Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores - Major Telecomunicações. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2008

Cette thèse étudie le rôle des différents régimes de propriété intellectuelle (DPI) et évalue ses conséquences sur l'industrie du logiciel. En outre, ce travail porte sur l'équilibre entre deux modèles de logiciels, celui des logiciels privés et celui des logiciels libres et open source, et cherche à évaluer leurs effets sur la performance des entreprises. Ainsi nous discutons dans un premier article les facteurs clés de la cinquième révolution technologique à travers le concept de paradigme technoéconomique (Freeman et Perez, 1988) et nous considérons l'open source comme le principal de ces facteurs. D'autre part, nous étudions les trois aspects des technologies logicielles. Les caractéristiques structurelles des logiciels, c'est-a-dire les économies de gamme (Panzar et Willig, 1981; Teece, 1980) et la modularité (Parnas, 1972; Langlois et Robertson, 1992) représentent les deux premiers. Le régime de propriété intellectuelle, qui est a l'origine des particularités institutionnelles du logiciel (Mazzeloni et Nelson, 1998b), représente le troisième aspect. Au sein de cette thèse nous utilisons différentes méthodologies et considérons plusieurs technologies logicielles pour répondre à nos questions de recherches. Les économies de gamme de logiciels sont étudiées à travers une simulation multi-agents. La recherche sur la modularité est effectuée par une analyse des brevets sur la technologie d'indexation de vidéo. La question des DPI est examinée dans deux chapitres différents. Dans un premier chapitre, une analyse de données de panel est faite pour démontrer l'effet du brevetage et de la contribution au projet du noyau Linux sur la performance des entreprises. Le second chapitre traite quant à lui d'un cas particulier où l'innovation ouverte est réalisée par un groupe de recherche en ingénierie du logiciel au sein d'Alcatel-Lucent Bell Labs, Nozay, France. Ces exemples uniques ne peuvent conclure sur aucune tendance macro sur l'industrie du logiciel, mais cette thèse vise à alimenter les discussions sur les droits de propriété intellectuelle au sein de l'industrie du logiciel. / This thesis studies the role of the intellectual property right (IPR) regimes and its implications on the software industry. Moreover, it focuses on the balance of proprietary and free, libre and open source software (FLOSS) development models for innovative performance. In this thesis, first the concept of key factor of the fifth technological revolution, age of information and telecommunication is discussed within the techno-economic paradigm literature (Freeman and Perez, 1988). Then the three aspects of software technologies are investigated. The first two are the structural characteristics of software which are; economies of scope (Panzar and Willig, 1981; Teece, 1980) and modularity (Parnas, 1972; Langlois and Robertson, 1992). The last one is the IPR regimes which create the institutional peculiarities of software (Mazzeloni and Nelson, 1998b). Inthis thesis, different methodologies are used and several software technologies are considered to illustrate the research questions. Economies of scope of software is investigated by using an agent based simulation. The research on modularity is carried out by exploiting a patent analysis on the video indexing technology. The IPR issue is examined within two different chapters. In the first one, panel data analysis is used to understand the effect of patenting and contribution to the Linuxkernel project on the performance of _rms. The second one focuses on a case where open innovation is implemented by a software R&D group within Alcatel- Lucent Bell Labs, Nozay, France. These unique examples cannot give any macro trend on software industry but this thesis aims to contribute to the IPR discussions within the software industry.

Die Technische Universität Chemnitz setzt seit vielen Jahren auf den Einsatz von Open-Source-Software im gesamten Campus. Da liegt es nahe, dass auch die Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz auf frei verfügbaren Code zurückgreift. Die Möglichkeiten für Bibliotheken, Anwendungen und Dienstleistungen auf Open Source zu stützen, haben sich in den letzten Jahren deutlich verbessert, da zahlreiche spezielle Softwarelösungen für Bibliotheken entwickelt wurden. Neben dem Katalog auf VuFind-Basis, dem ERMSystem Coral und weiteren im internen Bereich eingesetzten Speziallösungen wird seit April 2013 auch eine interaktive Standortkarte auf Grundlage von Open-Source-Code in der Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz eingesetzt.

An introduction to Project Conifer, the effort to bring the Evergreen open source library system from public libraries into Ontario's academic libraries. Dan Scott, project manager for Project Conifer, demonstrates the rationale behind the collaboration between Algoma University, Laurentian University, McMaster University, the Northern Ontario Health Integration Network (NOHIN), and the University of Windsor, and demonstrates the benefits Evergreen offers over our existing systems.

Rachel Ellaway (Assistant Dean Education Informatics, Northern Ontario School of Medicine) delivers the keynote presentation for Software Freedom Day 2008, tackling the subjects of open source software, licensing of copyright material, and the relationship between the academy and open source processes.

