Specifically, this study is about the effects of culture, organisational culture and postmodernism on the Olympic Games and the perceptions of Australian Olympic athletes, both past and present and their understanding of the culture of the Olympic Games. The focus of this research examines the culture of the Olympic Games and provides insights into the background of the Games from Australian athlete's perspective. The study explores this theme further in order to understand those areas of culture which Australian athletes rarely get the opportunity to talk about and thereby offers the occasion to open new avenues for research into the culture of organisations, such as the International Olympic Committee. Furthermore, the thesis probes into the culture of the Olympic Games using the theoretical structures of Organisational Culture and Postmodernism to provide a better understanding and knowledge base for the discipline. Also, the research reports upon the athlete's perspectives in the light of the two previous theoretical structures. In spite of these previous points, little is known regarding the cultural aspects of the Olympic Games and even less is known of the culture of the Olympic Games from the athletes' perspective. Participants in an Olympic Games - athletes, officials, dignitaries, press, technicians and support personnel all experience the cultural mix of individuals at the Games first hand. However, it would certainly be of importance to understand how athletes communicate and relate to each other and how all participants within the Olympic Games organisation relate and communicate with each other. However, there is a need to acknowledge that politics exists within the Olympic Games and that its existence should be brought out of the background and placed on the agenda so that political action within the Games can be avoided in order that they might function more effectively and at a higher standard. A knowledge of culture and politics and the pitfalls and problems associated with change in the Olympic Games would support the building between individual athletes rather than allow conflict and competition to occur. This implies that, if individuals can work together without having to consider politics, then the system will benefit.

Melbourne is making a concerted bid to obtain the centenary 1996 Olympic Games. While much of its bid is occupied with explanations of the city’s ability to meet the International Olympic Committee’s (IOC) requirements, it is underpinned by a common theme that the city possesses a unique quality of “Friendliness”. (For complete abstract open document)

Η παρούσα εργασία χωρίζεται σε δέκα κεφάλαια. Αρχικά, αναλύονται οι χωρικές και αναπτυξιακές επιπτώσεις του προγράμματος ‘Ελλάδα 2004’. Έπειτα, αναφέρονται οι επιπτώσεις των έργων του Γ’ ΚΠΣ στη διοργάνωση των αγώνων και περιγράφεται περιληπτικά ο ελληνικός τουρισμός στην αρχή του νέου αιώνα. Στο κεφάλαιο 4 γίνεται πλήρης αναφορά στον τουρισμό πριν- κατά τη διάρκεια κ μετά τη λήξη των ΟΑ 2004. Στο κεφάλαιο 5 περιγράφεται η οικονομία, ομοίως. Στη συνέχεια, αναφέρονται αναλυτικά τα οφέλη από τη διεξαγωγή των ΟΑ Αθήνα 2004, όπως επίσης και κάποιες εκτιμήσεις –θετικές κ αρνητικές-. Το κεφάλαιο 8 αναφέρεται συγκεκριμένα στις επιπτώσεις των αγώνων στην Αθήνα. Έπειτα, γίνονται κάποια σχόλια και παρατηρήσεις όσον αφορά την περίοδο μετά το πέρας των ΟΑ και στο δέκατο κεφάλαιο, αναφέρονται μερικές στρατηγικές για την ίδια περίοδο. Τέλος, παρατίθεται ένα παράρτημα αναφορικά με τον τουρισμό και την περιφερειακή ανάπτυξη από το Σύνδεσμο Ελλήνων Περιφερειολόγων. / This subject refers to the Olympic Games Athens 2004 and it is divided in ten units. There is a description of the Greek tourism at the beginning of the new century. Furthermore, at unit four there is an analysis about tourism at the period of the games 2004. Also, at the next unit is analyzed the economy of the same period and all the effects. Moreover, all the benefits for our country of the Olympic Games Athens 2004 are described next. Also, at unit 8 all the benefits, for the city of Athens, are described. At last, some comments and strategies are referred.

