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No description available.

Helicobacter pylori infects over 50 % of the world’s population, causing gastritis, and in some cases, peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. Adherence to the gastric surface occurs primarily through H. pylori outer membrane proteins (HOPs) and is essential for bacterial survival and establishment of infection. The Blood group Antigen-Binding Adhesin (BabA) is the best-characterized attachment protein, mediating adherence by binding to fucosylated carbohydrate structures on the surface of the gastric epithelium. H. pylori is highly adaptable to environmental changes that occur during stomach longterm infection, however little is known about the effect of such changes on the adaptability and functionality of BabA adherence properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate how BabA-mediated binding properties of H. pylori isolates were affected during 20 years of chronic infection. Two H. pylori clinical isolates collected from a single individual, 20 years apart were studied for their Leb-binding properties using a combination of radioimmunoassay (RIA) and in situ histo- and cytochemistry. Our results demonstrated that H. pylori isolated after 20 years of infection had lost its Lewis b binding ability due to a nucleotide deletion in the babA gene, resulting in a translational frame shift and hence, a non-functional BabA protein. We also showed that the non-adherent isolate contains sub-populations of bacteria that express BabA and have therefore maintained the ability to bind to Leb-conjugate and adhere to human gastric mucosa in vitro.   An additional adherence pattern was revealed when H. pylori bacterial cells were applied to human buccal epithelium cells (BEC), with all the isolates demonstrating attachment. These results suggest that H. pylori can express additional binding properties for adherence in the oral cavity which may contribute to re-infection as well as further transmission of the H. pylori infection.

<p>Tandhygienisters arbetstillfredsställelse och vad som påverkar denna är hittills relativt lite studerat. Det finns således ett stort behov av att undersöka detta område närmare. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar arbetstillfredsställelse inom</p><p>tandhygienistprofessionen, samt hur vanligt förekommande det är att yrkesverksamma tandhygienister upplever arbetstillfredsställelse. Metoden som användes var en systematisk litteraturstudie. Resultatet visade att flera faktorer av olika karaktär är av betydelse för</p><p>tandhygienisters upplevelse av arbetstillfredsställelse. De huvudsakliga faktorerna innefattar fysisk arbetsmiljö, psykosociala faktorer samt olika bakgrundsfaktorer. Den fysiska arbetsmiljö som förekommer inom tandhygienistprofessionen innehåller flera moment som</p><p>kan orsaka muskuloskeletala problem, vilket kan påverka upplevelsen av</p><p>arbetstillfredsställelse. Faktorer av psykosocial karaktär såsom stress och arbetsorganisatoriska faktorer samt samarbete och kommunikation över yrkesgränserna framstår i studien ha en stor betydelse för upplevd tillfredsställelse i arbetet. Studien visade</p><p>också att verksamma tandhygienister upplever arbetstillfredsställelse trots att flera av de inverkande faktorerna har en negativ karaktär. Konklusionen är att arbetstillfredsställelse inom tandhygienistyrket påverkas av såväl fysiska som psykosociala förhållanden med</p><p>tonvikt på det senare.</p>

Tandhygienisters arbetstillfredsställelse och vad som påverkar denna är hittills relativt lite studerat. Det finns således ett stort behov av att undersöka detta område närmare. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka faktorer som påverkar arbetstillfredsställelse inom tandhygienistprofessionen, samt hur vanligt förekommande det är att yrkesverksamma tandhygienister upplever arbetstillfredsställelse. Metoden som användes var en systematisk litteraturstudie. Resultatet visade att flera faktorer av olika karaktär är av betydelse för tandhygienisters upplevelse av arbetstillfredsställelse. De huvudsakliga faktorerna innefattar fysisk arbetsmiljö, psykosociala faktorer samt olika bakgrundsfaktorer. Den fysiska arbetsmiljö som förekommer inom tandhygienistprofessionen innehåller flera moment som kan orsaka muskuloskeletala problem, vilket kan påverka upplevelsen av arbetstillfredsställelse. Faktorer av psykosocial karaktär såsom stress och arbetsorganisatoriska faktorer samt samarbete och kommunikation över yrkesgränserna framstår i studien ha en stor betydelse för upplevd tillfredsställelse i arbetet. Studien visade också att verksamma tandhygienister upplever arbetstillfredsställelse trots att flera av de inverkande faktorerna har en negativ karaktär. Konklusionen är att arbetstillfredsställelse inom tandhygienistyrket påverkas av såväl fysiska som psykosociala förhållanden med tonvikt på det senare.

