Núñez-Melgar-Molinari, C. (2016).Sin perder el cable a tierra : la identidad del viajero y su interacción en el mundo virtual (trabajo de investigación para optar la Licenciatura en Comunicación). Universidad de Lima. / Trabajos de investigación

Internet está siendo testigo de la legitimación y desarrollo de un nuevo formato audiovisual, el tube, que se diferencia de otros por su fuerte interacción con el público, la participación democrática y la espontaneidad de un contenido pensado especialmente para un tipo de consumidor que llamaremos vlog-adicto. Este análisis indaga la manera como tres Youtubers o videoblogers desarrollan su narrativad, dándole interés al recurso del monólogo, para ello se abordan los siguientes casos del Perú: ?What da faq Show?, ?Andynsane? y ?Bruno Acme?, a través de los cuales revisamos tanto conceptos tradicionales como novedosas aplicaciones e influencias. / Trabajo de investigación

La personnalisation de contenu est devenu une fonctionnalité cruciale sur Internet, car elle aide les utilisateurs à filtrer le contenu qu'ils ne trouvent pas intéressant. Ces systèmes collectent une grande quantité de données pour fournir un service efficace. Cela implique que les utilisateurs perdent le contrôle sur leurs données, ce qui pose un problème de respect de la vie privée. Les systèmes pair-à-pair (P2P) offrent une intéressante alternative aux services centralisés. Dans ces systèmes, chaque utilisateur est responsable de ses données et contrôle lesquelles sont utilisées par le système. Néanmoins, ces systèmes ne règlent que partiellement le problème de respect de la vie privée car, en général, tous les utilisateurs du système peuvent accéder aux données des autres utilisateur. De plus il est difficile de s'assurer de l'identité des utilisateurs, et donc de leur faire confiance. C'est un problème dans un contexte comme une place de marché en ligne, comme par exemple eBay. Dans un contexte P2P, il est difficile de s'assurer qu'un utilisateur est bien qui il dit être, et qu'il remplira sa part du marché. Malgré ces défauts nous pensons que le P2P est le meilleur moyen de résoudre le problème de vie privée. Il faut néanmoins améliorer les systèmes P2P afin de mieux protéger les données utilisateur et augmenter la confiance entre les utilisateurs. Dans cette thèse nous présentons quatre contributions allant dans ce sens. La première, TAPS, fournit aux utilisateurs une estimation de la fiabilité des autres utilisateurs en fonction d'informations extraites d'un réseau social, ainsi que chemin reliant les deux utilisateurs sur le réseau. Par exemple, TAPS informera un utilisateur, Bob, qu'un autre utilisateur, Carole, est la sœur d'un collègue de sa femme Alice. Ainsi, Bob connaît l'identité de Carole et sait si il peut lui faire confiance. La seconde, PTAPS, est une alternative à TAPS préservant la vie privée des utilisateurs. Dans TAPS, les utilisateurs fournissent au système la liste de leurs amis. Dans PTAPS ces informations sont masqué et ne sont accessibles qu'aux amis de l'utilisateur. La troisième, FreeRec, est un système de personnalisation assurant l'anonymat des utilisateurs. Les problèmes de vie privée touchant les réseaux P2P sont dû en grande partie au fait qu'il est possible d'associer les actions d'un utilisateur à son identité . Une solution est de masquer l'identité de l'utilisateur aux autres utilisateurs. FreeRec fournit des recommandations tout en assurant l'anonymat des utilisateurs grâce à du routage en ognon. La dernière, DPPC, est un algorithme masquant les données des utilisateurs dans un système de recommandation. Les données des utilisateurs peuvent contenir des informations précises sur l'utilisateur. Il a été démontré que ces données sont parfois suffisantes pour découvrir l'identité de l'utilisateur. DPPC masques ces données tout en permettant à l'utilisateur de bénéficier du système de recommandation. / Content personalization became an important functionality on the Internet, as it helps users to filter out uninteresting content. These systems collect a lot of data to provide accurate recommendations. This implies that the users loose control over their data, which causes a problem of privacy. Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems offer an interesting alternative to centralized services. In these systems, each user is responsible for her own data and control which ones are used by the system. Nevertheless, these systems solve only partially the privacy issue as, in general, all users of the system can access the data of the other users. In addition, it is difficult to know the true identity of users, and thus it is difficult to trust them. Thus is a problem in a context such as an online marketplace, such as eBay. In a P2P context, it is difficult to ensure that a user is really who she says she is, and that she will do her part of the job. Despites these weaknesses, we believe that P2P is the best way to solve the privacy issue. It is however necessary to improve P2P systems in order to better protect the users data and increase the trust between users. In this thesis we present four contributions going in that direction. The first one, TAPS, provides users with an estimation of the trustworthiness of other users based on information extracted from a social network, as well as a path linking the two users in this network. For example, TAPS will inform a user, Bob, that another user, Carol, is the sister of a colleague of his wife, Alice. Thus, Bob knows the identity of Carole and knows if he can trust her. The second one, PTAPS, is an alternative version of TAPS preserving the users' privacy. In TAPS, users provide the system with their list of friends. In PTAPS this information is hidden and only accessible by the user's friends. The third one, FreeRec, is a personalization system ensuring the users' anonymity. Privacy issues in P2P systems are mainly caused by the fact that it is possible to associate the action of a user with her identity. A solution is to hide the user's identity to the other users. FreeRec provides recommendations while ensuring users's anonymity thanks to onion routing. The last contribution, DPPC, is an algorithm hiding users' data in a recommendation system. Users data can contain precise information about the user. It has been showed that these data are sometimes enough to discover the user's true identity. DPPC hides these data while allowing the user to receive recommendations.

