The goal of this project is to investigate potential environmental responses to the extensive volcanism associated with the Afro-Arabian Large Igneous Province, by analyzing major and trace element contents in the carbonate phase of Oligocene sediments from Ocean Drilling Program Leg 115 Site 709. These sediments were deposited above the carbonate compensation depth and span the main eruption interval of the Afro-Arabian Province at ~30 Ma based on the presence of correlated volcanic ash layers. Large Igneous Provinces erupt large magma volumes (>0.1 million km3) over a short time period (<1 million years). Due to their size, many large igneous provinces coincide with episodes of global environmental change, as recorded in faunal extinction events, anomalies in the global carbon cycle, and changes in ocean water composition. A major issue with linking volcanic events to environmental change is determining synchronicity between volcanic and sedimentary records.The sediments of this study contain tephra layers that can correlated to specific onshore eruptions from the Afro-Arabian large igneous province, and provide a definitive record of the timing of volcanism. Major and trace element analysis of the sediments show five groups of elements that share similar chemical behaviors. The sediments can be divided into three stratigraphic groups with different compositions. The boundary between Group 2 (the middle group) and Group 3 (the shallow group) occurs at a depth of 243± 0.75 meters below sea floor, and is marked by a sudden increase in manganese and rare earth elements. Its inferred age of 30.45 ± 0.10 Ma is consistent with the onset of Afro-Arabian volcanism. The boundary between Group 1, the deepest stratigraphic group, and Group 2 may occur at a depth of 258.21 ± 0.75 meters below sea floor, with an inferred age of 32.31 ± 0.10 Ma, defined by a gradual decrease in manganese and rare earth elements. This chemical change might correlate with the timing of the Eocene-Oligocene Oi-1 global cooling event, however additional analyses of [delta]18 O and [delta]13 C stable isotopes are necessary to fully resolve any connection.

Abstract The pattern of seafloor magnetic anomalies is a record for the self-reversals of the Earth magnetic field from the long past to the present. It has preserved crucial data for the formation and evolution of oceanic crusts and is one of the most important evidences for the theory of plate tectonics. However, the features and origins of magnetic carriers in the sheeted dikes of oceanic crusts have not been completely understood and are still in debate. In the present study, magnetic minerals in the core samples, which were drilled from the sheeted dikes at the DSDP/ODP 504B drill hole during Legs 83, 111, 137, 140, and 148, have been studied by using methods of rock magnetism and mineralogy with high-resolution petrographic tools (transmission electron microscopy, TEM). Our results indicate that the sheeted dike basalts have been subjected to different degrees of hydrothermal alterations, which are equivalent to greenschist facies to amphibolite facies metamorphism on the basis of the secondary mineral assemblages. The primary titanomagnetite in all the sheeted dike basalts has suffered high-temperature oxidation, exsolution, and hydrothermal alteration, and transformed into magnetite, which becomes the main magnetic mineral in the sheeted dikes. The lamellar widths of the secondary magnetite, as observed with electron microscopy, are consistent with the grain sizes inferred form the rock magnetic properties. The grain sizes of the magnetite are within the pseudo-single-domain field and increase with depths of the sheeted dikes. The consistent results of the whole-rock magnetic properties and the TEM observations have proved that the secondary magnetite and its textural features are representative of the features of magnetic mineral in the sheeted dikes. Therefore, on the basis of the formation model of the magnetite, it is inferred that the sheeted dike basalts obtained thermal chemical remanent magnetization (TCRM) at ~500¢XC (high-temperature oxidation, or exsolution), and then obtained chemical remanent magnetization (CRM) at ~350¢XC (hydrothermal alteration). The timing for the magnetization of the sheeted dike basalts thus lags slightly behind their formation. The primary titanomagnetite in the sheeted dikes has been completely transformed into pseudomorphs that consist of approximately half magnetite and half ilmenite or other phases. Thus, the natural remanent magnetization (NRM) of the sheeted dikes is only about half of that for the extrusive pillow basalts. However, the total thickness of the sheeted dikes is about three times of that for the pillow basalts. The sheeted dikes should have contributed to the seafloor magnetic anomalies to some extents.

