Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:25:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-06-07Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:13:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_gfg_me_jabo.pdf: 795664 bytes, checksum: 8c5c49c27fc56b49816f054bb7260c33 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O controle químico, por meio de aplicações de agrotóxicos, destaca-se no combate aos organismos danosos às culturas agrícolas. Devido à toxicidade dos agrotóxicos, qualquer atividade onde se utiliza do controle químico, existe o risco de intoxicação dos trabalhadores e, portanto, há a necessidade de se adotar medidas de segurança. Acredita-se que os trabalhadores não estão convenientemente protegidos do risco de intoxicação com os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) confeccionados no país, por que ainda não têm a eficiência e a vida útil avaliadas em ensaios de laboratório ou de campo. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar com o procedimento da norma F 2130 da ASTM a eficiência dos tecidos hidrorrepelentes, em condições de laboratório, dos conjuntos de EPIs Bege Cru (100% algodão) e Camuflado (69% algodão/31% poliamida), usados por trabalhadores em pulverizações de agrotóxicos em culturas de cana-de-açúcar e de citros sem e com 5, 10, 20 e 30 usos e lavagens, e avaliar o uso da combinação da técnica de fotomicrografia dos tecidos com a técnica de análise de imagem quantitativamente, por meio das porcentagens de fibras e de poros dos tecidos para explicar as variações de repelência, retenção e penetração dos agrotóxicos nos materiais dos tecidos sem e após dez usos e lavagens. O tecido do conjunto Camuflado é mais eficiente que o do conjunto Bege Cru na proteção às formulações Supera SC® (hidróxido de cobre) e Roundup Original CS® (glyphosate). A combinação das técnicas de fotomicrografia e de quantificação percentual da porosidade por meio de software é adequada para avaliar a desorganização da estrutura física dos tecidos após usos e lavagens. A estrutura da porosidade do tecido do conjunto Camuflado não é alterada, mas a do tecido Bege Cru é alterada após os dez usos e lavagens em condições de campo / Chemical control by spraying of pesticides, stands in combating organisms that damage agricultural crops. There is the risk of occupational poisoning in any activity where chemistry control is used for prevention and treatment of the agricultural crops, and it is necessary to adopt security measures. It is believed that workers are not satisfactorily protected from the risk of poisoning, because the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) made in Brazil does not have its efficiency and life cycle adequately evaluated in laboratory or field testing. Stated thus, the present study has aimed to evaluate, by the procedure of F 2130 standard of ASTM, the efficiency of hidrorrepelent clothes, under laboratory conditions, from the sets of EPIs Bege Cru (100% cotton) and Camuflado ( 69% cotton / 31% polyamide), that were used by workers in activities of spraying of sugar cane and citrus crops with and without 5, 10, 20 and 30 uses and laundering, and to evaluate the use of a combination of the photomicrographs technical of clothes with the quantitative technique of image analysis, by the percentages of fibers and pores of the clothes to explain the variations of repellency, retention and penetration of pesticides in the clothes without and after ten uses and washes. It was concluded that the Camuflado cloth is more efficient than the Bege Cru, in both formulations of product crop protection used in laboratory tests with the application of the ASTM standard F2130. The combination of the techniques of photomicrography and quantifying the percentage of porosity by the software is suitable for evaluating disorganization of the physical structure of the clothes after using and washing.It was also concluded through the study that the porosity of Camuflado cloth (cotton/nylon) has not changed its structure after ten washes, however Bege Cru cloth (cotton) was altered

Orientador: Joaquim Gonçalves Machado Neto / Banca: Julio Cesar Galli / Banca: Maurício Leite de Oliveira / Resumo: O controle químico, por meio de aplicações de agrotóxicos, destaca-se no combate aos organismos danosos às culturas agrícolas. Devido à toxicidade dos agrotóxicos, qualquer atividade onde se utiliza do controle químico, existe o risco de intoxicação dos trabalhadores e, portanto, há a necessidade de se adotar medidas de segurança. Acredita-se que os trabalhadores não estão convenientemente protegidos do risco de intoxicação com os Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) confeccionados no país, por que ainda não têm a eficiência e a vida útil avaliadas em ensaios de laboratório ou de campo. Desta forma, objetivou-se avaliar com o procedimento da norma F 2130 da ASTM a eficiência dos tecidos hidrorrepelentes, em condições de laboratório, dos conjuntos de EPIs Bege Cru (100% algodão) e Camuflado (69% algodão/31% poliamida), usados por trabalhadores em pulverizações de agrotóxicos em culturas de cana-de-açúcar e de citros