Darbe tyrinėti sakytiniu būdu ir populiarių leidinėlių pavidalu plintantys sapnų aiškinimai, teiginiai apie sapnų pildymąsi ir individualūs pasakojimai apie sapnus. Analizuoti sapnai, kurių vaizdai suprantami perkeltine prasme ir reikalauja aiškinimo. Išsikeltas tikslas – remiantis archyviniais, paskelbtais spaudoje ir autorės surinktais duomenimis ištirti tekstų apie sapnus savitumus bei atskleisti žmonių požiūrį į sapnus ir jų interpretavimą. Buvo nustatyta, kad sapnų aiškinimai priskirtini tikėjimų kategorijai. Sapno vaizdas su konkrečiomis reikšmėmis siejamas analogijos, priešpriešos, tapatumo, žodžių panašumo principais. Žmonės išskiria konkrečius regėtus objektus iš viso sapno ir juos aiškina: 1) atpažįsta tam tikroje kultūros aplinkoje pripažintus sapnų vaizdus, kuriems yra priskirti konkretūs mitiniai įprasminimai, 2) regėtus vaizdus susieja su kokiu nors numatomu arba jau buvusiu įvykiu remdamiesi intuicija ir / ar asmeniniu patyrimu. Sapnų aiškinimuose ir pasakojimuose apie sapnus nusakomas sapno vaizdas ir jo reikšmė. Tarp aiškinimo ir pasakojimo dalių egzistuoja „ženklo – įvykio / numanomo įvykio“ ryšys. Susapnuotas reginys nesukelia tam tikros pasekmės, bet žmogų apie ją informuoja. Požiūris į sapnus nevienodas. Dalis žmonių juos vertina racionalistiškai, o dalis tiki prognozine galia. Kai kurie sapnai paveikia sapnuotoją: jis siekia išvengti negatyvaus įvykio ir atidžiau kontroliuoja savo poelgius, laukia pozityvių permainų ar skuba įsitikinti sapne regėtų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / In this work estimation and interpretation of dreams in traditional Lithuanian culture were investigated. The object of the work is dream interpretations, statements on the fulfilment of dreams and individual narrations about them, spreading orally and with the help of popular publications. In the work, dreams are investigated images of which are understood in the figurative sense and need some explanation. It was set out that dream interpretations can be ascribed to category of beliefs. A dream image is related to specific meanings according to the principles of analogy, antithesis, identity and similarity of words. People single out concrete objects from the whole dream and interpret them: 1) identify dream images recognized in certain cultural environment, with specific mythical implications ascribed; 2) link images to some event supposed or already happened on the ground of intuition and /or personal experience. In dream interpretations and narratives on dreams, a dream image and its meaning are defined. Between the parts of interpretation and narration there exists a connection “sign - event / implied event”. An image seen in a dream does not cause a certain result but only inform a person about it. There is no one-sided approach to dreams. Some people estimate them rationally and some do belief in their prognostic power. Certain dreams have an effect on a dreamer: a person seeks to avoid a negative event and is more attentive while controlling his behaviour, looks for... [to full text]

In this work estimation and interpretation of dreams in traditional Lithuanian culture were investigated. The object of the work is dream interpretations, statements on the fulfilment of dreams and individual narrations about them, spreading orally and with the help of popular publications. In the work, dreams are investigated images of which are understood in the figurative sense and need some explanation. It was set out that dream interpretations can be ascribed to category of beliefs. A dream image is related to specific meanings according to the principles of analogy, antithesis, identity and similarity of words. People single out concrete objects from the whole dream and interpret them: 1) identify dream images recognized in certain cultural environment, with specific mythical implications ascribed; 2) link images to some event supposed or already happened on the ground of intuition and /or personal experience. In dream interpretations and narratives on dreams, a dream image and its meaning are defined. Between the parts of interpretation and narration there exists a connection “sign - event / implied event”. An image seen in a dream does not cause a certain result but only inform a person about it. There is no one-sided approach to dreams. Some people estimate them rationally and some do belief in their prognostic power. Certain dreams have an effect on a dreamer: a person seeks to avoid a negative event and is more attentive while controlling his behaviour, looks for... [to full text] / Darbe tyrinėti sakytiniu būdu ir populiarių leidinėlių pavidalu plintantys sapnų aiškinimai, teiginiai apie sapnų pildymąsi ir individualūs pasakojimai apie sapnus. Analizuoti sapnai, kurių vaizdai suprantami perkeltine prasme ir reikalauja aiškinimo. Išsikeltas tikslas – remiantis archyviniais, paskelbtais spaudoje ir autorės surinktais duomenimis ištirti tekstų apie sapnus savitumus bei atskleisti žmonių požiūrį į sapnus ir jų interpretavimą. Buvo nustatyta, kad sapnų aiškinimai priskirtini tikėjimų kategorijai. Sapno vaizdas su konkrečiomis reikšmėmis siejamas analogijos, priešpriešos, tapatumo, žodžių panašumo principais. Žmonės išskiria konkrečius regėtus objektus iš viso sapno ir juos aiškina: 1) atpažįsta tam tikroje kultūros aplinkoje pripažintus sapnų vaizdus, kuriems yra priskirti konkretūs mitiniai įprasminimai, 2) regėtus vaizdus susieja su kokiu nors numatomu arba jau buvusiu įvykiu remdamiesi intuicija ir / ar asmeniniu patyrimu. Sapnų aiškinimuose ir pasakojimuose apie sapnus nusakomas sapno vaizdas ir jo reikšmė. Tarp aiškinimo ir pasakojimo dalių egzistuoja „ženklo – įvykio / numanomo įvykio“ ryšys. Susapnuotas reginys nesukelia tam tikros pasekmės, bet žmogų apie ją informuoja. Požiūris į sapnus nevienodas. Dalis žmonių juos vertina racionalistiškai, o dalis tiki prognozine galia. Kai kurie sapnai paveikia sapnuotoją: jis siekia išvengti negatyvaus įvykio ir atidžiau kontroliuoja savo poelgius, laukia pozityvių permainų ar skuba įsitikinti sapne regėtų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-120).

