The aim of this thesis is to broaden knowledge about the possibilities of using modern stubble plough with minimum tillage in agricultural production. In order to evaluate the work of selected indicators stubble machines was based small ? plot experiments at selected station. The experiment was evaluated lumps, depth of tillage and crop residue incorporation of selected machines. Further economic evaluaiton was carried out operating costs of used machines. The use of machines were evaluated according to the results obtained reccomended in agricultural practice.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-12-02Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T21:06:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 lourenco_msn_dr_jabo.pdf: 595650 bytes, checksum: 1a674a74c6c121235358d42b7a1a4db4 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Foram realizados dois experimentos, objetivando-se avaliar quantitativamente diferentes metodologias propostas em análises de fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) e fibra em detergente ácido (FDA), visando à precisão dos resultados analíticos, a redução nos custos e no tempo das análises, bem como a minimização no descarte de resíduos químicos. Foram utilizados seis alimentos de uso corrente na alimentação animal: feno de Tifton 85 (Cynodon spp.), cana-de-açúcar (Saccharum officinarum L.), silagem de milho (Zea mays L.), capim-xaraés (Brachiaria brizanta cv. Xaraés), capim-marandu (Brachiaria brizanta cv. Marandu) e um concentrado protéico, o farelo de babaçu (Orbignya phalerata). No primeiro experimento foram comparados os teores de FDN e FDA obtidos pelo método convencional com três métodos alternativos que utilizam a autoclave como sistema digestor e no segundo experimento foi avaliada a possibilidade de reutilizar, por uma vez, as soluções detergentes e a acetona recuperada, utilizadas no desenvolvimento das primeiras análises. O delineamento experimental utilizado na análise de cada alimento foi o inteiramente casualizado, em um esquema fatorial 4x2 (4 metodologias e 2 formas de análises), no primeiro experimento e 2x4x2 (2 utilizações, 4 metodologias e 2 formas de análises), no segundo experimento. Observou-se que a implantação das metodologias alternativas permitiu ganhos significativos com a redução dos custos operacionais e do tempo da análise, minimizando os impactos ambientais. A precisão analítica dos métodos alternativos variou entre os alimentos estudados, tendo sido recomendados nas determinações dos teores de FDN no feno de Tifton 85, farelo de babaçu e cana-de-açúcar e nas determinações dos teores de FDA apenas no farelo de babaçu pelo método alternativo que utiliza a autoclave e saquinhos... / Two experiments were conducted, aiming to quantitatively evaluate different methods proposed for the analysis of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). This evaluation included the precision of analytical results, the reduces costs and time analysis and minimizes waste generation. Six typical foods in animal nutrition were used: Tifton 85 hay (Cynodon spp.), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.), corn silage (Zea mays L.), grass xaraés (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés) grass marandu (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu) and a proteic concentrated, the babassu meal (Orbignya phalerata). The first experiment compared the NDF and ADF results of the conventional method with three alternative methods that use autoclave as system digester and on the second experiment the possibility of reuse, for once, of detergent solutions and recovered acetone applied on the first experiment, were studied.The experimental design used in the analysis of each food was completely randomized in a 4x2 factorial scheme (four methods and two forms of analysis) in the first experiment and 2x4x2 (2 uses, four methods and two forms of analysis) in the second experiment .It was observed that alternative methodologies has allowed significant gains by reducing operating costs, time of analysis, minimizing environmental impacts. The analytical precision of alternative methods varied among studied foods. NDF alternative methods were recommended for Tifton 85, babassu meal and sugarcane samples. ADF determinations by alternative methods are not recommended for samples studied; except for babassu meal that can be analyzed by the alternative method using an autoclave and bags of ANKOM. All analytical results of the determinations of NDF and ADF showed the same behavior in both forms of analysis used (non-sequential and sequential), except the determination of ADF in corn silage... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out the amount of operating costs which is spent on the working of the organizations in public sector in the Czech Republic and to access the possibilities of saving the costs as impact of improving their procurement system of purchasing energy commodities, especially gas and electricity. It also refers to e-auction and commodity exchange as examples of the specific instruments. The practical part contains the survey conducted among organizations of public sector.

This master thesis describes the design of control unit, which has the task to operate industrial facilities for disinfection of swimming pools or living rooms. The designed control unit is trying to regulate power and flow rate, which is controlled by electronic valve with a flowmetr. The whole design is aimed at minimizing operating costs (mainly consumed liquid oxygen). Interaction with the operator is ensured by the HMI display. There is also an effort to highlight the importance of HMI applications in the industry.

