becoming part of the team and carrying forward the nursing spirit. Through summarizing and analyzing the data of the interviewed graduates and teachers, it was discovered that the current bachelor’s degree programme of Kiang Wu Nursing College played an important role in influencing the formation of students’ professional identity. Most students constructed their professional identity by solving people’s health problems and assisting others in developing a healthy lifestyle through their practice in clinical environment and in daily life. In addition to the programme, other aspects including the College’s caring culture, faculty’s role model of effective and appropriate behaviours, connection between the Hospital and the College, as well as students’ personal factors all contribute to the formation of students’ sense of professional identity. / On the basis of the above findings, the present study puts forward some suggestions with regard to nursing education and in the interest of future studies, in order to improve the programme philosophy and programme design for the fostering of students’ sense of professional identity, as well as to optimize the humanistic and environmental attributes for the further enhancement of the quality of nursing education and for the cultivation of nursing professionals who demonstrate civic professionalism. In addition, the study discusses some of the relevant theories and notions, and proposes revisions or solutions for their deficiencies. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / 尹一橋. / Thesis (Ph.D.) Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2014. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 331-350). / Abstracts also in Chinese. / Yin Yiqiao.