Thesis (Th. M.)--Dallas Theological Seminary, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 116-120).

Thesis (M.A.)--Miami University, Dept. of Psychology, 2005. / Title from first page of PDF document. Document formatted into pages; contains [1], iv, 53 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-56).

SILVA, Pedro Henrique Cândido da. Eu através dos vestígios: subjetividade, memória e fragmento no projeto In dreams, de Luis Alvarez. 2016. 146f. - Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Comunicação Social, Fortaleza (CE), 2016. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-01T13:59:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_phcsilva.pdf: 4627009 bytes, checksum: acfafd7066685cdad1a14a57b33ea2ea (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-02-01T14:00:26Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_phcsilva.pdf: 4627009 bytes, checksum: acfafd7066685cdad1a14a57b33ea2ea (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-01T14:00:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_dis_phcsilva.pdf: 4627009 bytes, checksum: acfafd7066685cdad1a14a57b33ea2ea (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / This dissertation aims to reflect on the autobiographical character of In Dreams project, created by the Belgian artist Luis Alvarez. The project consists of black and white photographs, made over two decades of banal and everyday records, which were later organized in a type of timeline. In this process, the artist sets your memories in motion, building a mazy and fragmented narrative. Our intention is to investigate a certain biographical trace present there (De Man, 2012; Arfuch, 2010). And think about how the subject behind the apparatus inscribe himself in the images he produces (Foucault, 2004). Our hypothesis is that Alvarez inhabits these images not through his face reflected on the photographic surface, but as a kind of presence marked in absence. We crossed In dreams as if collecting clues, as if we opened doors, as if we put together a portrait through tracks and traces. Starting from Benjamin (2001) we guide our gaze towards a past that is not ours, but rises before us as constellation, through its debris.To that end, we reflect about the place, or rather the non-place where this work parts from, investigating contemporary thought which understands image not as limited to the visual field, but as a landscape made of crossings and dissonances (Agamben, 2009; Ranciére, 2012). It is in this border space that Didi-Huberman (2010) helps us to understand what posture is that which our gaze lets itself be affected by what we see, where the line between researcher and subject is so thin as to what separates dream from reality. In the search for this autobiographical subject, we investigated these images as bodies in motion, noticing the plurality of views and possible readings. However, we seek to give due attention to aspects of assembly and materiality of these images, not only as In dreams construction process, but as media produces thought. / Este trabalho busca refletir sobre o caráter autobiográfico do projeto In dreams, de autoria do artista Belga Luis Alvarez.O projeto é composto por fotografias preto e branco, feitas ao longo de duas décadas de registros cotidianos e banais, que posteriormente foram organizadas numa espécie de linha do tempo. Nesse processo, o artista põe suas memórias em movimento, construindo uma narrativa labiríntica e fragmentada. Nossa intenção aqui é investigar um certo traço biográfico (De Man, 2012; Arfuch, 2010) presente ali, bem como pensar de que forma o sujeito por trás do aparelho inscreve-se nas imagens que produz (Foucault, 2004). Nosso pressuposto é de que Alvarez habita essas imagens não por meio do seu rosto refletido sobre a superfície fotográfica, mas como uma espécie de presença marcada na ausência. Atravessamos In dreams como quem coleta pistas, como quem abre portas, como quem monta um retrato composto de rastros e vestígios. É a partir de Benjamin (2001) que guiamos nosso olhar em relação a um passado que não é nosso, mas que ascende diante de nós como constelação, por meio dos seus detritos. Com tal objetivo, refletimos sobre o lugar, ou melhor, o não-lugar de onde parte essa obra, dialogando com o pensamento contemporâneo que entende imagem não como campo limitado ao visual, mas como paisagem composta por atravessamentos e dissonâncias (Agamben, 2009; Ranciére, 2012). É nesse espaço de fronteira que Didi-Huberman (2010) nos ajuda a compreender que postura é essa em que nosso olhar se deixa afetar pelo que vê, em que a linha que separa pesquisador e objeto é tão tênue quanto a que separa o sonho da realidade. Na busca por esse sujeito autobiográfico, investigamos essas imagens como corpos em movimento, atentando para a pluralidade de olhares e de leituras possíveis. Além disso, buscamos dar devida atenção aos aspectos ligados à montagem e à materialidade dessas imagens, não apenas como processo de construção de In dreams, mas como meio de produção de pensamento.

