Orientador: Rosemary Adriana Chiérici Marcantonio / Banca: Cassiano Kuchenbecker Rösing / Banca: José Roberto Cortelli / Banca: Sérgio Luiz de Souza Salvador / Banca: José Eduardo Cezar Sampaio / Resumo: No presente estudo foi avaliado o efeito do controle de placa bacteriana supragengival sobre parâmetros clínicos e microbiológicos subgengivais, comparando-o em pacientes nunca fumantes (NFU) e fumantes (F). Durante esse ensaio clínico (6 meses), 25 pacientes, de cada grupo, foram examinados clinicamente, por um examinador calibrado, no momento inicial (I) e aos 30, 90 e 180 (exame final F) dias. 45 desses indivíduos contribuíram com amostras para cálculo do volume de fluido e avaliação microbiológica. As médias do percentual de sítios com IPV, ISG e SS e as médias da PS e PI (em milímetros), do volume de fluido (æl) e as médias do número de bactérias totais (Eubactéria, Eu), Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Peptostreptococcus micros (Pm), Dialister pneumosintes (Dp), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) foram geradas para o indivíduo e, posteriormente, para os grupos. Dados do exame inicial e final foram comparados (teste Wald, p=0.05). Foi observado que o efeito do controle de placa bacteriano supragengival contribuiu para a redução significante de IPV (NFU- I: 91,1 e F: 8,7; FU- I: 88,5 e F: 6,4), ISG (NFU- I: 83,8 e F: 2,2; FU- I: 76,1 e F: 0,3), SS (NFU- I: 95,0 e F: 21,6; FU- I: 94,4 e F: 25,3), PS (NFU- I: 3,7 e F: 2,6; FU- I: 3,9 e F: 2,8), PI (NFU- I: 3,4 e 3.0; FU- I: 4., e F: 3,7), volume de fluido (NFU- I: 0,59 e F: 0,23; FU- I: 036 e F- 0,16) e número de Eubactérias (NFU- I: 1,09x105; F: 2,3x101; FU- I: 1,9x105; F: 1,9x101); Pg (NFU- I: 1,07x103; F: 7,0x101; FU- I: 1,4x103; F: 9,4x101); Pm (NFU- I: 2,1x105; F: 0,3x105; FU- I: 6,8x105; F: 0,5x105); Aa (NFU- I: 2,5x101; F: 1,0x101; FU- I: 1,7x101; F: 0,76x101) e Dp (NFU- I: 3,7x101; F: 0,72x101; FU- I: 9,6x101; F: 0,83x101). Ao final do estudo, pacientes fumantes apresentaram menor ISG e volume de fluido, maior PI e menor número de baterias totais...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo). / Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a supragingival plaque control regiment and to compare this effect between never smokers (NS) and smokers (S) periodontitis patients. During the 6 months experimental period 50 patients, 25 in each group, were clinically examined by a singular calibrated examiner in the baseline (I), 30, 90 and 180 days (F). 45 individuals contributed with GCF and microbiological sampling. Mean values of the percentage of sites VPI+, MBI+, BOP, the PPD and CAL measurements (mm), GCF volume (æl) and number of the Eubacteria (Eu); Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), Peptostreptococcus micros (Pm), Dialister pneumosintes (Dp), Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa), were calculated for the individual to compose the groups means. Data from baseline and final examinations were compared (test Wald p=0.05). It could be observed that a supragingival plaque control significantly contributed to VPI NSI: 91.1 and F: 8.7; S- I: 88.5 e F: 6.4), MBI (NS- I: 83.8 e F: 2.2; S- I: 76.1 e F: 0.3), BOP (NS- I: 95.0 e F: 21.6; S- I: 94.4 e F: 25.3), PPD (NS- I: 3.7 e F: 2.6; SI: 3.9 e F: 2.8); CAL (NS- I: 3.4 e 3.0; S- I: 4.3 e F: 3.7), GCF (NS- I: 0.59e F: 0.23; S- I: 0.36 e F: 0.16) and number of Tb (NS- I: 1.09x105; F: 2.3x101; S- I: 1.9x105; F: 1.9x101); Pg (NS- I: 1.07x103; F: 7.0x101; S- I: 1.4x103; F: 9.4x101); Pm (NS- I: 2.1x105; F: 0.3x105; S- I: 6.8x105; F: 0.5x105); Aa (NS- I: 2.5x101; F: 1.0x101; S- I: 1.7x101; F: 0.76x101) and Dp (NS- I: 3.7x101; F: 0.72x101; S- I: 9.6x101; F: 0.83x101) reductions. At the end, smokers presented less marginal bleeding, CAL, GCF volume and lower numbers of Eubacteria then never smokers. It can be concluded that both never smokers and smokers periodontitis patients can benefit from a supragingival plaque control regimen, even though 30 smokers presented less marginal bleeding and less number of Eubacteria at the end. / Doutor