Title page, table of contents and preface only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library. / Forensic odontology has been defined as the application of dental science to the administration of the law and the furtherance of justice. It involves the correct handling, examination and presentation of dental evidence in both civil and criminal matters. Its principal role is in the personal identification of the living and the dead that may be the victims of criminal activity, mass disasters or accidental events. It is also concerned with the determination of age of persons and the investigation of tooth marks on skin and any other substance which may have forensic significance. The importance of dental evidence as a means of identification has been recognised for many years. Modern forensic odontology dates back to the tragic fire in the Bazaar de la Charite in Paris on 4th May 1897, resulting in 126 deaths. The problem of identification of the victims was addressed by M. Albert Hans, the Paraguayan Consul, who proposed calling for the assistance of the dentists who had treated the deceased. Subsequently, Dr Oscar Amoedo, a Cuban dentist living in Paris, using the experiences of these dentists, published a thesis entitled 'L'Art Dentaire en Medecine Legale' which soon became recognised as the standard textbook on forensic odontology I first became aware of the potential for identification by means of dental evidence when I was a child. One evening in October, 1939, my dentist father was called out by the police to attend at the city morgue to view the body of a patient who had been decapitated by a train at a suburban level crossing. He was asked whether he could recognise gold inlays he had placed in the victim's mouth and thereby identify him. He was not required to make a formal written report but merely a nod of the head was sufficient at that time. My particular interest in forensic odontology, however, was inspired in 1961 when I attended a lecture arranged jointly by the Dental Board of South Australia and the Law society, presented by visiting Professor Gosta Gustafson, Professor of Oral Pathology at the Dental School, University of Lund, Malmo, Sweden, on the subject "Dental Aspects of Forensic Medicine". I was fascinated by his graphic accounts of the cases he had undertaken, particularly those during the second world war when, as Sweden had maintained its neutrality, his expertise in identification had been utilised by both warring sides. I was intrigued by his description of the method he used when called by the German High Command to determine the number of persons who had been present at the time of the explosion of a bomb in the bunker on the occasion of the unsuccessful attempt by a group of high ranking German generals to assassinate Adolph Hitler towards the end of World War II. He gathered all the victims' teeth scattered about the walls inside the bunker, made ground transverse sections of each tooth, compared each section microscopically War II. He gathered all the victims' teeth scattered about the walls inside the bunker, made ground transverse sections of each tooth, compared each section microscopically and matched those which demonstrated the same pattern of enamel development. In 1967, Inspector Ted Calder and Senior Sergeant Barry Cocks, on behalf of the South Australia Police Department, addressed a regular monthly meeting of the South Australian Branch of the Australian Dental Association, and appealed for a group of volunteer dentists to be formed to assist in emergencies requiring dental expertise, particularly in situations involving the identification of victims of major disasters. I was present at that meeting and submitted my name as a volunteer. When some six months had elapsed without hearing anything further about this group, I phoned the secretary of the Dental Association who informed me that since only one member had volunteered, nothing more had been done about the proposal. I then phoned Sergeant Cocks and he invited me to join him next day for lunch at the staff cafeteria at Police Headquarters. Sergeant Cocks urged me to join the South Australian Branch of the Forensic Science Society which was being organised under the chairmanship of Mr Andrew Wells, then Crown Prosecutor and later a Justice of the Supreme Court of South Australia. This I did and subsequently became a member of its steering committee. When it became known that I was available as a volunteer to assist in cases requiring expertise in forensic odontology, I soon began receiving requests from the police to assist in cases requiring dental identification. The post mortem material from these cases was usually brought by police officers in person to my surgery, often in buckets carried through the waiting room. I would also receive calls from Dr Manock asking me to call at his office to collect skulls for identification. I would work on these cases at night in my home. In South Australia, services in forensic