The purpose of the study was to determine whether dream analysis, as an educational psychological means, can provide insight into adolescent emotional problems. Hence, a literature study was done on adolescent emotional problems, on dreams and on dream analysis. Several classical and contemporary theories on dreams and dream analysis were analysed to design a model for dream analysis. A qualitative study, with five adolescent girls with emotional problems, followed. Data gathering included recorded dreams, interviews, diaries, a personality test, (the Emotions Profile Index), a projection medium (Three Wishes) and the above-mentioned model for dream analysis. Findings indicated that dream analysis can provide insight into adolescent emotional problems, revealing the intrapsychic world of the individual. Emotional problems that were revealed by the dream analysis, are anxiousness, aggression, a negative self-concept, feelings of being socially isolated and depression. Compensatory as well as regulatory functions of dreams were revealed by the empirical investigation. / Die doel van hierdie studie is 0om te bepaal of droomontleding, as 'n opvoedkundig-sielkundige hulpmiddel, insig in adolessente emosionele probleme kan verleen. 'n Literatuurstudie oor adolessente emosionele probleme sowel as drome en droomontleding is dus gedoen. Verskeie klassieke en kontemporere teoriee oor drome en droomontleding is ontleed om 'n model vir droomontleding te ontwerp. Dit is gevolg deur 'n kwalitatiewe studie met vyf adolessente dogters met emosionele probleme. Data-insamelingstegnieke het die volgende ingesluit: droomverslae, onderhoudvoering, dagboeke, 'n persoonlikheidstoets (die Emotions Profile Index), en projeksiemedium (Drie Wense) en bogenoemde model vir droomontleding. Die bevindinge het getoon dat droomontleding insig in adolessente emosionele probleme verleen deurdat dit die intrapsigiese wereld van die individu blootle. Emosionele probleme wat deur droomontleding blootgele is, het angs, aggressie, 'n negatiewe selfkonsep, belewing van sosiale isolasie en depressie ingesluit. Kompenserende sowel as regulerende funksies van drome het tydens die empiriese ondersoek na vore gekom. / Educational Studies / M. Ed. (specialisation in Counselling)

This paper presents a meta-analysis of dream theory within psychology and neuroscience. The questions it attempts to answer are: what is the neuroscientific basis of dreaming? Why do dreams exist (do they have an adaptive function)? Could dreams possibly have no function? And, what is the best way to interpret a dream? The current analysis presents various theories relevant to each of these questions and compares their viability. It also briefly examines the origins of psychological thought on dreams and, towards the end, outlines the steps and empirical support for a well-regarded method of dream interpretation known as the cognitive experiential model. In the end, the analysis finds that a major likely cause of dreaming is the occurrence of different memory processes during REM sleep, whose activity likely also contributes to dream content. As for adaptive functions, the existing neuroscientific evidence suggests that we are almost certainly capable of learning during dreams and that learning may therefore be one of dreams’ primary adaptive functions. However, due to the scarcity of research on dreams, few of these conclusions can be drawn with overwhelming confidence. Lastly, in regards to dream interpretation, the cognitive experiential model seems to provides a framework for dream interpretation which clients and therapists alike find satisfying and useful.

Dream theorists propose that dreams can balance conscious reality, and provide clues to unconscious processes complicating psychosomatic conditions. Little research has been done in the area of dreams and eating disorders. Based on data from a pilot study, and reports of eating-disordered women's dreams in the literature, the researcher hypothesised that eating-disordered women's dreams would contain a significant number of themes symbolizing the psychological states underlying their condition. Of particular interest was a sense of ineffectiveness, which has been the subject of many recent studies of eating-disordered women. The exploratory study compared the dream content of 12 eating-disordered and 11 normal women, aged 20 to 35 years. The 275 dreams were rated by 8 "blind" raters according to a 91-item eating disorder specific dream rating scale, which registered dream content such as attitudes of helplessness, images of anger, self-hate, and affect. A high level of inter-rater reliability was obtained. A questionnaire assessing motivational states (General Causality Orientation Scale; GCOS) was also administered. The data were analyzed by the independent t-test. The results showed strong significance in the occurrence of themes of ineffectiveness in the eating-disordered women's dreams (p = .001), which corresponded with the findings on the GCOS (p< .001). Also significantly present in the target group's dreams were themes of self-hate, anger, inability to nourish themselves, an obsession with weight, and the presence of negative emotions. An additional finding was a strongly significant presence of a sense of impending doom at the end of eating-disordered women's dreams (p < .001). These results suggest that dreams may provide an additional resource in understanding eating disorders. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

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