Objetivo: o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as condições de saúde bucal e a ocorrência de anomalias dentárias em crianças tratadas para leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) no Serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica (SOP) do Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), comparadas com um grupo crianças saudáveis. Amostra: foram selecionadas 56 crianças com diagnóstico de LLA e analisadas as presenças de anomalias dentárias e os índices CPO-D (cariado, perdido, obturado-dente), IPV (índice de placa visível), ISG (índice de sangramento gengival) e fluxo salivar. As crianças tratadas apresentaram uma média de idade, na época do diagnóstico da LLA, de 5,3 ± 2,6, e 11,8 ± 4,2 na avaliação, sendo 32 masculinos e 24 femininos. Os pacientes tratados para LLA foram divididos em três grupos: crianças tratadas somente com quimioterapia, com quimio e radioterapia, e com quimio, radio e transplante de medula óssea. Resultados: os resultados revelaram 80,4% de anomalias dentárias nas crianças tratadas, ou seja, 45 destas apresentaram pelo menos uma alteração, e o grupo de pacientes tratados com quimio, radio e submetidos ao transplante de medula óssea foi o que revelou a maior média de anormalidades dentárias por indivíduo (15,37 ± 15,03), não ocorrendo diferença estatística entre os gêneros. As crianças tratadas para LLA obtiveram CPO-D de 1,9 ± 4,0, ISG de 26,5%, IPV de 72,0%, e índice de fluxo salivar médio de 0,19 mL/min criança. Já o grupo de crianças sadias apresentou CPO-D de 1,52 ± 3,5, ISG de 11,1%, IPV de 53,8% e índice de fluxo salivar médio de 0,27 mL/min. Conclusão: o tratamento para a cura da LLA provoca um aumento significativo no número de anomalias dentárias, sendo mais freqüente nos pacientes menores de cinco anos de idade, principalmente nos pacientes submetidos a quimio e radioterapia associadas ao transplante de medula óssea, o que requer, por parte do cirurgião-dentista, intervenções clínicas diferenciadas e cuidadosas nestes pacientes, tendo-se em vista também os índices aumentados de ISG e IPV. As alterações sofridas pelas glândulas salivares durante o tratamento não são permanentes sob o aspecto do fluxo salivar, que retorna à normalidade. A orientação e o acompanhamento adequados destes pacientes por parte da equipe de saúde bucal podem mantê-los com o índice de CPO-D dentro dos padrões preconizados pela Organização Mundial de Saúde. / Objective: the objective of this research was to evaluate oral health conditions and the occurrence of dental anomalies in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the Pediatric Oncology Service at Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), in comparison to a healthy children group. Sample: 56 children diagnosed with ALL were selected and the occurrence of dental anomalies and the rates DMF-T (decayed, missing, filled-tooth), RVDP (rate of visible dental plaque), RGB (rate of gingival bleeding) and salivary flow were analyzed. The treated children at the time of the diagnostic for ALL were in the average age of 5,3 ± 2,6, and 11,8 ± 4,2 at the evaluation, with 32 male and 24 female. The patients treated for ALL were divided in three groups: children only treated with chemotherapy, with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and bone marrow transplant. Results: the results showed 80,4% of dental anomalies in treated children, it means that 45 children had at least one disorder, and the group of patients treated with chemotherapy, radiotherapy and who underwent a bone marrow transplant showed the highest average of dental anomalies per person (15,37 ± 15,03), with no statistic difference concerning gender. The children treated for ALL had DMF-T of 1,9 ± 4,0, RGB of 26,5%, RVDP of 72,0%, and average salivary flow of 0,19 mL/min child. But the healthy children group showed DMF-T of 1,52 ± 3,5, RGB of 11,1%, RVDP of 53,8% and average salivary flow of 0,27 mL/min. Conclusion: the treatment to cure ALL causes a significant increasing in the cases of dental anomalies, mainly in patients under chemotherapy and radiotherapy associated to bone marrow transplant, what requires from the oral surgeon, careful and specific clinical interventions, also considering the increased rates of RGB and RVDP. The disorders in the salivary glands during the treatment are not permanent in what concerns the salivary flow, that becomes normal again. The adequate orientation and care of these patients by the oral health team can keep their DMF-T rates in the patterns ruled by the World Health Organization.