pathology were originally provided by pathologists from the Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science (IMVS) located on the campus of the Royal Adelaide Hospital. Forensic autopsies were carried out in the City Morgue situated in the grounds of the West Terrace Cemetery until December, 1978, when its function was transferred to the new Forensic Science Centre in Divett Place, which included a modern mortuary on the ground floor. The Coroner and his courtroom were situated on the first floor of the same building which was named The Forensic Science Centre. In 1968, Dr Colin Manock, a specialist forensic pathologist from England was appointed to the IMVS, and he was joined by Dr Ross James in 1973. Subsequently both were transferred to State Services at the Forensic Science Centre. In 1973, the Criminal Law and Penal Methods Reform Committee was established by the Government of South Australia under the chairmanship of the Hon Justice Roma Mitchell. She immediately invited submissions on, inter alia, forensic science. Acting on a suggestion by Sergeant Cocks, I prepared a submission on forensic odontology, proposing that a dedicated forensic odontology laboratory be established in the Dental School of the University of Adelaide. This would provide a specialised service to the Coroner and the Commissioner of Police. It would also provide facilities and an environment conducive to education and research in this field. When the Mitchell report was published, it included my submission word for word Since many of the cases that presented required attendance in courts of law, and as I had not received any special training or formal qualifications in forensic odontology, in order to satisfy the requirements of the courts for qualifying as an expert witness, I felt the need for further education in this subject. At that time, however, forensic odontology was not widely recognised in Australia. It had not developed as a special branch of dentistry and there were no courses offered in this field here. My membership in the Forensic Science Society included a subscription to the Journal of the Forensic Science Society, and I also was able to obtain copies of The Scandinavian Society of Forensic Odontology Newsletters. From these sources I learned that forensic odontology was well advanced in Japan, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Britain. I was advised to apply for a Winston Churchill Memorial Fellowship which would enable me to undertake a study tour of relevant institutions in these countries. This I did, and I was awarded a Churchill Fellowship in 1976. (see special report: Brown Kenneth A. 1976. The status of forensic odontology in Europe and Japan.) I continued to provide this service in an honorary ad hoc capacity from 1967. This situation was most unsatisfactory because it raised legal issues concerning the security of material evidence taken by myself to work on in my home, and it was most unfair to my family. When this situation came to the knowledge of the State Government at the end of 1979, funds were made available to establish a dedicated forensic odontology service within the Dental School in the University of Adelaide in accordance with the Mitchell Report. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1523307 / Thesis (D.D.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Dentistry, 2010

Orientador: Nemre Adas Saliba / Resumo: A área da Saúde Coletiva tem papel fundamental na formação do profissional com o perfil exigido pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de Odontologia, implementadas em 2002. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar as características das disciplinas da área da Saúde Coletiva nos currículos dos cursos de Odontologia do país, no que se refere à carga horária; duração em semestres; nomenclatura; formato da disciplina; metodologia de ensino; formas de avaliação. Foram enviadas correspondências para 123 cursos que tinham formado pelo menos uma turma até o ano de 2003, solicitando a estrutura curricular do curso e os planos de ensino das disciplinas. Cinqüenta cursos enviaram o material, representando 40,65% do total de cursos selecionados para a presente pesquisa. A carga horária destinada à Saúde Coletiva é heterogênea, encontrando-se de 75 a 699 horas, sendo que a maior porcentagem está na faixa de 200 a 324 horas, representando 44,18%. No que se refere à quantidade de semestres destinada à Saúde Coletiva, verificou-se que os cursos pesquisados destinam de 1 a 8 semestres, destacando-se a concentração em 2 e 3 semestres (20,93% cada) e em 4 semestres (27,91%), sendo que 4,65% ministram a disciplina em 8 semestres. São várias as nomenclaturas utilizadas pelos cursos para designar a área da Saúde Coletiva, sendo que Odontologia Social e Preventiva foi a mais citada (30%). Verificou-se que todas as disciplinas da área são de caráter teórico-prático e 95,35% dos cursos mencionaram, em seu plano de ensino, a existência de atividades extra-murais. As metodologias ou estratégias de ensino citadas pelas escolas foram aulas expositivas (100%), seminários (71,88%), aulas práticas (59,38%) e trabalho em grupo (40,63%). As formas de avaliação utilizadas foram prova escrita (100%), prova prática (80%); avaliação dos trabalhos (57,5%)...