Bakgrund: Forskning visar att personer som är inneliggande på psykiatrisk heldygnsvård ofta upplever en brist på aktiviteter. Tillgången till aktiviteter är en viktig del för människans välbefinnande och skapar förutsättningar för att kunna vara delaktig i samhället. Syfte: Att beskriva arbetsterapeuters upplevelser om behovet av att använda aktiviteter inom psykiatrisk heldygnsvård, och vid behov; vilken typ av aktiviteter? Metod: En kvalitativ, fenomenologisk ansats användes. Urvalet skedde på flera sätt - både avsiktligt och maximalt varierat, samtidigt med snöbollsurval. Den transkriberade datan bearbetades och en kvalitativ innehållsanalys utfördes, vilket resulterade i tre huvudkategorier och tio underkategorier. Resultat: Totalt tio informanter deltog i studien och resultatet utmynnade i huvudkategorierna Aktiviteters betydelse, Aktivitetsanvändning och Resurser. Det ansågs finnas ett behov av aktiviteter inom den psykiatriska heldygnsvården. Aktiviteterna upplevs minska psykiatriska symtom och förkorta rehabiliteringsprocessen. Det är viktigt att aktiviteterna upplevs meningsfulla för patienterna. Arbetsterapeuterna upplever ofta att det är svårt att få tiden att räcka till i deras yrkesroll vilket påverkat möjligheterna till att använda aktiviteter i behandlande syfte. Slutsatser: Tillgången till aktiviteter är viktigt även inom psykiatrisk heldygnsvård, då aktiviteter har en betydande roll i rehabiliteringsprocessen. / Background: Research shows that psychiatric inpatients often experience a lack of activities. To have access to activities is important since it enhances well-being and creates conditions for participation in the society. Purpose: To describe occupational therapists experiences about the need to use activities in psychiatric inpatient care, and if needed; which type of activities? Method: A qualitative, phenomenological approach was used. The sample was conducted in several ways - purposive and maximal variety, together with snowballing. The transcribed collected data was analyzed, and a qualitative content analysis was performed, which resulted in three main categories and ten sub categories. Results: Ten informants participated in the study and the results culminated in the main categories “The meaning of activities”, “Activity usage” and “Resources”. It was considered there is a need of activities in psychiatric inpatient care. Activities were perceived to reduce psychiatric symptoms and to shorten the rehabilitation process. It is however important that the activities are meaningful for the patients. The experience often is that there is a lack of time in their professional role which has affected the possibilities to use activities in treatment purposes. Conclusions: To have access to activities is important in psychiatric inpatient care, since activities has a meaningful role in the rehabilitation process.

Att vara berövad sin frihet och sina valmöjligheter kan få stora konsekvenser i en individs hälsa och livssituation. Intagna riskerar att, efter avtjänat straff, släppas ut i samhället med begränsad förmåga att fungera självständigt, försämrat hälsotillstånd och med hög återfallsrisk. Ett aktivitetsvetenskapligt perspektiv är användbart för att förstå och utveckla interventioner som syftar till att upprätthålla och utveckla förmågor i det dagliga livet och utvecklandet av roller för att stödja framgångsrik återgång i samhället. Syftet med studien var att beskriva arbetsterapeutiska insatser och dess betydelse för intagna på straffrättsliga institutioner. En litteraturöversikt valdes och sökningar genomfördes i databaserna Web of Science, Cinahl, PubMed, Amed, Socindex och Academic Search Elite. Sju artiklar inkluderades för kvalitetsgranskning och analys. Resultatet visade en variation av interventioner där fokus låg på den generella livssituation de intagna befann sig i alternativt aktuell målgrupps specifika problematik. Gemensamt, inom samtliga instanser, var behovet av att öva upp sociala och kommunikativa förmågor. Viktiga betydelser som framkom var att intagna hade möjlighet till visst självbestämmande och att aktiviteter hade ett tydligt syfte för att upplevas som meningsfulla och terapeutiska. Studien visade att trots restriktioner till följd av säkerhetsaspekter, är det möjligt att genomföra klientcentrerade interventioner som har en positiv inverkan på intagnas hälsa, beteenden, självkänsla och utförandekapacitet. Arbetsterapeuten har en viktig roll i det rehabiliterande arbetet för att motverka kriminellt beteende och erbjuda redskap som underlättar övergången till samhället och minskar risken för återfall.