Content of the thesis is the proposal of new technology using machining centres, including five controlled axis. Benefit of implementation the new nechnology is investigated at machining example, which is the gear housing of a single stage gearbox, manufactured in the company. In the first part of the thesis, the general properties of gearboxes and their housings are analyzed, as well as the procedure of the current proces of the machining representative. In practical part of the thesis is proposed necessary tool equipment and jig equipment, needed for machining of the part. After that are analyzed and filled in time studies, provided by manufacturers of machining centres. On the bases of these studies, were calculated operating times and operating costs per one piece of the housing. In the part of technical and economical evaluation is calculated the return of initial investment, including costs for byuing new machining cente and cutting tools equipment. Finaly are evaluated the overal benefits of the new technology, given the needs of the company.

This thesis deals with optimization of manufacturing process of plastic molded parts production. The first part focuses of describing current workplace, thanks to that was found out amount of transported materials. In second part there are two possibilities of solving problem with target to decrease amount of manipulations and transports. On base of this evaluation this these variants, the optimal variant is choosen. This variation improve molding process, decrease number of manipulation equipments and number of operators.

Diploma thesis deals with change of heating source for a block of flats with aim to reduce heating costs. Thesis contains calculations of energy requirements of house, including requirements for heating and domestic hot water preparation. Several ways of heating by a heat pump were designed based on the calculated values. Each variant of the designed heating system is compared with current operational costs. Possible cost economies and maximum value of investment costs of the heating system were assessed

The Master thesis is focused on rating the specifics of passive houses and assessment whether the energy savings in the operation of passive house will cover the increased cost of construction. The theoretical part deals with the history and development of passive houses, application of natural materials, sustainable resources of energy and indicators for the evaluation of economic efficiency. The practical part describes passive and standard house. On the standard house, there is processed financial plan. Reference objects are compared, followed by evaluation of the return on the additional costs of the passive house.

The aim of this thesis is to compare economic investment in passive houses and conventional construction of a house. Furthermore, this thesis is focused on introducing problematics connected to construction of passive house, main characteristics, differences in used materials including review of advantages and disadvantages of their implementation. Assessment is based on return ability of initial investments generated by lowering operational costs. Main part of this thesis is aimed on compression of costs both before and in use of a house.

La empresa seleccionada para la investigación es SOQUITEX ING. SRL., dedicada a la producción y comercialización de productos químicos. Actualmente, los costos operativos de esta organización han aumentado, por lo tanto, la propuesta de solución se basa en la implementación y diseño de un nuevo procedimiento de compras para mejorar la gestión del abastecimiento de materias primas, el cual estará basado en los objetivos de la metodología Lean Management y acompañado de un pronóstico de la demanda más preciso; reduciendo así los costos y el espacio de almacenamiento, cuya capacidad está al máximo. Por lo expuesto, se determina que el giro de negocio de la empresa es la comercialización y producción de insumos, más no la importación y por ello se optará por compras locales de materia prima. Por consiguiente, se tiene la reducción del área operativa de almacenamiento, lo cual permitirá eliminar el uso de un segundo almacén de 100m2 y un ahorro anual de 18,000 dólares, junto con la reducción de casi el 50% del espacio para la materia prima. Además, se tendrá una mejora financiera, ya que las compras locales se realizan mediante créditos, lo que reduce el gasto financiero y aumenta la liquidez. La investigación se divide en cuatro capítulos. El primer capítulo muestra el estado del arte, marco teórico y casos de éxito. El segundo capítulo detalla la descripción, análisis y diagnóstico del problema. El tercer capítulo se enfoca en la propuesta de solución. Finalmente, el cuarto capítulo se centra en las conclusiones y recomendaciones. / The selected company for this research is SOQUITEX ING. SRL., which is dedicated to the production and commercialization of chemical products. Currently, the operating costs of this company have increased, so the solution proposal is about the implementation and design of a new purchasing procedure to improve the supply management of raw materials, which will be based on the Lean Management methodology’s objectives and along with a more accurate demand forecast’s development. And by this way, the costs and the storage space that is working at full capacity will be both reduced. According what is was explained, it is determined that company’s core business is the commercialization and production of inputs and not the importing and that is why local purchases of raw materials will be chosen. Therefore, there is an operational storage area’s reduction, which will allow to eliminate the use of a second warehouse of 100m2 and an annual saving of USD 18,000, along with the reduction of almost 50% of the space for the raw material. In addition, there will be a financial improvement, because local purchases are managed through credits, which means the reduction of financial expenses and the increase of liquidity. This research is divided into four chapters. The first one is about the art state, theory framework and success cases. The second one details the description, analysis and diagnostic of the research’s problem. The third one focuses on the solution proposal. And finally, the last chapter is about conclusions and recommendations. / Trabajo de investigación