Estudos demonstram que os pacientes bipolares apresentam prejuízos cognitivos durante episódios de humor e períodos de eutimia. São objetivos deste estudo: comparar o desempenho de 31 bipolares eutímicos, 34 bipolares deprimidos e 31 controles saudáveis nos subtestes da Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Adultos – Terceira Edição; explorar quais variáveis clínicas influíram no desempenho desses subtestes; e investigar quais déficits relacionaram-se com atividade ocupacional. Os pacientes deprimidos tiveram performance inferior aos controles nos subtestes envolvendo material visual e memória de trabalho. Em um subteste de atenção e memória de trabalho ambos os grupos de pacientes apresentaram desempenho inferior aos controles. A performance em diversos subtestes foi negativamente associada à gravidade do transtorno nos dois grupos de pacientes. O uso de medicações mostrou-se relacionado à performance dos pacientes nos subtestes. Os pacientes deprimidos em atividade ocupacional também apresentaram melhor desempenho em diferentes tarefas cognitivas. / Studies have demonstrated that bipolar patients display cognitive deficits during mood episodes and remission periods. This study had the following objectives: to compare the performance of 31 bipolar euthymic patients, 34 depressed bipolar patients and 31 healthy controls at the subtests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition (WAISIII); to explore which clinical variables had an influence in the performance of these subtests; and to investigate which deficits might be related to occupational activity. The depressed patients performed worse to the controls on the subtests involving visual material and working memory. In an attention and working memory subtest (Digit Span) both patient groups had a poorer performance than the controls. The performance on several subtests was negatively associated to the severity of the disorder in both patient groups. The use of medication was related with performance of the patients on the subtests. The depressed patients with occupational activity had also a better performance on different cognitive tasks.

Estudos demonstram que os pacientes bipolares apresentam prejuízos cognitivos durante episódios de humor e períodos de eutimia. São objetivos deste estudo: comparar o desempenho de 31 bipolares eutímicos, 34 bipolares deprimidos e 31 controles saudáveis nos subtestes da Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Adultos – Terceira Edição; explorar quais variáveis clínicas influíram no desempenho desses subtestes; e investigar quais déficits relacionaram-se com atividade ocupacional. Os pacientes deprimidos tiveram performance inferior aos controles nos subtestes envolvendo material visual e memória de trabalho. Em um subteste de atenção e memória de trabalho ambos os grupos de pacientes apresentaram desempenho inferior aos controles. A performance em diversos subtestes foi negativamente associada à gravidade do transtorno nos dois grupos de pacientes. O uso de medicações mostrou-se relacionado à performance dos pacientes nos subtestes. Os pacientes deprimidos em atividade ocupacional também apresentaram melhor desempenho em diferentes tarefas cognitivas. / Studies have demonstrated that bipolar patients display cognitive deficits during mood episodes and remission periods. This study had the following objectives: to compare the performance of 31 bipolar euthymic patients, 34 depressed bipolar patients and 31 healthy controls at the subtests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition (WAISIII); to explore which clinical variables had an influence in the performance of these subtests; and to investigate which deficits might be related to occupational activity. The depressed patients performed worse to the controls on the subtests involving visual material and working memory. In an attention and working memory subtest (Digit Span) both patient groups had a poorer performance than the controls. The performance on several subtests was negatively associated to the severity of the disorder in both patient groups. The use of medication was related with performance of the patients on the subtests. The depressed patients with occupational activity had also a better performance on different cognitive tasks.

Estudos demonstram que os pacientes bipolares apresentam prejuízos cognitivos durante episódios de humor e períodos de eutimia. São objetivos deste estudo: comparar o desempenho de 31 bipolares eutímicos, 34 bipolares deprimidos e 31 controles saudáveis nos subtestes da Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Adultos – Terceira Edição; explorar quais variáveis clínicas influíram no desempenho desses subtestes; e investigar quais déficits relacionaram-se com atividade ocupacional. Os pacientes deprimidos tiveram performance inferior aos controles nos subtestes envolvendo material visual e memória de trabalho. Em um subteste de atenção e memória de trabalho ambos os grupos de pacientes apresentaram desempenho inferior aos controles. A performance em diversos subtestes foi negativamente associada à gravidade do transtorno nos dois grupos de pacientes. O uso de medicações mostrou-se relacionado à performance dos pacientes nos subtestes. Os pacientes deprimidos em atividade ocupacional também apresentaram melhor desempenho em diferentes tarefas cognitivas. / Studies have demonstrated that bipolar patients display cognitive deficits during mood episodes and remission periods. This study had the following objectives: to compare the performance of 31 bipolar euthymic patients, 34 depressed bipolar patients and 31 healthy controls at the subtests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – Third Edition (WAISIII); to explore which clinical variables had an influence in the performance of these subtests; and to investigate which deficits might be related to occupational activity. The depressed patients performed worse to the controls on the subtests involving visual material and working memory. In an attention and working memory subtest (Digit Span) both patient groups had a poorer performance than the controls. The performance on several subtests was negatively associated to the severity of the disorder in both patient groups. The use of medication was related with performance of the patients on the subtests. The depressed patients with occupational activity had also a better performance on different cognitive tasks.