I performed statistical analysis of shipboard physical properties data from the Ocean Drilling Program to investigate relationships between the physical properties data and the lithology of deep ocean cores. The use of non-invasive experiments on deep-sea core samples offers a near real-time view of sediments and requires little user interaction or interpretation. The speed, density, and accuracy of these experiments make efficient use of limited space and expensive ship time. The fact that these experiments are noninvasive also allows for further post-cruise studies. For the study I chose Leg 162 (July-September 1995 in the North Atlantic) for the density of data, the experiments performed, the quantity and quality of post-cruise publications and the influence of different, yet dominant, environments. Combining similar lithologies across a Leg increased sample size and offered a more statistically normalized sample. Interpolation of the physical properties data matched the intervals used for the lithological determinations. Statistical methods included univariate and multivariate correlation matrices, mean and standard deviations, the significance of the correlations, and a model equation for each lithology and the Leg as a whole. By looking at the physical properties, one can estimate the lithology. This research is important because sedimentological and geophysical approaches can be merged to offer a more accurate, more detailed view of the depositional history of oceanic cores. Through statistical analysis of geophysical data, the findings duplicate the findings of the sedimentologists without the painstaking examinations typical of this type of research. Performing experiments and analysis quickly and accurately with minimal operator error allows for immediate discussions and results. Use of this research as a data verification tool provides the ability to distinguish data acquisition problems and misidentifications. This application has proven invaluable for allowing a non-sedimentologist quantitative insight into the lithology.

No description available.

No description available.

Submitted by Amanda Silva (amanda.osilva2@ufpe.br) on 2015-03-04T11:54:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE IONEIDE ALVES.pdf: 6696005 bytes, checksum: 74feedc7fa319b8af78f93510cb5fdd0 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-04T11:54:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 TESE IONEIDE ALVES.pdf: 6696005 bytes, checksum: 74feedc7fa319b8af78f93510cb5fdd0 (MD5) license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo geral avaliar a variabilidade e as tendências dos índices de detecção de mudanças climáticas, déficit e excedente hídrico, na bacia do rio Una, PE, a partir da analise do comportamento da precipitação anual, semestral, mensal e diária. Foram consideradas 15 localidades que dispunham de dados pluviométricos diários e mensais no período de 1965 a 2006. Para a obtenção dos índices de tendência climática, utilizou-se o software RClimdex 2.9.0. A classificação dos anos extremos foi obtida através do índice de seca. Os anos extremos foram comparados com as anomalias das temperaturas da superfície do mar nos oceanos Pacífico e Atlântico. A identificação das áreas com déficit e excedente hídrico ocorreu por meio da estimativa do balanço hídrico climático, bem como a classificação das áreas de maiores e menores riscos climáticos. Os índices de detecção de mudanças climáticas apontaram tendência de redução de chuva em toda a extensão da bacia, aumento na quantidade de dias secos e diminuição dos dias úmidos, e tendência positiva na quantidade de dias com precipitações iguais e superiores a 50 mm por dia no Litoral (Barreiros). As áreas com maiores deficiência hídricas encontram-se no Agreste e com maior disponibilidade hídrica na Zona da Mata e no Litoral. A bacia do Una apresenta alta variabilidade na distribuição espacial e temporal da precipitação diária, mensal, sazonal e anual. Os padrões de variabilidades dos oceanos Pacífico e Atlântico influenciam no comportamento pluviométrico por intermédio dos fenômenos oceânico-atmosférico de grande escala ENOS, ODP e Dipolo do Atlântico.