Robert Maynard, lead developer for E2V0 (MIRARCO), describes ParaViewGeo - a version of ParaView that they have modified heavily to support data modelling and visualization in the mining and geoscience fields - as well as the open source development process used by E2V0.

Open source software is becoming a credible and realistic alternative to proprietary software in municipalities. The aim of this thesis is to explore the strategies and logical issues that inspire and motivate municipalities to migrate into or integrate use of open source software. The research approach used in the study is an explorative, comparative case study performed in the three Swedish municipalities of Falköping, Alingsås and Kungälv, which considers implementation and use of OpenOffice in administration. The methodologies used in the case study were in-depth interviews with Chief Information Officers in the municipalities and document analysis. The interviews were combined with the tool of SWOTanalysis to further focus on the reasons for choosing OpenOffice as an application program. There is certainly not a unique strategy to migrate into or integrate use of Free/Open Source Software. Since each municipality is autonomous in the process of decision-making, various strategic planning or guidelines are use in different municipalities. In the municipalities of Alingsås and Kungälv the strategic planning is used for leading the processes of implementation of new software applications. However, in Falköping municipality, the procedures are guided by a set of guidelines. The lower Total Cost of Ownership and the Free/Open Source Software’s freedoms besides many other advantages, make the municipalities stimulated to migrate into use of OpenOffice suite. In contrast, there are some drawbacks and barriers, such as shortage of internal and external standardization and lack of user knowledge and familiarity, which demotivate the municipalities to take this decision. To lower costs of IT administration seems to be the most significant factor in motivating municipalities to migrate into use of OpenOffice. More research is needed in order to find out the consequences of implementation of OpenOffice in municipalities as well as to investigate if Total Cost of Ownership really is decreased by the use of Open Office.

Denna rapport visar hur ett företag kan gå tillväga för att sammanställa utvecklingen av proprietär tillägg till öppen källkod. Rapporten presenterar en strategi för hantering av extern källkod. Examensarbetet har utförts på Ericsson AB i Linköping och har gått ut på att sammanställa deras internutveckling av protokollavkodare till Wireshark. I rapporten presenteras hur ett program som licensierats under öppen källkod kan utvärderas. Vidare ges en kort introduktion till de legala grunderna för öppen källkod. Rapporten tar även upp de risker som kan associeras med öppen källkod. Examensarbetet resulterade praktiskt i ett system som sammanställde Ericssons internutveckling av proprietär tillägg till öppen källkod.

Using design patterns is a widely accepted method to improve software development. There are many benefits of the application of patterns claimed in the literature. The most cited claim is that design patterns can provide a common design vocabulary and therefore improve greatly communication between software designers. Most of the claims are supported by experiences reports of practitioners, but there is a lack of quantitative research concerning the actual application of design patterns and about the realization of the claimed benefits. In this paper we analyze the development process of over 1000 open source software projects using version control information. We explore this information to gain an insight into the differences of software development with and without design patters. (author's abstract) / Series: Working Papers on Information Systems, Information Business and Operations

The proliferation of nuclear weapons is a great threat to world peace and stability. The question of strengthening the nonproliferation regime has been open for a long period of time. In 1997 the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Board of Governors (BOG) adopted the Additional Safeguards Protocol. The purpose of the protocol is to enhance the IAEA’s ability to detect undeclared production of fissile materials in member states. However, the IAEA does not always have sufficient human and financial resources to accomplish this task. Developed here is a concept for making use of human and technical resources available in academia that could be used to enhance the IAEA’s mission. The objective of this research was to study the feasibility of an academic community using commercially or publicly available sources of information and products for the purpose of detecting covert facilities and activities intended for the unlawful acquisition of fissile materials or production of nuclear weapons. In this study, the availability and use of commercial satellite imagery systems, commercial computer codes for satellite imagery analysis, Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (CTBT)verification International Monitoring System (IMS), publicly available information sources such as watchdog groups and press reports, and Customs Services information were explored. A system for integrating these data sources to form conclusions was also developed. The results proved that publicly and commercially available sources of information and data analysis can be a powerful tool in tracking violations in the international nuclear nonproliferation regime and a framework for implementing these tools in academic community was developed. As a result of this study a formation of an International Nonproliferation Monitoring Academic Community (INMAC) is proposed. This would be an independent organization consisting of academics (faculty, staff and students) from both nuclear weapon states (NWS) and non-nuclear weapon states (NNWS). This community analyzes all types of unclassified publicly and commercially available information to aid in detection of violations of the non-proliferation regime. INMAC shares all of this information with the IAEA and the public. Since INMAC is composed solely by members of the academic community, this organization would not demonstrate any biases in its investigations or reporting.