Orientador: Angelica Maria Bicudo Zeferino / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T19:04:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Barros_CristianeNunes_M.pdf: 1355184 bytes, checksum: 6160066e2e0d4a19c1e6a6cb7836d550 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Os dois maiores problemas de Saúde Pública em Odontologia são a cárie dental e a doença periodontal, sendo a placa bacteriana, biofilme dental, a etiologia principal de tais doenças. O objetivo do estudo foi baseado no uso de duas linhas pedagógicas (Skinner e Vygotsky), verificando se a motivação estimularia a prevenção de placa bacteriana, provocando mudanças de hábitos bucais inadequados. A amostra contou com a participação de 111 escolares, de ambos os sexos, com idades de 06 a 08 anos, matriculados em uma Escola Municipal localizada na Zona Norte de São Paulo. Foram divididos em três grupos: A- baseado na linha pedagógica de Vygotsky; B- baseado na linha pedagógica de Skinner e C- controle. Como fatores essenciais para avaliação desta pesquisa, foram realizados três levantamentos epidemiológicos nos grupos. Para que as crianças participassem efetivamente do estudo, os pais/responsáveis aceitavam e autorizavam o Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido. Foi aplicada a técnica de escovação de Fones e o índice de placa bacteriana foi estimado pelo método simplificado, Índice de Higiene Oral Simplificado - IHO-S. Com os resultados, notamos que a prevalência de placa bacteriana diminuiu devido à motivação obtida por meio das duas linhas pedagógicas e pela aquisição do kit de escovação / Abstract: The two biggest problems of Public Health in Odontology are the dental caries and the periodontal illness, being dental the bacterial plaque, biofilm, and the main etiology of such illnesses. The objective of the study was based on the use of two pedagogical lines (Skinner and Vygotsky), verifying if the motivation would stimulate the prevention of bacterial plaque, provoking changes of inadequate oral habits. The sample counted on the participation of 111 pertaining to school, the both sex, with ages from 06 to 08 years old, registered in a Municipal School located in the North Zone of Sao Paulo city. They had been divided in three groups: A- Based in the pedagogical line of Vygotsky; B- based in the pedagogical line of Skinner and C- control. As essential factors for evaluation of this research, three surveys had been carried through epidemiologists in the groups. So that the children participated effectively of the study, the responsible parents/accepted and authorized the Term of Free and Clarified Assent. The brushing technique of Phones was applied and the index of bacterial plaque was esteem by the simplified method, Oral Index of Hygiene Simplified - OHI-S. With the results, we noticed that the prevalence of bacterial plaque decreased due to motivation achieved by means of the two pedagogical lines and for the acquisition of the brushing kit / Mestrado / Saude da Criança e do Adolescente / Mestre em Saude da Criança e do Adolescente

Indivíduos com fissuras labiopalatinas frequentemente apresentam dificuldade em realizar higiene bucal adequada, apresentando maior acúmulo de placa bacteriana com consequente desequilíbrio microbiano na cavidade bucal; assim, clinicamente tornam-se considerados pacientes de alto risco para cárie dentária e doença periodontal. O controle de placa é particularmente importante no período pós-operatório do enxerto alveolar secundário, com vistas a evitar infecção pós-operatória, manter a saúde do periodonto de proteção e por consequência promover melhor reparo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a efetividade de um dentifrício com digluconato de clorexidina a 0,12% sobre a saúde bucal em indivíduos com fissuras labiopalatinas durante o período pós-operatório após enxerto alveolar secundário. Um estudo duplo cego foi realizado em 20 indivíduos aleatoriamente divididos em dois grupos (A e B). Indivíduos do grupo A (controle) receberam dentifrício convencional e indivíduos do grupo B um dentifrício à base de clorexidina a 0,12%; sendo para ambos distribuídos escovas de dente de cabeça pequena e cerdas extramacias, acrescido de instruções de higiene bucal a ser realizada três vezes ao dia (manhã, após o almoço e antes de dormir). Os indivíduos foram avaliados em dois períodos, pré-operatório e pós-operatório tardio (após três meses), nos quais foram clinicamente avaliados os índices gengival, de placa, CPOD, ceod, manchamento dentário, além da ocorrência de alterações no paladar. A análise estatística para avaliação dos parâmetros índice gengival, índice de placa, CPOD, ceod para ambos os grupos revelou ausência de diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os grupos, e entre os períodos do estudo para ambos os grupos. Apenas uma criança, a qual fez uso do dentifrício A, relatou alteração no paladar durante o período correspondente. Em todos os exames clínicos realizados não foram diagnosticados qualquer tipo de manchamento dentário indicativo de associação com o uso de clorexidina. Por