O Brasil conquistou 38 medalhas no judô de 1956 a 2010 em campeonatos mundiais (CM) e de 1964-2008 em Jogos Olímpicos (JO). Estas medalhas estão divididas entre 23 atletas. Sete deles conquistaram medalhas em JO e CM. Aurélio Miguel (1988-1996), Tiago Camilo (2000-2008) e Leandro Guilheiro (2004-2008), se destacam com duas medalhas em JO e em CM. O objetivo deste estudo é elaborar uma genealogia do judô brasileiro e compreender a dimensão da influência da imigração japonesa neste contexto. Este estudo utilizou a metodologia de História Oral de Vida Híbrida. Foram entrevistados os medalhistas brasileiros em JO e CM até 2010 e os seus respectivos professores. Analisando as entrevistas identifiquei os ascendentes judoísticos dos atletas, até a determinação dos seus respectivos genearcas. Assumiu-se que genearca é aquele que chegou ao Brasil com conhecimentos suficientes para ministrar aulas de judô/jiu-jitsu. A maioria dos genearcas do judô brasileiro são imigrantes japoneses. Fogem a essa regra o sensei Georges Mehdi, naturalizado brasileiro e o sensei João Graf Vassoux. Mitsuyo Maeda foi o primeiro a chegar e fazer demonstrações de judô no Brasil, em 1914. Em 1936 Ryuzo Ogawa fundou a Budokan. Ele é o genearca que influenciou o maior número destes atletas. Antes da Segunda Guerra Mundial (SGM) verifiquei a importância do trabalho de Yassuishi Ono, Sobei Tani, e Katsutoshi Naito, em SP, Sadai Ishihara no Paraná, Soishiro Satake em Manaus e Takeo Yano em vários estados. Após a SGM identifiquei a influência de Chiaki Ishii, Shuhei Okano e Ikuo Onodera em SP, Teruo Obata e Naoshige Ushijima no RS e Michio Ninomiya no DF. O surgimento e a expansão do judô no Brasil está diretamente relacionado ao processo de imigração japonesa. Encontrei dois perfis de professores: os formadores e os treinadores. Destacam-se os professores: Massao Shinohara, Paulo Duarte, Orlando Hirakawa e Uichiro Umakakeba, formadores de nove judocas que conquistaram 18 das 38 medalhas brasileiras da história. Como treinador, destaca-se Floriano de Almeida que influenciou a carreira de sete medalhistas. Os locais de formação são distintos daqueles onde os atletas alcançaram as suas melhores performances. Entre os dojos formadores destaco as associações de judô: Vila Sônia, Hirakawa e Paulo Duarte. / Brazil won 38 medals at world championships (WC) from 1956 to 2010 and at Olympic Games (OG) from 1964 to 2008. Twenty three Brazilian athletes won those medals. Seven won medals on OG and WC. Aurélio Miguel (1988-1996), Tiago Camilo (2000-2008) and Leandro Guilheiro (2004-2008), won two medals at OG and at WC. This study searched for the judo roots from those athletes using oral histories of life as a methodology. All the 23 athletes, that won medals at WC and/or OG until 2010 were interviewed as well as their coaches. The objective was to find the ‘genearc’ from each athlete. Genearc is the sensei which had knowledge to teach judo/jiu-jitsu when they arrived in Brazil. Most of those genearcs are Japanese immigrants, but we find two “gaijins” among them, sensei Georges Mehdi, who came from France, and one Brazilian, sensei João Graf Vassoux. The first immigrants arrived in 1908 and Mitsuyo Maeda was the first fighter to show jiu-jitsu/judo in Brazil, in 1914. Ryuzo Ogawa, who created the Budokan in 1936, is the genearc who had influence over most of those athletes. The Japanese play a very important role in the development of Brazilian judo. The teachers have two different profiles, professors or coaches. The judo clubs are also identified as places to begin and grow or place to train and win. Four professors were very important during this period, Massao Shinohara, Paulo Duarte, Orlando Hirakawa and Uichiro Umakakeba. They taught nine athletes which won 18 from 38 Brazilian medals. As a coach Floriano Almeida had great influence over seven Brazilian medalists. Before the II War Yassuishi Ono, Sobei Tani, Ryuzo Ogawa and Katsutoshi Naito were the most important names, in São Paulo; Sadai Ishihara, in Paraná; Ghengo Katayama and Yoshimasa Nagashima in Rio de Janeiro, Soishiro Satake, in Manaus and Takeo Yano in several places. After the II War, Chiaki Ishii, Shuhei Okano and Ikuo Onodera were important names in São Paulo, Teruo Obata and Naoshige Ushijima in Porto Alegre and Michio Ninomiya in Brasília. The following dojos: Vila Sônia, Hirakawa and Paulo Duarte were the places which prepare more judo medalists from the beginning to the highest level.