Contexte et objectifs : Le taux d’activité des femmes a augmenté régulièrement depuis les années 1970 et les femmes sont de plus en plus souvent en emploi au moment où elles vont avoir une grossesse. Ce travail a pour principal objectif de décrire et comprendre les liens entre l’activité professionnelle et la grossesse. Tout d’abord, en comparant les taux d’activité professionnelle selon que les femmes sont enceintes ou appartiennent à la population féminine générale. Dans un second temps, en observant comment le groupe professionnel et le statut de l’emploi occupé influencent le moment de l’arrêt de travail pendant la grossesse. Enfin la troisième partie analyse l’impact de la position sociale, définie d’abord par le statut d’emploi des femmes et prenant en compte leur situation de couple et l’emploi du partenaire, sur la surveillance pendant la grossesse et les issues périnatales.Méthodes et population : Les données ont été extraites des Enquêtes Périnatales Nationales (ENP) en 1972, 1981, 1995, 1998, 2003, 2010 et 2016 et des données du recensement Une comparaison de l’activité professionnelle des femmes enceintes et de la population générale des femmes en France métropolitaine en fonction de l’âge et du niveau d’études, a été effectuée. Une modélisation de l’activité professionnelle pendant la grossesse en fonction des caractéristiques sociodémographiques, de la période entre 1972 et 2016 et de la génération de naissance, a été réalisée. Une analyse des femmes qui travaillaient pendant la grossesse en 2010 et en 2016 a été menée pour déterminer les moments de l’arrêt de l’activité professionnelle au cours de la grossesse, selon la situation médicale et la position sociale des femmes, en s’intéressant à l’arrêt précoce, avant 24 semaines d’aménorrhée (SA), et à l’arrêt tardif, après 36 SA révolues. Une analyse entre 1995 et 2016 a permis de décrire la surveillance prénatale et les issues périnatales en fonction du statut d'emploi des femmes et de leur partenaire pendant la grossesse.Résultats : Comme dans la population générale, le taux d’emploi des femmes enceintes a augmenté régulièrement entre 1972 et 2016, de 53 à 74 %. En 2016, 32 % des femmes qui travaillent pendant la grossesse se sont arrêtées avant 24 SA, et 2 % après 37 SA. Il existe des inégalités sociales autour des arrêts de l’activité professionnelle: les femmes ayant les situations sociales les plus défavorables s’arrêtent précocement pendant leur grossesse, alors que les femmes qui s’arrêtent tardivement ont des situations socioprofessionnelles plus favorisées, quelle que soit leur situation médicale. Entre 1995 et 2016, les différences selon la position sociale des femmes enceintes observées pour la surveillance prénatale et les issues périnatales se réduisent mais persistent.Conclusion : Les transformations majeures du rapport à l’emploi des femmes au cours des dernières décennies peuvent modifier les pratiques des soignants prenant en charge les femmes enceintes. La majorité des femmes enceintes sont des femmes en emploi rémunéré et la discussion de l’arrêt de l’activité professionnelle au cours de la grossesse doit s’évaluer au regard de la situation médicale mais aussi de la situation sociale et professionnelle. Une attention particulière doit être portée aux femmes plus défavorisées, soit au chômage ou sans activité professionnelle déclarée, soit ayant une situation précaire dans l’emploi, car ces femmes ont une initiation des soins plus tardive et des issues périnatales plus défavorables que les femmes qui travaillent avec une position sociale plus favorisée. / Background and objectives: The occupational activity rate of women is steadily increasing since the 1970s, and women are more and more often in employment when they are in childbearing age. The main purpose of this work is to describe and understand the links between occupational activity and pregnancy. First, by comparing employment rates according to whether women are pregnant or belong to the female general population. In a second step, by observing how their occupational group and status is linked to the timing of prenatal leave. Finally, the third part analyzes the impact of the social position, defined by the employment status of women and taking into account their couple status and the employment of the partner, on the antenatal care and perinatal outcomes.Methods and population: The data were extracted from the French National Perinatal Surveys of 1972, 1981, 1995, 1998, 2003, 2010 and 2016 and the Census. A comparison of the employment rate of pregnant women and the general population of women in continental France, by age and level of education, was carried out. A modelization of the employment rate of women during pregnancy was realized according to the socio-demographic characteristics, the survey period from 1972 to 2016, and the birth generation. An analysis of women working during pregnancy in 2010 and 2016 was conducted to determine the time of prenatal leave, according to the medical situation and the social position of women, focused on early leave, before 24 weeks of gestation (WG), and late leave, after 36 WG. For the period 1995 to 2016, prenatal care and perinatal outcomes were analyzed according to the employment status of women, taking into account their couple situation and partner’s employment.Results: As in the general population, rate of occupational activity of pregnant women