conseguinte, de acordo com os resultados deste estudo, destaca-se a importância e influência positiva da atenção individualizada durante o processo de ensino da técnica de escovação, principalmente por tratar-se de procedimento cirúrgico dirigido ao público infantil ou pré-adolescente, estando a responsabilidade da execução correta dos cuidados operatórios incumbidas aos seus responsáveis. / Individuals with cleft lip and palate often present difficulty to perform adequate oral hygiene, presenting greater dental plaque accumulation with consequent microbial imbalance in the oral cavity; therefore, they were clinically considered high risk individuals for dental caries and periodontal disease. Plaque control is particularly important in the postoperative period after secondary alveolar graft, aiming to avoid postoperative infection, maintain the periodontal health and consequently promote better repair. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a dentifrice containing 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate on the oral health of individuals with cleft lip and palate during the postoperative period after secondary alveolar graft. A double blind study was conducted on 20 individuals randomly divided in two groups (A and B). Individuals in group A (control) received conventional dentifrices, and individuals in group B received a dentifrice containing 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. Individuals in both groups received small head toothbrushes with extra-soft bristles, as well as oral hygiene instructions for toothbrushing three times a day (at morning, after lunch and before sleep). The individuals were analyzed in two periods, namely preoperative and late postoperative (after three months), comprising evaluation of gingival index, plaque index, DMFT, dmft, tooth staining, as well as the occurrence of taste changes. Statistical analysis for the variables gingival index, plaque index, DMFT and dmft for both groups revealed no statistically significant difference between groups, and between the study periods for both groups. Only one individual, in group A, reported taste changes during the study period. No tooth staining indicating association with the utilization of chlorhexidine was observed in the clinical examinations. This study highlighted the importance and positive influence of individualized care for toothbrushing instructions, especially considering that this surgical procedure is usually performed in children or pre-teens, under responsibility of proper accomplishment of postoperative care measured by their caregivers.

É expressiva a quantidade de idosos brasileiros que usam ou necessitam de próteses totais dentárias e que não possuem orientações mínimas sobre higienização das próteses e saúde oral. É preciso planejar e desenvolver novos materiais educacionais, que busquem, por meio da interatividade, promover um efetivo aprendizado e mudança comportamental. Mudanças comportamentais não dependem apenas da disponibilização da informação, é preciso construir um processo que favoreça essa mudança. Por isso, foi criado um modelo de saúde oral específico que reúna recursos de multimeios em comunicação para promover aprendizado e motivação para melhoria da saúde oral e manutenção de próteses totais dentárias. Nessa pesquisa, para explicar os aspectos fundamentais da higienização, houve o desenvolvimento e a integração de material impresso de reforço, vídeo educacional motivacional, objetos de aprendizagem (sequências de computação gráfica em três dimensões - Projeto Homem Virtual) e ambiente de aprendizagem interativo. O ambiente de teleducação utilizado foi o Cybertutor, desenvolvido pela Disciplina de Telemedicina da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo e hospedado no site www.telessaudesp.org.br, que fez parte da estratégia para instrução dos multiplicadores e formação de uma rede de colaboração de aprendizagem. Este modelo, aplicado na cidade de Tatuí (SP-Brasil), com acompanhamento durante 06 meses, treinou pessoas da comunidade (multiplicadores) para que ensinassem aos idosos sobre assuntos relacionados à saúde oral. Como resultado, os multiplicadores mudaram algum comportamento em relação ao cuidado com a saúde oral, ensinaram o que aprenderam e realizaram atividades em suas comunidades. Em relação aos idosos, relataram ter aprendido algo novo relacionado à saúde oral, ter melhorado a higiene oral e da prótese total dentária e ensinaram o que aprenderam para mais alguma pessoa, tornando-se igualmente multiplicadores. Multiplicadores e idosos participantes mudaram suas opiniões e melhoram seus conhecimentos sobre saúde oral. A perspectiva é a utilização deste modelo em rede de telessaúde em atenção primária e em atividades que utilizem teleducação interativa para difundir conhecimentos. / The amount of Brazilians elderly who use or need total dental prostheses and do not have any minimal instruction about prostheses cleaning and oral health is expressive. It is necessary to plan and develop new interactive educational materials, which seek to promote an effective learning