Users in social networking sites, such as Facebook, are increasingly receiving friend requests from strangers and accepting strangers as friends. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the Big Five personality traits and strangers' gender in affecting Facebook users' decisions to accept the stranger's friend request by adopting a 2 (gender of the stranger: male vs. female) x 5 (stranger's personality: Neuroticism vs. Extraversion vs. Openness vs. Conscientiousness vs. Agreeableness) factorial design. Results revealed that participants were more likely to accept the stranger's friend request when the participant's and stranger's personalities matched. This effect was more pronounced when the stranger was a female. Participants accepted female stranger's friend request due to the inflated perception of stereotypical female characteristics, which supported the hyperpersonal effect. Majority of the participants accepted the stranger's friend request based on textual cues that were displayed in the friend request message, which supported social information processing theory, suggesting that impression formation of the stranger was not constrained to the lack of nonverbal cues setting.

Orientadores: Maria Cecília Calani Baranauskas, Rodrigo Bonacin / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T10:38:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Reis_JulioCesardos_M.pdf: 2452219 bytes, checksum: cc419234ed0d505b4db824596a4a11c1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: As Redes Sociais Online (RSOs) podem representar uma oportunidade para as pessoas não letradas digitalmente efetivamente familiarizarem-se com tecnologias da informação e comunicação. Para isso, esses sistemas deveriam prover acesso inclusivo, criando situações nas quais a diversidade cultural dos usuários fosse respeitada, e suas dificuldades de acesso minimizadas. RSOs com recursos que promovam acesso a todos, incluindo aqueles às margens da cultura digital, podem ser definidas como Redes Sociais Inclusivas (RSIs). Nestas, as pessoas devem ter a possibilidade de facilmente recuperarem informações corretas, e principalmente que façam sentido a elas. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a concepção de mecanismos de busca inclusivos, mais adequados ao conceito de RSI, que possam propiciar resultados de busca mais significativos e personalizados. Embora o uso de mecanismos de busca seja uma das principais alternativas para acessar informação na Web atualmente, esses mecanismos ainda são construídos principalmente através de processamento léxico-sintático da informação, resultando em barreiras para muitos usuários. O uso de técnicas de busca semântica impulsionado por tecnologias da Web Semântica (WS) apresenta novas possibilidades para o problema em destaque, mas estas ainda são fundamentadas em paradigmas e métodos limitados para a representação do conhecimento em redes sociais. Para desenvolver um mecanismo de busca inclusivo em RSI é preciso "interpretar" a semântica compartilhada pelas pessoas. Nesta direção é necessário utilizar abordagens e métodos que permitam capturar os aspectos sociais e culturais advindos da rede social, como a linguagem coloquial e as relações semânticas usadas. Desta maneira, o mecanismo de busca inclusivo proposto adota uma solução baseada em ontologias, que são construídas com base em uma nova abordagem para o design de ontologias Web. Esta abordagem é fundamentada em conceitos e métodos da Semiótica Organizacional (SO), combinados com tecnologias da WS. A concepção desta abordagem foi inspirada em resultados de um experimento com usuários reais sobre atividades de busca em um sistema de RSI. A solução proposta pode possibilitar novas estratégias de busca baseadas em ontologia, e conseqüentemente, gerar a possibilidade de promover o acesso participativo e universal ao conhecimento / Abstract: Social Network Services (SNSs) may represent an opportunity for not digitally literate people to effectively familiarize themselves with information and communication technologies. For that, these systems should provide inclusive access, creating situations where users' cultural diversity is respected and their difficulties minimized. SNSs with resources that promote access for all, including those in the margin of the digital culture can be defined as Inclusive Social Network Services (ISNs). In these networks, ordinary people must have the possibility of easily recovering correct information, which makes sense to them. In this context, the objective of this work is to investigate the conception of an inclusive search mechanism more adequate to the ISN concept, which may propitiate more meaningful and personalized search results. Although the use of search mechanisms has been the main alternative to access information in the Web, such mechanisms are still built mainly through lexic-syntactical processing of information, resulting in barriers for many users. The use of semantic search techniques driven by Semantic Web (SW) technologies presents new possibilities for the highlighted problem, but it is still grounded in limited paradigms and methods for the representation of the social knowledge. In order to develop an inclusive search mechanism in ISN it is necessary to "interpret" the meanings shared by people. Approaches and methods that allow capturing the social and cultural aspects from the social network, such as their colloquial language and semantic relations, are necessary for that. Therefore, the inclusive search mechanism proposed in this work adopts an ontology-based solution that is based on a novel approach for the design of Web ontologies. Such approach is grounded on Organizational Semiotics (OS) concepts and methods, combined with SW technologies. The conception of this solution was inspired in experimental results with real users on search activities in an ISN system. This may enable novel ontology-based search strategies, and consequently generates the possibility of promoting the participatory and universal access to knowledge / Mestrado / Metodologia e Tecnicas da Computação / Mestre em Ciência da Computação