Este trabalho consiste na investigação das representações da cidade do Rio de Janeiro no jornal O Globo durante o processo de escolha da sede dos Jogos Olímpicos 2016, entre os anos de 2008 e 2009. Observa-se que a cidade é objeto de diferentes discursos como o jornalístico. Considera-se que os megaeventos esportivos são um tipo de espetáculo nas grandes cidades e configuram, assim, espaços urbanos atrativos. Neste sentido, procura-se compreender como um dos principais jornais do Rio articula ideias e gera representações sobre a cidade em suas reportagens. Para analisar o processo de comunicação no jornal, utiliza-se o referencial teórico da construção social da realidade e, para a investigação das reportagens que abordam a candidatura do Rio para sediar os Jogos Olímpicos, utiliza-se o método da análise de conteúdo. O estudo revela que a representação da cidade do Rio, neste período analisado, demarca o rompimento de antigas crenças sobre este lugar. Desta forma, as reportagens reforçam a ideia de uma cidade do futuro, transformada, com novos espaços: uma cidade global. / This paper aims to investigate the representations of the city of Rio de Janeiro in the newspaper O Globo during the process of choosing the home of the Olympic Games 2016, between the years of 2008 and 2009. It is observed that the city is the object of different speeches with the media. The sport mega-events are a kind of show in the big cities and configurate, this way, attractive urban spaces. This way, it is tried to understand how one of the main newspapers of Rio articulates ideas and generates representations about the city in its articles. To analyse the process of communication in the newspaper, the theorical referential of the social construction of reality is used, and for investigating the articles that approach the application of Rio to host the Olympic Games, the method of content analysis is used.

Title: The Environmental aspects of the Olympic Games Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to explore the importace of environment within the Olympic Games. The organizational solutions summary defines the formal requirements, the real efficiency of this effort is tracked and crucial factors that influence current situation are identified. Methods: The qualitative research was based on the strategic documents content analysis. These findings are enriched by controlled interviews with members of Czech Olympic Movement. Results: The results clarify the background of environmental activities related to the Olympic Games procedures. Theoretical approach is interlinked with real outcomes which indicate to what extend is this issue taken into consideration at the sport event. Keywords: Qualitative research, environment, International Olympic C

viii, 89 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / The Olympics games are not only a sport but also a media event. In 2008, China hosted the Olympics Games for the first time. The coverage of the Beijing Olympics Games in the Chinese media can reflect the characteristics of media and societal development in today's China. The study examines qualitatively the use of frames in coverage of the Beijing Olympics Games in 11 dailies and 2 weeklies in China. Four new issue-specific frames are found in the Chinese newspapers. The use of the existing six generic and five issue-specific frames are discussed in the Chinese context. The study finds that the Chinese media get more freedom in some areas that do not have direct links with politics. In the areas related to politics, the government is still controlling the media. / Committee in Charge: Patricia Curtin, Chair; John Russial H. Leslie Steeves