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The area of Odontology in Public Health plays a fundamental role in the formation of the professional as required by the National Curriculum Directives for the course of Odontology, implemented in 2002. This study analyzed the characteristics of the area of Odontology in Public Health in the curricula of Odontology courses in the country in relation to number of hours given to the course, duration of the course in semesters, nomenclature used, course format, teaching methodology, evaluation forms. Letters were sent to 123 colleges of Odontology that had graduated at least one class in 2003. In it, the curricular structure, and syllabus, was requested. Fifty colleges responded sending the material requested, which represents 40.65% of those contacted. The number of hours apportioned to Odontology in Public Health is heterogeneous, varying from 75 to 699 hours, with 44.18% of them in the range of 200 to 324 hours. In relation to the number of semesters required for Odontology in Public Health, it was found that the participating colleges apportioned 1 to 8 semesters, with a concentration in 2 and 3 semesters (20.93% each) and in 4 semesters (27.91%), while only 4.65% teach the course in 8 semesters. The nomenclature used by the colleges to designate the area of Odontology in Public Health is varied, and Social and Preventive Dentistry was most commonly used (30%). It was observed that all courses had a theoretical-practical character and 95.35% mentioned, in the syllabus, extra-mural activities. Teaching methodologies or strategies cited by the schools were expositive classes (100%), seminars (71.88%), practical classes (59.38%) and study group (40,63%). The evaluation forms used were written tests (100%), practical test (80%); evaluation of published studies (57.5%); evaluation of seminars (52.5%) and evaluation of term papers (25%)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:35:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 rodrigues_rpcb_me_araca.pdf: 322823 bytes, checksum: f69eda08e3375575ec6ef41850859735 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A área da Saúde Coletiva tem papel fundamental na formação do profissional com o perfil exigido pelas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais do curso de Odontologia, implementadas em 2002. O objetivo da pesquisa foi analisar as características das disciplinas da área da Saúde Coletiva nos currículos dos cursos de Odontologia do país, no que se refere à carga horária; duração em semestres; nomenclatura; formato da disciplina; metodologia de ensino; formas de avaliação. Foram enviadas correspondências para 123 cursos que tinham formado pelo menos uma turma até o ano de 2003, solicitando a estrutura curricular do curso e os planos de ensino das disciplinas. Cinqüenta cursos enviaram o material, representando 40,65% do total de cursos selecionados para a presente pesquisa. A carga horária destinada à Saúde Coletiva é heterogênea, encontrando-se de 75 a 699 horas, sendo que a maior porcentagem está na faixa de 200 a 324 horas, representando 44,18%. No que se refere à quantidade de semestres destinada à Saúde Coletiva, verificou-se que os cursos pesquisados destinam de 1 a 8 semestres, destacando-se a concentração em 2 e 3 semestres (20,93% cada) e em 4 semestres (27,91%), sendo que 4,65% ministram a disciplina em 8 semestres. São várias as nomenclaturas utilizadas pelos cursos para designar a área da Saúde Coletiva, sendo que Odontologia Social e Preventiva foi a mais citada (30%). Verificou-se que todas as disciplinas da área são de caráter teórico-prático e 95,35% dos cursos mencionaram, em seu plano de ensino, a existência de atividades extra-murais. As metodologias ou estratégias de ensino citadas pelas escolas foram aulas expositivas (100%), seminários (71,88%), aulas práticas (59,38%) e trabalho em grupo (40,63%). As formas de avaliação utilizadas foram prova escrita (100%), prova prática (80%); avaliação dos trabalhos (57,5%)... / The area of Odontology in Public Health plays a fundamental role in the formation of the professional as required by the National Curriculum Directives for the course of Odontology, implemented in 2002. This study analyzed the characteristics of the area of Odontology in Public Health in the curricula of Odontology courses in the country in relation to number of hours given to the course, duration of the course in semesters, nomenclature used, course format, teaching methodology, evaluation forms. Letters were sent to 123 colleges of Odontology that had graduated at least one class in 2003. In it, the curricular structure, and syllabus, was requested. Fifty colleges responded