shown a steadily increasing, between 1972 and 2016, from 53% to 74%. In 2016, 32% of women working during pregnancy leave their job before 24 WG, and 2% after 37 WG. Social inequalities exists around maternity leave: women with the most unfavorable social situations stop early, while self-employed women and those with more favorable social and occupational situations leave late, even after stratification for the medical situation. From 1995 to 2016, the differences in antenatal care and perinatal outcomes according to the social position of pregnant women are always observed despite a reduction.Conclusion: The major changes in the relationship to women's occupational activity in recent decades may change the practices of caregivers for pregnant women. A majority of pregnant women had a paid job and the date of prenatal leave should be discussed in relation to the medical situation but also considering the social and occupational status. Special attention should be given to the most disadvantaged women, either unemployed or without a legal job, or having a precarious occupational situation, since these women have a later initiation of care and more unfavorable perinatal outcomes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:57:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Flavia.pdf: 2422957 bytes, checksum: 154ed0f24057ef8d8b3c228693a455d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-06-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The aim of this study was investigate the occupational activity as creating of suffering and illness of four teachers that work in the second level of elementary education of governmental school in São Paulo city. The study of professional activity, specifically its structure, the conditions find by the teachers to executed the activity the relation of this activity with the teachers psychological development (if this was the main way which this professionals related with the reality the leading activity) and the types and mechanisms of alienation existents in and for individual directed this research, oriented by the Marxist theorical-methodological fundaments and Socio-historical psychology. The investigation reveal that the inadequacy and alienated conditions find by the teacher to executed your activity were causing illness related, mainly, with the professionals emotions and sentiments (stress, labyrinthitis, depression) also producing other ill, as was the case of two teachers. There were too the aggravation of pre-existents ills (migraine and respiratory problems) due to professional exercise in one of investigated teacher, and in another, the appearance of a ill typically occupational, knowledge by the abbreviature in Portuguese LER (lesion by repetitive effort), which provoke psychological suffering. The kind of relationship which these professionals had with the reality, mediated by alienation, were irradiated by various spheres of life. This occurs because the occupational activity was for them the main way of relationship with the reality. Its also realized detachment between the meanings of education (knowledge facilitator) and the senses (constituted mainly by affective-volitive aspects) that this education had to the investigated teachers. This fact propitiated [give?] to them intensive psychic suffering, that, in some cases, had physical manifestation, like stomachaches and physical and mental wearing / O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a atividade ocupacional geradora de sofrimento e adoecimento a partir de quatro professores da rede pública do município de São Paulo, atuantes no nível dois da educação fundamental. O estudo da atividade profissional, especificamente a sua estrutura, as condições encontradas pelos docentes para executá-la, a relação desta com o desenvolvimento psicológico dos professores (se esta era a principal forma desses profissionais se relacionarem com a realidade a atividade principal) e os tipos e mecanismos de alienação existentes no e para o indivíduo, nortearam essa pesquisa, orientada pelos fundamentados teórico-metodológicos do marxismo e da psicologia sócio-histórica. A investigação revelou que as condições inadequadas e alienadoras encontradas pelos professores para executar sua atividade estavam ocasionando adoecimentos relacionados, principalmente, com as emoções e sentimentos desses profissionais (stress, labirintite, depressão) gerando também outras doenças, como foi o caso de dois professores. Houve também o agravamento de doenças pré-existentes (enxaqueca e problemas respiratórios) devido ao exercício profissional em um dos professores investigados, e em outro, o surgimento de uma doença tipicamente ocupacional, a LER (Lesões por Esforços Repetitivos), que causava sofrimento psicológico. O tipo de relação que esses profissionais tinham com a realidade, mediada pela alienação, irradiou por várias esferas da vida. Isso porque a atividade ocupacional era para eles, a principal forma de se relacionarem com a realidade. Percebeu-se também distanciamentos entre os significados da educação (facilitador do conhecimento) e os sentidos (constituído principalmente por aspectos afetivo-volitivos) que esta tinha para os professores estudados (transmitir conhecimento), e esse fato propiciava a eles intenso sofrimento psíquico, que, em alguns casos, se manifestava fisicamente, como em dores estomacais e desgaste físico e mental