This qualitative modified participatory study underpinned by social critical theory explored the experiences of immigrant medical practitioners seeking registration in New Zealand. The occupational science notions of occupation, occupational deprivation and occupational apartheid were used to understand the experiences of the participants. The objective of the study was to understand the experiences of the participants and facilitate their self-empowerment through facilitated dialogue, affording them opportunities for collective action. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with eighteen immigrant medical practitioners who were doctors and dentists as well as two physiotherapists. The two physiotherapists were sampled out of necessity to explore diversity in findings. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. This method included the processes of coding data into themes and then collapsing themes into major themes which were organised under categories. Four categories were created in the findings describing the experiences of immigrant practitioners and suggesting solutions. Firstly; findings revealed that immigrant medical practitioners had a potential worth being utilised in New Zealand. Secondly; it was found that these participants faced negative and disabling experiences in the process of being registered. Thirdly; the emotional consequences of the negative experiences were described in the study. Fourthly; there were collectively suggested solutions where the participants felt that their problems could be alleviated by support systems modelled in other Western English speaking countries that have hosted high numbers of immigrant medical practitioners from non-English speaking countries. This collective action was consistent with the emancipatory intent of participatory research informed by social critical theory. This study resulted in drawing conclusions about the implications of the participants’ experiences to well-being, occupational satisfaction as well as diverse workforce development initiatives. This study is also significant in policy making as it spelt out the specific problems faced by participants and made recommendations on what can be done to effectively utilise and benefit from the skills of immigrant medical practitioners. A multi-agency approach involving key stakeholders from the government departments, regulatory authorities, medical schools and immigrant practitioners themselves is suggested as a possible approach to solving the problems faced by these practitioners.

This qualitative modified participatory study underpinned by social critical theory explored the experiences of immigrant medical practitioners seeking registration in New Zealand. The occupational science notions of occupation, occupational deprivation and occupational apartheid were used to understand the experiences of the participants. The objective of the study was to understand the experiences of the participants and facilitate their self-empowerment through facilitated dialogue, affording them opportunities for collective action. Data was obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with eighteen immigrant medical practitioners who were doctors and dentists as well as two physiotherapists. The two physiotherapists were sampled out of necessity to explore diversity in findings. Transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. This method included the processes of coding data into themes and then collapsing themes into major themes which were organised under categories. Four categories were created in the findings describing the experiences of immigrant practitioners and suggesting solutions. Firstly; findings revealed that immigrant medical practitioners had a potential worth being utilised in New Zealand. Secondly; it was found that these participants faced negative and disabling experiences in the process of being registered. Thirdly; the emotional consequences of the negative experiences were described in the study. Fourthly; there were collectively suggested solutions where the participants felt that their problems could be alleviated by support systems modelled in other Western English speaking countries that have hosted high numbers of immigrant medical practitioners from non-English speaking countries. This collective action was consistent with the emancipatory intent of participatory research informed by social critical theory. This study resulted in drawing conclusions about the implications of the participants’ experiences to well-being, occupational satisfaction as well as diverse workforce development initiatives. This study is also significant in policy making as it spelt out the specific problems faced by participants and made recommendations on what can be done to effectively utilise and benefit from the skills of immigrant medical practitioners. A multi-agency approach involving key stakeholders from the government departments, regulatory authorities, medical schools and immigrant practitioners themselves is suggested as a possible approach to solving the problems faced by these practitioners.

This qualitative study explored and described the lived experience of people with brain injuries with regard to resuming their worker roles. Based on the results, an occupational therapy practice model to facilitate return to work was developed. The theoretical framework of occupational science with emphasis on occupational risk factors informed the study. The research design was a theory generative design based on a qualitative, phenomenological, explorative and descriptive research approach utilizing the methods of theory generation as advocated by Chinn and Kramer (1999), Walker and Avant (2005) and Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach (1968).