sending the material requested, which represents 40.65% of those contacted. The number of hours apportioned to Odontology in Public Health is heterogeneous, varying from 75 to 699 hours, with 44.18% of them in the range of 200 to 324 hours. In relation to the number of semesters required for Odontology in Public Health, it was found that the participating colleges apportioned 1 to 8 semesters, with a concentration in 2 and 3 semesters (20.93% each) and in 4 semesters (27.91%), while only 4.65% teach the course in 8 semesters. The nomenclature used by the colleges to designate the area of Odontology in Public Health is varied, and Social and Preventive Dentistry was most commonly used (30%). It was observed that all courses had a theoretical-practical character and 95.35% mentioned, in the syllabus, extra-mural activities. Teaching methodologies or strategies cited by the schools were expositive classes (100%), seminars (71.88%), practical classes (59.38%) and study group (40,63%). The evaluation forms used were written tests (100%), practical test (80%); evaluation of published studies (57.5%); evaluation of seminars (52.5%) and evaluation of term papers (25%)...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

The estimation of age at time of death is often an important step in the identification of human remains. If this age can be accurately estimated, it will significantly narrow the field of possible identities that will have to be compared to the remains in order to establish a positive identification. Some of the more accurate methods of age estimation, in the juvenile and younger adult, have been based on the assessment of the degree of dental development as it relates to chronological age. The purpose of this current study was to test the applicability of one such system, the Demirjian system, to a Sydney sample population, and to develop and test age prediction models using a large sample of Sydney children (1624 girls, 1637 boys). The use of the Demirjian standards resulted in consistent overestimates of chronological age in children under the age of 14 years by as much as a mean of 0.97 years, and underestimates of chronological age in children over 14 years by as much as a mean of 2.18 years in 16 year-old females. Of the alternative predictive models derived from the Sydney sample, those that provided the most accurate age estimates are applicable for the age ranges 2-14 years, with a coefficient of determination value of R-square=0.94 and a 95% confidence interval of �1.8 years. The Sydney based standards provided significantly different and more accurate estimates of age for that sample when compared to the published standards of Demirjian.

<p>Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka tandstatus fem år efter genomförd radioterapi mot huvud- och halscancer och jämföra med status omedelbart före radioterapistart. Ytterligare ett syfte var att undersöka hur patienterna upplever sin munhälsa. En kvantitativ deskriptiv tvärsnittsstudie har utförts på 21 patienter som har behandlats med radioterapi involverande hela eller delar av munhålan som stod på tur att kallas för en femårskontroll. Patienterna kallades från ett patientregister tillhörande sjukhustandvården på Käkkirurgiska kliniken i Lund. Studien delades in i tre delar: journal- och röntgengranskning, klinisk undersökning samt att patienterna fick besvara ett antal frågor rörande deras munhälsa. Resultatet visade att 43 (2.3 i medeltal range 0-6) tänder hade gått förlorade på fem år. Huvuddelen av de undersökta patienterna upplevde en påtaglig sänkt livskvalité efter genomgången radioterapi. Tänder har förlorats, lagats och ersatts. Låg salivsekretion, tugg- och sväljsvårigheter, karies samt osteoradionekros uppvisas som en sannolik följd av radioterapi.</p><p> </p> / <p>The purpose of this study was to examine the dental status in patients five years after completion of radiation therapy to the head and neck cancer and compare this with the dental status immediately before radiotherapy. A further aim was to investigate how patients perceived their oral health. A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 21 patients treated with radiotherapy involving all or parts of the oral cavity, which was on tour to be invited for a five-year control. Patients were called from a patient associated at the dentist at the hospital on Käkkirurgiska clinic in Lund. The study was divided into three parts: a retrospective analysis of dental journals- and radiographs, a clinical examination and a questionnaire about oral health. In total 43 (2.3 teeth on average and range 0-6) teeth had been lost over five years.</p><p>Most of the investigated patients experienced a reducted in quality of life following after radiotherapy. Teeth was lost, repaired and replaced. Salivary secretion was low and they experienced difficulties in chewing and swallowing. Osteoradionecroses was found after therapy in individuals and may be a consequence of radiotherapy.</p><p> </p>