Orientador: Jose Armando Valente / Tesse (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T17:15:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Rodriguez_CarlaLopes_D.pdf: 11016734 bytes, checksum: 6a2d545bb521a2719494194fb55a6e8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Esta tese tem como objetivo mostrar de quais formas a utilização de recursos audiovisuais, como câmeras digitais, aparelhos portáteis multiplayer e ferramentas hipermidiáticas disponíveis em um ambiente de Educação a Distância (EAD), pode favorecer a comunicação e a construção de conhecimentos em rede em um contexto de Inclusão Digital. Esses recursos foram utilizados para o processo de interação e produção de conhecimentos por uma Comunidade Virtual de Aprendizagem (CVA) em formação. Essa CVA, denominada Re@ge - Rede virtual de Agentes - instanciada no ambiente de EAD Tidia-Ae/Sakai, foi composta por pesquisadores, médicos, agentes comunitários de saúde, educador físico, enfermeiros e pessoas vinculadas aos espaços públicos de acesso as Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) do município de Pedreira, interior do estado de São Paulo (Brasil). Neste contexto, foram criadas situações colaborativas de aprendizagem onde os usuários/aprendizes se apropriavam dos procedimentos, estratégias e recursos disponíveis para coletar, discutir e gerar conteúdos multimidiáticos. Os conteúdos coletados eram compartilhados, discutidos e reelaborados pelos participantes na comunidade virtual e, posteriormente, distribuídos à população por meio de diferentes mídias. A metodologia utilizada para esta investigação foi a da pesquisa-ação e os dados coletados, por meio de questionários, entrevistas semiestruturadas e observação participante, foram analisados qualitativamente com o apoio do software para Classificação Hierárquica Implicativa e Coesiva (CHIC). A análise dos dados compilados explicitou como o uso dos recursos audiovisuais e ferramentas hipermidiáticas disponíveis, aliados às estratégias de capacitação utilizadas, possibilitaram as diferentes formas de expressão (texto, áudio, vídeo e foto), o estabelecimento da comunicação e a construção de conhecimentos entre os participantes da CVA. Com base nos resultados alcançados foi possível ainda compreender as potencialidades e os limites dos recursos disponíveis de forma que o seu uso pudesse ser capaz de incrementar o processo de interação, superando as limitações da capacitação nos moldes tradicionais e ampliando as possibilidades de aprendizagem / Abstract: This thesis aims to show how the use of audiovisual resources, such as digital cameras, handheld devices and multiplayer tools available in a hypermedia environment for Distance Education (EAD), can help build communication and networking skills in a context Digital Inclusion. These funds were used for the process of interaction and knowledge production by a Virtual Learning Community (VLC) in training. This VLC, called Re@ge - Network Virtual Agents - instantiated in the distance education environment Tidia-Ae/Sakai was comprised of researchers, physicians, community health agents, physical educator, nurses and other people linked to public spaces Access Technologies Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in the municipality of Pedreira, the state of São Paulo (Brazil). Thus, we created collaborative learning situations where the users/learners take ownership of the procedures, strategies and resources to gather, discuss and generate multimediatic content. The contents collected were shared, discussed and reworked by the participants in the virtual community and then distributed to the population through different media. The methodology for this research was action research and data collected through questionnaires, interviews and participant observation, were qualitatively analyzed with the assistance of software for Hierarchical Classification Implicative and Cohesive (CHIC). The analysis of data compiled explained how the use of audiovisual aids and hypermedia tools available, combined with capacity building strategies used, allowed the different forms of expression (text, audio, video and photo), the establishment of communication and the construction of knowledge among participants of the VLC. Based on the results was impossible to understand the potential and limits of available resources so that their use might be able to boost the interaction process, overcoming the limitations of training in the traditional and expanding learning opportunities / Doutorado / Artes Visuais / Doutor em Artes