O Gerenciamento de Facilidades é considerado por muitos autores como um campo interdisciplinar dedicado a garantir a funcionalidade do ambiente construído através da integração de pessoas, lugar, processos e tecnologia. Para desenvolver um modelo arquitetônico que possa ser usado para lidar com a Gerência Facilidades (GF), é primeiramente necessário estabelecer o papel que ele deve ter nos negócios, como deve executar esses papéis e então verificar se ele atinge esses requisitos. Um ponto crítico no desenvolvimento de um modelo para gerenciar facilidades é a falta de uma arquitetura corporativa; devido a que os sistemas prediais e outros sistemas referentes à infraestrutura foram concebidos sem uma visão de GF; por outro lado, estes sistemas normalmente são compostos por diversas tecnologias heterogêneas às quais para funcionar corretamente, devem satisfazer exigências como desempenho, confiabilidade, portabilidade, escalabilidade e interoperatividade, entre outras. Este trabalho de dissertação propõe utilizar uma arquitetura de objetos distribuídos para otimizar o processo de GF, aplicado em um caso real, especificamente em uma indústria de eletroeletrônicos do Pólo Industrial de Manaus. O objetivo de utilizar a referida arquitetura é para reduzir a sua complexidade através da abstração e separação de requisitos de projeto e, ao mesmo tempo, direcionar os passos que serão tomados pelas tarefas envolvidas. O método proposto para atingir tal objetivo é a identificação do processo de GF, a especificação, onde a informação obtida será classificada em forma de visões utilizando o RM-ODP, e a modelagem, onde se analisa as complexidades, como relacionamentos, dependências e limitações do processo de negócios, objetivando elaborar uma arquitetura que será implementada nos domínios de aplicação do processo de GF. / The Facilities Management is considered by many authors as an interdisciplinary field devoted to ensure the functionality of the built environment by integrating people, place, process and technology. To develop an architectural model that can be used to deal with management facilities, it is first necessary to establish the role that it must have in business, how to perform these roles and then see if it achieves these requirements. A critical point in developing a model for managing facilities is the lack of an enterprise architecture, due to the building systems and other systems related to infrastructure were designed without a vision of FM on the other hand, these systems usually consist of several heterogeneous technologies in which to function properly must meet requirements such as performance, reliability, portability, scalability and interoperability, among others. This dissertation work proposes to use distributed object architecture to optimize the process of Facilities Management, applied in a real case, especially in a consumer electronics industry of the Industrial Pole of Manaus. The purpose of using this architecture is to reduce complexity through abstraction and separation of design requirements, while directing the steps to be taken by the tasks involved. The proposed method for achieving this goal is the identification of the FM process, specifying where the information obtained will be sorted in order of views using the RM-ODP, and modeling which analyzes the complexities, such as relationships, dependencies and constraints in the process of business, aiming to develop an architecture that will be implemented in the areas of application of the FM process.

A Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) é uma notação compreensível pelos usuários de negócio, a Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) é utilizada na coordenação da execução dos processos de negócio implementados, através de chamadas a serviços. Há muitas pesquisas no relacionamento das duas linguagens, em diferentes formas no ciclo de desenvolvimento de software para, a partir do modelo BPMN, se obter o modelo BPEL correspondente. Porém há um problema comum na sincronização entre os modelos, ou seja, a partir do modelo BPEL não é possível retornar ao modelo BPMN. Esse trabalho apresenta uma forma de se obter o relacionamento utilizando visões da arquitetura de software. Como BPEL utiliza chamada a serviços para coordenar a execução de processos de negócio, foi utilizado o estilo arquitetural orientado a serviço (SOA). Com isso, a partir do problema de uso entre duas tecnologias, observou-se o problema de relacionamento entre a especificação de processos de negócio e execução destes processos através dos serviços. A solução proposta é aplicar as visões arquiteturais da Open Distributed Processing (ODP) na especificação e execução dos processos de negócio. Para aplicar as visões arquiteturais ODP foram utilizados o estilo arquitetural SOA e os conceitos de evolução de arquitetura de software da Model Driven Architecture (MDA). / The Business Process Modeling Notation (BPMN) brings a notation that is readily understandable by all business users and the Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) is meant to be used to coordinate the execution of the process implemented, through web services call. There are several researches that demonstrate how to relate both languages, in various forms inside the software development process, to obtain the BPEL from the BPMN model. But there is a commom problem in synchronization between models, ie from BPEL model can not return to the BPMN model. This paper presents a way to obtain the relationship using views of software architecture. As BPEL uses the services to coordinate the execution of business processes, this paper used the software oriented architecture (SOA). Thus, from the problem of use of two technologies, emerged the problem of relationship between the specification of business processes and implementation of these processes, through the services. The proposed solution is to apply architectural views of the Open Distributed Processing (ODP) in the specification and execution of business processes. To apply the ODP architectural views were used the SOA architectural style and concepts of software architecture evolution of the Model Driven Architecture (MDA).