Os Jogos Olímpicos da Era Moderna são eventos quadrienais com origem na Grécia Antiga, onde os registros datam aproximadamente 776 a.C. No final do século XIX, os Jogos Olímpicos foram recriados pelo barão francês Pierre de Coubertin, sendo a primeira edição datada de 1896. Desde então, os Jogos Olímpicos, conquistaram relevância no cenário mundial, com um número cada vez maior de países participando. O Brasil enviou uma representação de atletas pela primeira vez nos Jogos Olímpicos de 1920 realizados na Antuérpia (Bélgica). Nesta delegação já havia atletas de clubes sul-rio-grandenses, que inclusive conquistaram medalhas olímpicas para o país. Nas edições seguintes dos Jogos, nas quais o Brasil participou, além de atletas oriundos dos estados de São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro havia atletas sul-rio-grandenses na delegação, mas em menor número. Tendo em vista que não existem atletas sul-rio-grandenses vivos que participaram de edições dos Jogos Olímpicos anteriores a 1960 e com a intenção de privilegiar a História Oral da participação dos atletas, a pesquisa tem marco inicial as edições dos Jogos Olímpicos da década de 1960. O recorte temporal final é o ano de 1972, pois até esta data o Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro não tinha sua atuação normatizada, embora sua fundação seja datada do ano de 1935. Considera-se que com a promulgação da Lei nº 6.251, de 8 de outubro de 1975, regulamentada pelo Decreto nº 80.228 de 25 de agosto de 1977, a atuação Comitê Olímpico Brasileiro assume outros contornos, os quais são evidenciados na participação brasileira nas próximas edições dos Jogos Olímpicos. Tendo em vista este contexto apresentamos a questão norteadora deste estudo: como ocorreu a participação de atletas olímpicos dos clubes sul-riograndenses nos Jogos Olímpicos de Verão no período compreendido entre os anos de 1960 a 1972? Além das fontes orais, para a realização desta pesquisa utilizaramse fontes impressas, tais como a Revista do Globo, os Jornais “A Federação”, “Correio do Povo”, “Correio da Manhã”, “Jornal do Brasil”, “O PAIZ”, o Atlas do Esporte no Brasil e o Atlas do Esporte no Rio Grande do Sul. As fontes revelaram que vários atletas sul-rio-grandenses almejaram participar dos Jogos Olímpicos, mesmo sabendo das dificuldades como falta de recursos, estrutura e apoio governamental, principalmente nas primeiras décadas do século XX. Os atletas sulrio- grandenses participaram de diversas modalidades nos Jogos Olímpicos entre elas: Tiro Esportivo, Lançamento de Dardo, Remo, Vela, Pentatlo Moderno, Basquetebol, Voleibol, Natação e Futebol. Tais esportes eram promovidos pelos clubes sul-rio-grandenses, sendo algumas destas práticas iniciadas na segunda metade do século XIX. Embora os atletas olímpicos sul-rio-grandenses tenham obtido títulos de campeões estaduais, brasileiros e sul-americanos, não conseguiram o mesmo êxito nos Jogos Olímpicos. Talvez por isso, as publicações acadêmicas, em geral, abordam a participação dos atletas medalhistas nos Jogos Olímpicos. No que se refere aos atletas que não ascenderam ao pódio nos Jogos Olímpicos, os jornais dedicaram pouco espaço. Além disso, tanto os jornais quanto as outras fontes históricas consultadas, quando apresentam registros sobre os atletas olímpicos, divergem nas informações quanto aos nomes dos atletas sul-riograndenses e os resultados nas competições. Por fim, o presente estudo buscou contribuir reunindo informações sobre a vida esportiva dos atletas sul-riograndenses, com o intuito de refazer o caminho trilhado pelos mesmos até a sua participação nos Jogos olímpicos. / The Olympic Games of the Modern Age are quadrennial events with origin in Old Greece, where the registers date 776 a.C. approximately. In the end of century XIX, the games had been recreated by the French Baron Pierre de Coubertin and, the first edition in 1896. Since this date, the Olympic Games had cultivated relevance in the world-wide scene, with a number each bigger time of countries participating. Brazil sent a representation of athlete for the first time in Olympic Games of 1920, the carried through in the Antwerp (Belgium). In this delegation already it had athletes from Southern Brazil, from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, who had also conquered Olympic medals for the country. In next editions of Games, in which Brazil participated, as well as athletes from states of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, there were athletes from the state Rio Grande do Sul in delegation, but in number