Orientador: Vera Regina Toledo Camargo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T07:48:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Pereira_MarcosRogerio_M.pdf: 9331268 bytes, checksum: 83a33eacaa5b46e2776300a967e6c32d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Este estudo é vinculado ao projeto científico "Geração de cenários de produção de álcool como apoio para a formulação de políticas públicas aplicadas à adaptação do setor sucroalcooleiro nacional às mudanças climáticas". Seu objetivo é produzir e divulgar informações científicas para públicos distintos sobre o tema das mudanças climáticas no âmbito da internet. O estudo se justifica graças à sua relevância, no universo digital, como canal de difusão de informação e de conhecimento na vida contemporânea. Enquanto em um primeiro momento enfatiza o uso de sites, blogs e redes sociais on-line para compartilhar ciência, permitindo identificar o público-alvo e, consequentemente, atraindo novos pesquisadores e interessados nas mudanças climáticas e seus impactos, o segundo aborda a criação de um site como horizonte de ação para tornar a informação acessível ao maior número de pessoas possível. A introdução de temas científicos na web requer estudo, compreensão e análise do conteúdo quanto à propagação das informações resultantes desse projeto científico. Considerando que o objeto da pesquisa é como usar a sociedade em rede para transmitir conhecimento, enfatizam-se as principais características deste trabalho: recuperar informações acessíveis e detalhadas geradas pela equipe científica, fatos recentes e de grande repercussão sobre temas de interesse do público-alvo do projeto e difundi-los na rede. De forma sistemática, este estudo mapeou o processo de divulgação científica mediado pelas tecnologias de comunicação e informação. Além do uso em conjunto das redes sociais on-line e o emprego de estratégias de divulgação científica que foram exploradas como tentativa de transmitir e promover amplo acesso ao conhecimento gerado pelos pesquisadores, os principais resultados do trabalho foram o aprimoramento e análise das informações científicas colocadas à disposição do público na web, e as estratégias empregadas para favorecer o acesso ao conhecimento gerado pelo projeto, além do site que foi desenvolvido com recursos técnicos de acessibilidade, usabilidade e design responsivo e que serviu de base para preservar e divulgar o conteúdo científico produzido pelo projeto de pesquisa. Os resultados visam contribuir com a circulação da informação científica na internet e tornar acessíveis artigos, dissertações, teses, entrevistas, vídeos, áudios, textos, fotos, imagens, matérias jornalísticas e informações sobre eventos científicos no contexto das mudanças climáticas. A expectativa é que o uso da internet possa levar as pessoas a identificar os posicionamentos que sustentam os estudos sobre o tema e estimule outras leituras que auxiliem na tomada de decisões sobre o mundo contemporâneo e as mudanças, que nele acontecem, causadas pela atividade humana / Abstract: This research is linked to the scientific project in global climate changes "Generation of Alcohol Production Scenarios as Support for the Formulation of Public Policies Applied to the Adaptation of the National Sugar and Alcohol Industry to the Climate Changes". Its aim is to focus more extensive disclosures, for different audiences, on the topic of global climate changes within the internet. This study is justified by its relevance as a channel for diffusion of information and knowledge of contemporary life. It emphasizes, in the first place, how the use of sites, blog and digital social networks, as science communication platforms, serves to identify the target audience and hence attracting new researchers and stakeholders on climate change and its impacts. Still at the process of adjustment to social networks and