É o trabalho de um middleware organizar as atividades de seus diferentes elementos componentes de maneira a operar sincronamente com a execução de uma aplicação. O resultado deste trabalho deve ser transparente para quem interage com o sistema, percebendo-o como um único bloco coeso e sincronizado, orquestrado por um agente principal. Este é o objeto deste trabalho, a especificação de um middleware e seus componentes internos indicando suas principais características e funcionalidades e também sua operação na execução de uma aplicação distribuída. Também foi levado em consideração os novos ambientes nos quais as aplicações distribuídas estão inseridas tais como a diversidade de dispositivos gerenciados pelos usuários, a necessidade de constantes mudanças no sistema, o uso de novas tecnologias no desenvolvimento de software e a necessidade de definições de sistemas abertos. Para a especificação deste middleware, foi utilizado o modelo de referência Open Distributed Processing (ODP) da ISO/IEC que permite que um sistema seja visualizado em cinco pontos de vista distintos. Ao final o sistema é especificado utilizando a tecnologia de componentes de software, ilustrando seu uso numa aplicação comercial. / It’s the job of a middleware to organize the activities of its different component elements as to operate in synchrony with the execution of an application. The result of this work should be transparent to whom interact with the system, perceiving it as a single synchronized and cohered block, orchestrated by a master agent. This is the subject of this work, the specification of a middleware and its internal components indicating its major characteristics and functionalities and also its operation in the execution of distributed applications. It was also taken into account the new environment in which the distributed applications are inserted such as the diversity of devices managed by the users, the necessity for constant system changing, the use of new technologies in software development and the necessity for definition of open systems. For the specification of this middleware, it was used the reference model of Open Distributed Processing (ODP) from ISO/IEC that allows a system to be visualized by five different points of view. By the end the system is specified using the technology of component software, illustrating its use through commercial component software.

É o trabalho de um middleware organizar as atividades de seus diferentes elementos componentes de maneira a operar sincronamente com a execução de uma aplicação. O resultado deste trabalho deve ser transparente para quem interage com o sistema, percebendo-o como um único bloco coeso e sincronizado, orquestrado por um agente principal. Este é o objeto deste trabalho, a especificação de um middleware e seus componentes internos indicando suas principais características e funcionalidades e também sua operação na execução de uma aplicação distribuída. Também foi levado em consideração os novos ambientes nos quais as aplicações distribuídas estão inseridas tais como a diversidade de dispositivos gerenciados pelos usuários, a necessidade de constantes mudanças no sistema, o uso de novas tecnologias no desenvolvimento de software e a necessidade de definições de sistemas abertos. Para a especificação deste middleware, foi utilizado o modelo de referência Open Distributed Processing (ODP) da ISO/IEC que permite que um sistema seja visualizado em cinco pontos de vista distintos. Ao final o sistema é especificado utilizando a tecnologia de componentes de software, ilustrando seu uso numa aplicação comercial. / It’s the job of a middleware to organize the activities of its different component elements as to operate in synchrony with the execution of an application. The result of this work should be transparent to whom interact with the system, perceiving it as a single synchronized and cohered block, orchestrated by a master agent. This is the subject of this work, the specification of a middleware and its internal components indicating its major characteristics and functionalities and also its operation in the execution of distributed applications. It was also taken into account the new environment in which the distributed applications are inserted such as the diversity of devices managed by the users, the necessity for constant system changing, the use of new technologies in software development and the necessity for definition of open systems. For the specification of this middleware, it was used the reference model of Open Distributed Processing (ODP) from ISO/IEC that allows a system to be visualized by five different points of view. By the end the system is specified using the technology of component software, illustrating its use through commercial component software.