and behavioral change. This change not just depends on the information availability but it is necessary to build a process that will favor that change. Therefore, was created a specific oral health model that gathers multi-means communication resources to promote learning and motivation to improve oral health and maintenance of total dental prostheses. In this research, to explain the fundamental aspects of hygiene, a strengthen printed matter, motivational education video, learning objects (3D computational graphic sequences - Virtual Man Project) and an interactive learning environment was developed and integrated. The educational environment used was the Cybertutor, developed by the Discipline of Telemedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, and hosted on the website www.telessaudesp.org.br, as a part of a strategy for multipliers instruction and creation of a net of learning collaboration. This model has been implemented in the city of Tatuí (Sao Paulo, Brazil), with monitoring for 06 months, and allowed training the community\'s people (multipliers) to teach the elderly issues related to oral health. As a result, the multipliers changed some habit about the mouth care, taught what they learned, and accomplished activities in their communities. Regarding the elders, they reported having learned something new, also reported that have improved the mouth hygiene and the hygiene of the total dental prosthesis, and taught for any further person what they have learned, becoming also multipliers. Multipliers and elderly participants changed habits and improve their knowledge on oral health. The perspective is to use this model in telehealth network for primary care and activities that apply interactive tele-education to diffuse knowledge.

The prevalence of oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis and the universal need for effective control of oral health has stimulated a great deal of interest in oral hygienic formulations both scientifically and commercially driven. Such formulations are normally deployed as complex formulations commonly containing antimicrobial actives together with excipients, where both classes of ingredients may contribute to the bacteriological effect of the oral hygienic product. However, the mode of action and/or the bacteriological and microecological effects of exposure of microorganisms to oral hygiene products are poorly understood. In this context, this doctoral dissertation represents a series of investigations to contribute to knowledge in the area. The impact of selected oral antimicrobial actives (triclosan, sodium lauryl sulphate, stannous fluoride and zinc lactate) on a key aspect of bacterial cellular membrane function was investigated. This involved measuring major cellular respiratory pathways during exposure to the test agents using two types of tetrazolium dyes possessing different redox potentials as respiration pathway indicators. Spectrophotometric analyses indicated that sub-lethal levels of triclosan and sodium lauryl sulphate act as uncoupling agents, an observation not previously been reported. Sub-lethal concentrations of stannous fluoride and zinc lactate however, blocked cellular respiration with resulting shifts towards glycolytic/fermentative pathways. The contribution of a variety of test agents to the overall antimicrobial effect of a complex formulation (Listerine®) was investigated in order to understand the relative efficacy of the actives. This was achieved by testing the essential oils present in the formulation singly and in combination utilising in vitro models. The use of the hydroxyapatite disc model (HDM) to grow salivary microcosms to test the efficacy of the ingredients revealed hitherto unreported synergistic activity between the active ingredients thymol and menthol. Proprietary dentifrices (Colgate Total® and Crest ProHealth®) containing the antimicrobial agents triclosan or stannous fluoride/zinc lactate, respectively, were comparatively evaluated. This was performed by simultaneously establishing salivary microcosms in Sorbarod Biofilm Devices (SBDs). Following the establishment of dynamic steady-states, paired devices were dosed with each of the two proprietary dentifrices. Bacteriological data generated after multiple dosing indicated that both dentifrices were comparably effective in the reduction of all tested bacterial functional groups in the plaque models. However, data generated using HDM models indicated greater reductions in Gram-negative anaerobes after exposure to Colgate total®. The observations presented in this thesis may contribute to the development of oral formulations with optimised antimicrobial efficacies against adventitious pathogens present in the oral cavity and help in reducing the incidence of oral diseases and potentially related systemic interface.

Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent) / The aim of the research was to determine oral health status, knowledge, attitude and practicesv regarding oral hygiene among pregnant women attending Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan.