medias, the introduction of scientific subjects on those networks demands studies, comprehension and analyses of the content in relation to the spread of information and knowledge resulting of this scientific project. When the object of the research is "how to use the network society" to impart knowledge, it is emphasized that the main features of the work are: to recover accessible and detailed information generated by the scientific staff, to retrieve recent and highly publicized events on topics of interest to the target audience of the project and spread them online. Systematically, the purpose of this study was to map the process of scientific dissemination mediated by communication and information technologies. Besides the use of digital social network together with scientific dissemination strategies that have been explored as attempts of conveying and promoting a broad access to the knowledge generated by the researchers, the main results of the work were the improvement and analyses of the scientific information made available to public on the web, and the strategies employed to facilitate access to knowledge generated by the project, together with the website, that was developed with technical features of accessibility, usability and responsive design and that has been the basis for preserving and disclosing the scientific and technological content produced by the research. And, more broadly, contribute to the circulation of scientific information on the Internet and make available papers, dissertations, theses, interviews, videos, audios, texts, photos, newspaper articles and images, information and news about national and international scientific events in context of climate change. The expectation is that the use of the internet can lead users to identify positions that support the studies on the subject and stimulate other readings that help in making decisions about the contemporary world and the changes that happen in it, caused by human activity / Mestrado / Divulgação Científica e Cultural / Mestre em Divulgação Científica e Cultural

The purpose of the study was to investigate graduate social work students' attitudes about the use of social media in social work and the possible ethical implications of such use. The study used an exploratory quantitative survey design with self-administered questionnaires. Data was collected from 56 graduate social work students at California State University, San Bernardino.

This thesis examines the political public relations campaign of the Democratic Alliance in the 2009 elections in order to explain the party’s performance in these elections. The research is premised on John Petrocik’s (1996) issue ownership theory. A number of quantitative and qualitative content analyses were conducted to provide answers to the main research questions. These involved: the party’s 286 media releases; party leader Helen Zille’s 2009 campaign speeches; and Zille’s Facebook platform. Results revealed that although the DA demonstrated extreme political resilience amidst fierce challenges in the 2009 elections, the party primarily campaigned on an anti-ANC ticket and a fair amount of negative advertising against the governing party to win itself votes. Not only did the party fail to “associate” itself with real issues affecting South African voters—especially the poor Black African majority which constitutes the largest voting bloc—it failed to pronounce itself clearly on other issues. Instead, the party attached itself to a multitude of shared issues, often “trespassing” on issues of common concern not necessarily “owned” by any one political party. This study also deduced that while Facebook facilitated public opinion on the DA in the 2009 elections, it still could not be regarded as a genuine public sphere in the South African context. / Communication Science / M.A. (Communication)

No description available.