sem e com 5, 10, 20 e 30 usos e lavagens, e avaliar o uso da combinação da técnica de fotomicrografia dos tecidos com a técnica de análise de imagem quantitativamente, por meio das porcentagens de fibras e de poros dos tecidos para explicar as variações de repelência, retenção e penetração dos agrotóxicos nos materiais dos tecidos sem e após dez usos e lavagens. O tecido do conjunto Camuflado é mais eficiente que o do conjunto Bege Cru na proteção às formulações Supera SC® (hidróxido de cobre) e Roundup Original CS® (glyphosate). A combinação das técnicas de fotomicrografia e de quantificação percentual da porosidade por meio de software é adequada para avaliar a desorganização da estrutura física dos tecidos após usos e lavagens. A estrutura da porosidade do tecido do conjunto Camuflado não é alterada, mas a do tecido Bege Cru é alterada após os dez usos e lavagens em condições de campo / Abstract: Chemical control by spraying of pesticides, stands in combating organisms that damage agricultural crops. There is the risk of occupational poisoning in any activity where chemistry control is used for prevention and treatment of the agricultural crops, and it is necessary to adopt security measures. It is believed that workers are not satisfactorily protected from the risk of poisoning, because the Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) made in Brazil does not have its efficiency and life cycle adequately evaluated in laboratory or field testing. Stated thus, the present study has aimed to evaluate, by the procedure of F 2130 standard of ASTM, the efficiency of hidrorrepelent clothes, under laboratory conditions, from the sets of EPIs Bege Cru (100% cotton) and Camuflado ( 69% cotton / 31% polyamide), that were used by workers in activities of spraying of sugar cane and citrus crops with and without 5, 10, 20 and 30 uses and laundering, and to evaluate the use of a combination of the photomicrographs technical of clothes with the quantitative technique of image analysis, by the percentages of fibers and pores of the clothes to explain the variations of repellency, retention and penetration of pesticides in the clothes without and after ten uses and washes. It was concluded that the Camuflado cloth is more efficient than the Bege Cru, in both formulations of product crop protection used in laboratory tests with the application of the ASTM standard F2130. The combination of the techniques of photomicrography and quantifying the percentage of porosity by the software is suitable for evaluating disorganization of the physical structure of the clothes after using and washing.It was also concluded through the study that the porosity of Camuflado cloth (cotton/nylon) has not changed its structure after ten washes, however Bege Cru cloth (cotton) was altered / Mestre

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Objective:describe and correlate the auditory perceptual and acoustic measures, vocal self-assessment, vocal complaints, gender and professional characteristics of professors at Santa Maria city (RS/Brazil). Methods: participated in the study professors of elementary school at Santa Maria (RS/Brazil), aged between 20 and 66 years. It was held the vocal auditory perceptual analysis by CAPE-V scale and acoustics through the Multi-Dimensional Voice Program Advanced by Kay Pentax®. Have been applied protocols of vocal self-assessment and quality of life related to voice, Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS), Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and Voice-Related Quality of Life (VRQL), a questionnaire containing data identification, the overall health, occupational and vocal complaints, and statistical tests ANOVA and Pearson correlation. Results: 114 professors of both genders worked on average 6,96h hours a day, for about 12,7 years and the majority had vocal complaints (72,8%). There was an association between vocal self-assessment scales and presence of vocal complaints. The VoiSS and VHI showed positive correlation and negative correlation was observed of both protocols in relation to VRQL. The group of females (99) worked on average 6,98 hours a day, hath, on average, 12,91 years; 74,7% had vocal complaints. The auditory perceptual parameters were normal, at the acoustic analysis, all measures for disturbance of frequency (jitter), disturbance of amplitude (shimmer), deaf segments or unvoiced and sub-harmonics showed above the normal range as well as standard deviation of the fundamental frequency and soft phonation index.It was observed correlation between increase of disturbance frequency and increase of age, decrease in amplitude disturbance according increase in daily use of the voice, increased roughness, breathiness and overall degree of voice according to increasing age and duration of professional activities of professors.Conclusion:The group of professors of both genders work on average 6,96 hours a day, works as a professor for about 12,7 years and presents vocal complaints contrasting with a good quality of life related to voice. Professors with complaints showed higher occurrence of vocal symptoms, greater voice handicap