This qualitative study explored and described the lived experience of people with brain injuries with regard to resuming their worker roles. Based on the results, an occupational therapy practice model to facilitate return to work was developed. The theoretical framework of occupational science with emphasis on occupational risk factors informed the study. The research design was a theory generative design based on a qualitative, phenomenological, explorative and descriptive research approach utilizing the methods of theory generation as advocated by Chinn and Kramer (1999), Walker and Avant (2005) and Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach (1968).

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / This qualitative study explored and described the lived experience of people with brain injuries with regard to resuming their worker roles. Based on the results, an occupational therapy practice model to facilitate return to work was developed. The theoretical framework of occupational science with emphasis on occupational risk factors informed the study. The research design was a theory generative design based on a qualitative, phenomenological, explorative and descriptive research approach utilizing the methods of theory generation as advocated by Chinn and Kramer (1999), Walker and Avant (2005) and Dickoff, James and Wiedenbach (1968). / South Africa

Introduktion: År 2022 befann sig minst 100 miljoner människor på flykt. Asylsökande och flyktingar som tvingats fly har många gånger utsatts för traumatiska händelser. Flykten innebär stora livomställningar som påverkar individens aktivitet, identitet, känsla av kompetens samt hälsa och välbefinnande. Syfte: Beskriva aktivitet och delaktighet i vardagen hos asylsökande och flyktingar. Metod: Scoping review användes för att besvara syftet. Datainsamling gjordes genom litteratursökning i databaser samt genom manuell sökning. Sökord som användes var refugee or refugees or asylum seeker or asylum seekers or forced migrant or forced migrants or displaced, occupational participation or occupational engagement or participation, activity or occupation. Inklusionskriterier var artiklar på svenska och engelska, publicerade 2010 – 2023. Grå litteratur och andra litteraturstudier exkluderades. Totalt inkluderades 17 artiklar. Resultat: Studien resulterade i två huvudkategorier: Asylsökande och flyktingars aktivitetsidentitet och Kontexters betydelse för aktivitet och delaktighet. Ett genomgående tema i studien framkom: Ovisshet inför framtiden. Resultatet indikerar på att asylsökande och flyktingar utsätts för aktivitetsberövning, aktivitetsobalans och förändringar i individens aktivitetsidentitet samt aktivitetsförmåga. Individens aktivitet och delaktighet påverkas av kontextuella faktorer. Slutsats: Asylsökande och flyktingar begränsas i sin aktivitet och delaktighet i vardagen. Resultatet indikerar på att delaktighet i och möjlighet till meningsfulla och nödvändiga aktiviteter är av betydelse för hälsa och välbefinnande. / Introduction: Year 2022, around 100 million people were estimated to be on the run. Asylum seekers and refugees who are forced to flee their home country may have been exposed to traumatic events. The flights results in lifestyle changes that affect the individual’s activity, identity, sense of capacity, health and well-being.  Aim: Describe activity and participation in everyday life of asylum seekers and refugees. Method: A scoping review was used. Data collection was carried out through literature search in databases and by manual search. Keywords used were refugee or refugees or asylum seeker or asylum seekers or forced migrant or forced migrants or displaced, occupational participation or occupational engagement or participation, activity or occupation. Inclusion criteria were articles in Swedish and English, published 2010 – 2023. Grey literature and other literature reviews were excluded. A total of 17 articles were included. Results: The study resulted in two main categories: Asylum seekers and refugees activity identity and The importance of contexts for activity and participation. An overarching theme emerged: Uncertainty about the future. The results indicate that asylum seekers and refugees are exposed to activity deprivation, activity imbalance and changes in the individual’s activity identity and ability. The individual’s activity and participation are influenced by contextual factors. Conclusions: Asylum seekers and refugees are limited in their activity and participation in everyday life. The result indicates that participation in and opportunity to meaningful and necessary activities is important for health and well-being.