less. Considering there weren’t athletes, from Rio Grande do Sul, living who participated in previous editions of the Olympic Games of 1960 and with intention of emphasizing the oral history of participation of athletes, this research start point of the Olympic Games of the decade in 1960. The end of time cut is the year of 1972, because until this date the Brazilian Olympic Committe didn’t have its operations normalized, although its foundation is dated in the year of 1935. Considering the promulgation of Law number 6.251, of October 8, 1975, regulated for the Decree number 80.228 of August 25, 1977, the actuation of the Brazilian Olympic Committee assumes other contours, which are disclosed in the Brazilian participation in future editions of the Olympic Games. Considering this contest, we presented the question of research this study: how occurred the participation of olympic athletes of clubs from Rio Grande do Sul in the Olympic Games in the period between the years of 1960 and 1972? Beyond the oral sources, for the accomplishment of this research had been used printed sources, such as the Revista do Globo and newspapers: “A Federação”, “Correio do Povo”, “Correio da Manhã”, “Jornal do Brasil” and “O PAIZ”, beyond of Atlas of Sport In Brazil and Atlas of Sport in Rio Grande do Sul. The sources had disclosed that some athletes from Rio Grande do Sul longed for to participate of the Olympic Games, knowing of the difficulties exactly as lack of resources, structure and governmental support, mainly in the first decades of century XX. The athletes from Rio Grande do Sul participated in several modalities in Olympic Games, between them: Shooting, Javelin Throw, Rowing, Sailing, Modern Pentathlon Swimming, Basketball, Volleyball and Soccer. Such sports were promoted by the clubs in Rio Grande do Sul, being some of these practical initiates in the second half of century XIX. Although the Olympic athletes from Rio Grande do Sul have gotten headings of state champions, Brazilian and South American, they had not obtained success in the Olympic Games. Perhaps, that is why, the academic publications, in general; only focus in participation of Olympic Games medalist athletes. As for the athletes who had not ascended to the podium in the Olympic Games, the newspaper had dedicated to little space. Moreover, as much the newspapers as the other historical sources, when they present registers on the Olympic athletes diverge in the information as the names of the athletes from Rio Grande do Sul and the results in the competitions. Finally, the present study searched to contribute congregating information on the sportive life of the athletes from Rio Grande do Sul, with intention to remake the way trod for the same ones until its participation in the Olympic Games.

This Diploma Thesis deal with the age of the top performance of athletes and its development in the World Championships, the Europe Championships and Olympic Games in the 1970 {--} 2007 period. Essential source for this Diploma Thesis was existing data of the birth of athletes, who took medal positions in the competitions. Microsoft Excel was used for processing and evaluating the resulting data. The final output is represented by a series of clearly arranged synoptic tables and charts in which would clearly manifests the progress of the age structure of athletes in the process of reaching the maximal achievements. The results of this research can serve not only for the statistic purposes but mainly for assisting the sport trainers with building their training units.

The aim of this study was to examine how the two largest sports tabloids, Aftonbladet and Expressen, in Sweden represented the male and female Swedish athletes during the Olympic games in Pyeongchang 2018. Furthermore, the study examined how many male and female journalists covered the sport sections during the event and whether or not there were any differences between the tabloids. With agenda setting theory and hegemonic masculinity as our theoretical framework we conducted a quantitative content analysis on every news article revolving Swedish Olympic athletes during the Olympic period. The results showed no significant difference between male and female athletes regarding the amount of coverage in the tabloids. However, other findings were made and showed that female athletes more often got associated with their families and partners while male athletes were associated with their coaches. The study also showed that the majority of journalists reporting from the Olympic games were male.