index and lower quality of life in voice, with a higher occurrence of vocal symptoms in females. TheVoiSS and VHIshowed positive correlation and negative correlation was observed of both protocols in relation to VRQL, showing that are complementary. Regarding the group of female teachers, their voice was considered normal for auditory perceptual evaluation, but there was noise detection and instability in acoustic analysis, with the predominance of vocal complaints, as well as alteration of auditory perceptual and acoustic measures with increasing age and professiontime. / Objetivo:descrever e correlacionar medidas vocais perceptivoauditivas e acústicas, autoavaliação vocal, queixas vocais, sexo e características profissionais de professores de Santa Maria (RS/Brasil). Métodos: participaram do estudo professores do ensino fundamental de Santa Maria (RS/Brasil), com idades entre 20 e 66 anos. Realizou-se análise vocal perceptivoauditiva por meio da escala CAPE-V e acústica por meio do Multi-Dimensional Voice Program Advanced da Kay Pentax®. Aplicaram-se os protocolos de autoavaliação vocal e da qualidade de vida relacionada à voz Escala de Sintomas Vocais, Índice de Desvantagem Vocal e Qualidade de Vida em Voz, um questionário contendo dados de identificação, saúde geral, ocupacionais e queixas vocais, e os testes estatísticos Correlação de Pearson e ANOVA. Resultados: 114 professores de ambos os sexos atuavam em média 6,96h por dia, há cerca de 12,7 anos e a maioria apresentava queixas vocais (72,8%). Observou-se associação entre as escalas de autoavaliação vocal e a presença de queixas vocais. A ESV e o IDV mostraram correlação positiva e houve correlação negativa de ambos os protocolos em relação ao QVV. O grupo do sexo feminino (n=99) atuava em média 6,98h por dia, há, em média, 12,91 anos; 74,7% apresentavam queixas vocais. Os parâmetros perceptivoauditivos estiveram dentro da variabilidade normal; na análise acústica, todas as medidas de perturbação de frequência (jitter), de perturbação de amplitude (shimmer),de segmentos surdos ou não sonorizados e de segmentos sub-harmônicos mostraram-se acima da normalidade, bem como o desvio-padrão da frequência fundamental e o índice de fonação suave. Observou-se correlação entre aumento da perturbação de frequência e aumento da idade; diminuição de perturbação da amplitude conforme aumento do uso diário da voz; aumento da rugosidade, soprosidade e grau geral da voz conforme aumento da idade e do tempo de atuação profissional das docentes. Conclusão:O grupo de professores de ambos os sexos trabalha em média 6,96h por dia, atua como docente há cerca de 12,7 anos e apresenta queixas vocais contrastando com uma boa qualidade de vida relacionada à voz. Professores com queixas apresentaram maior ocorrência de sintomas vocais, maior índice de desvantagem vocal e menor qualidade de vida em voz, havendo maior ocorrência de sintomas vocais no sexo feminino. A ESV e o IDV mostraram correlação positiva e houve correlação negativa de ambos os protocolos em relação ao QVV, mostrando que são complementares. Quanto ao grupo de professoras, sua voz foi considerada normal pela avaliação perceptivoauditiva, mas houve detecção de ruído e instabilidade na análise acústica, com predomínio de queixas vocais, bem como alteração de medidas acústicas e perceptivoauditivas com o aumento de idade e do tempo de profissão.

People were aware of the connection between the quality of the job done and the person performing the job as early as in the ancient times and in the times of ancient Egypt. In the course of centuries prevention was favoured over the treatment of an injury or illness. Nowadays the healthcare for employees is regulated by numerous international as well as national rules of law, the most important international one for the observed field being the International Labour Organization Convention No. 161 ? Occupation health services Convention. Upon this international convention ratified in Czechoslovakia in February 1989, many rules of law dealing with the health protection of employees at their workplaces are specified in our legal order, the significant being the Act 262/2006 Coll., Labour Code and newly also the Specific Healthcare Act 373/2011 Coll. The thesis aims to recapitulate the basic rule of law regarding the above-mentioned matter as well as finding out how these rules of law are adhered to and what the employees' awareness concerning their rights and obligations in the area of occupational healthcare is. The practical research of this thesis used qualitative dialogues with the representatives of 10 companies with different business planes. At the same time, a quantitative survey took place among the employees of the same companies. The results indicate that employers meet their obligations to their employees in the area of arranging occupational health services including regular medical checkups. Furthermore, employers try to respect the doctor's capability to work, despite the fact that this area is often quite problematic for them. The employees themselves are aware of their rights and obligations in the area of occupational health services.

Ce mémoire a pour objectif d’explorer l’effet indirect des pratiques de gestion à haute performance sur l’épuisement émotionnel. Les ressources du travail (latitude décisionnelle et soutien social des superviseurs) et les demandes du travail (demandes psychologiques et heures hebdomadaires travaillées) sont envisagées comme mécanismes de médiation dans cette relation. La théorie des demandes-ressources du travail (Demerouti, Bakker, Nachreiner et Schaufeli, 2001) qui est en toile de fond de ce travail est bonifiée par l’ajout d’un construit de niveau groupal dans l’explication de l’épuisement émotionnel. Aussi, cette étude vise à tester deux perspectives antagonistes sur l’effet des pratiques de gestion à haute performance sur la santé au travail. Les données à la base de cette étude proviennent de l’étude SALVEO réalisée, entre 2009 et 2012, par l’Équipe de recherche sur le travail et la santé mentale (ERTSM). Au total, 1961 employés répartis dans 89 groupes d’employés de 60 établissements ont été sondés sur leur niveau perçu de latitude décisionnelle, du soutien social des superviseurs, de demandes psychologiques, d’heures hebdomadaires travaillées et d’épuisement émotionnel. Les gestionnaires de ces établissements ont été sondés sur la mise en place des pratiques de gestion à haute performance. Pour tester les hypothèses, des analyses descriptives, bivariées et des analyses de cheminement de la causalité multiniveaux ont été réalisées. Les résultats suggèrent que les ressources du travail contribuent à réduire l’épuisement émotionnel alors que les demandes psychologiques contribuent à l’augmenter. Les résultats rejettent la perspective pluraliste et confirment l’approche unitariste en soutenant que certaines pratiques de gestion à haute performance telles que la rémunération variable et la participation à la prise de décision sont associées à moins d’épuisement émotionnel en procurant plus de ressources aux individus. D’autres comme la dotation sont aussi associées à moins d’épuisement émotionnel en réduisant les demandes psychologiques. Par ailleurs, cette étude ne confirme pas que la combinaison des pratiques de gestion à haute performance avait plus d’effet sur les individus que les pratiques prises de manière individuelle. Les résultats mettent en lumière toute l’importance de la poursuite des études portant sur l’association entre la gestion des ressources humaines et la santé au travail. / This thesis aims to explore the indirect effect of high-performance work practices on emotional exhaustion. Job resources (job control and supervisors social support) and job demands (psychological demands and work hours) are theorized as mediation mechanisms in this relationship. Job demands-resources theory (Demerouti et.al, 2001) in background of this work is enhanced by the addition of a group-level construct in the explanation of emotional exhaustion. Therefore, this study aims to test two antagonistic perspectives on the effect of high-performance work practices on occupational health. The data for this study is from the SALVEO study conducted between 2009 and 2012 by the Équipe de recherche sur le travail et la santé mentale (ERTSM). A total of 1,961 employees in 89 employee groups nested in 60 workplaces were surveyed on their perceived level of job control, supervisor social support, psychological demands, work hours and emotional exhaustion. The line managers were surveyed on the implementation of high-performance work practices. To test hypotheses, descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis, and multilevel path analysis were performed. Results suggest that job resources reduce emotional exhaustion whereas psychological demands increase it. The finding further reject the pluralist perspective and confirm the unitarist approach by arguing that some high-performance management practices such as compensation and participation in decision-making are associated with less emotional exhaustion by providing more job resources to individuals. Others like staffing are also associated with less emotional exhaustion by reducing jobs demands. Moreover, we did not find evidence that combination of high-performance management practices had more effect on individuals than individual practices. Results highlight the importance of continuing studies on the association between human resources management and occupational health.

Qualified persons in the field of occupational risks Abstract Qualified persons in the field of occupational risks are persons dealing with different levels of risk, different extent and type of risks. In this set is not only the person for health and safety, but there are other qualified persons as well. For example, a qualified person who provides and performs the ccupational health services, a qualified person for fire protection, a construction safety coordinator, as well as an inspection technician of dedicated technical equipment, etc. A key qualified person in occupational risk and health and safety prevention is a person who assist employers in occupational risk prevention by managing risk identification, providing risk assesments, identification of source and risks causes and incidents. This person takes care about risk factors on worplaces such as microclima, chemical and biological hazards, noise, ergonomy and many others risks and continuosly advises employers of identificated risk on workplaces. He leads as a expert in health and safety, but not responsible, for applying right and effective principles of work safety and accident prevention and provide high qualified consultating job for employers. As well as is need to be noticed that employers has a legal obligation to have minimum one these...