Clinical performance assessment (CPA), which includes performance criteria, that define what students are expected to learn and practically demonstrate, is used to declare students competent by determining their level of skill. The purpose of this research was to explore student perceptions on the clinical assessment and how assessment contributed to enhancement of competency, and was driven by the question “How do oral hygiene students’ perceptions on clinical performance assessment (CPA) influence their learning experience?” A qualitative approach was followed, rooted in an interpretivist paradigm, using a case study design. The sample consisted of all 19 second-year oral hygiene students who wrote a narrative, and four of the 19 students with whom semi-structured interviews were held. Data was collected by asking the students to write the narratives, and after analysis thereof, the interviews were held. Data was analyzed throughout the data collection process, using a coding framework. The oral hygiene students understood that CPA tested their clinical skills as well as their theoretical knowledge, measures progression and improvement. They expressed negativity about the assessors' inconsistent use of performance criteria, inadequate feedback, and the unprofessional relationship of certain assessors with them. These issues led to frustration, confusion, and demotivation, and impacted negatively on students' learning and competency. Being humiliated in front of the patient or being shouted at led to demotivation. Students coped with assessment by adapting to what an assessor wanted, focusing on patient feedback, and just accepting the results. Students recommended that there be more feedback and discussion with the assessor about strengths and weaknesses. This was how they learned and became competent. They should be allowed to express an opinion and discuss issues with the assessor. / Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Curriculum Studies / unrestricted

Background: Good oral health is fundamental to general health and well-being. Being in a dependent situation can result in lack of managing your own self-care which can lead to impaired oral health. Patients seem to be quite satisfied with their oral health but the assessment tool ROAG (Revised oral assessment guide) shows the opposite: that the oral standard is more inferior than the patients estimate. To ensure patients need of care, it is important to problematize and discuss oral health in the daily nursing care. Health personnel face dependent people in all kinds of health care. Registered nurses have the responsibility for nursing care and a role in leading the health personnel staff. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe health personnel's experience of working with oral health. Method: A literature-based study was performed with the analysis of seven qualitative articles. Results: The result consists of two main themes and six subthemes. The first main theme describes conditions to provide oral health. The second main theme describe barriers to provide oral health. The subthemes of the first main theme describe knowledge and earlier experiences. The subthemes of the second main theme describe the different barriers; insufficient knowledge, lack of time and resources, lack of support and routines, intrusion on someone's private sphere. These themes describe the health personnel's experience, working with oral health. Conclusion: The result shows that the health personnel need continuous education, clear routines and satisfactory resources. The oral cavity is seen as something private and it is easy to violate the patient's integrity.

Orientador: Rubens Nisie Tango / Coorientador: João Carlos da Rocha / Banca: Symone Cristina Teixeira / Banca: João Paulo Barros Machado / Resumo: A realidade cotidiana de uma pessoa com necessidades especiais (PNE) e de seus responsáveis ou cuidadores é cercada de desafios impostos pelos diferentes impedimentos ou restrições apresentadas. A dificuldade de se executar uma higienização oral adequada, muitas vezes por causa dos comprometimentos motores do PNE, impedem a abertura e manutenção da boca em posição colaborativa para os movimentos escovatórios provocando agravamento do quadro de saúde bucal. A pesquisa desenvolve um novo produto acessório e inovador chamado de dedeira rígida que proporciona a abertura e estabilização da boca em posição aberta de forma segura, confortável e facilitada, possibilitando as práticas de higienização oral da PNE pelos seus responsáveis. Os testes em voluntária com paralisia cerebral, realizados com o uso do protótipo da dedeira, prototipado em material ABS Plus (copolímero de acrilonitrila butadieno estireno), provaram sua efetividade e eficiência, proporcionando adequadamente a escovação dental com o uso da escova dental e pasta. Os objetivos da proposta foram não só alcançados, viabilizando a introdução, movimentação da escova livremente na boca e visualização do interior da cavidade bucal, como também se mostrou possível sua abrangência de utilização por outros profissionais da saúde, como cirurgião dentista e enfermeiros. A aceitação da paciente voluntária foi total, bem como de sua responsável, que pode perceber as facilitações de utilidade e segurança que a dedeira proporciona. ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The daily reality of a person with special needs and their guardians or caregivers is surrounded by challenges imposed by the different impediments or restrictions presented. The difficulty of performing adequate oral hygiene, often due to the motor impairment, prevents the opening and maintenance of the mouth in a collaborative position for the brush movements causing worsening of oral health. The research develops a new and innovative accessory product called rigid finger that provides the opening and stabilization of the mouth in an open position safely, comfortably and easily, enabling the oral hygiene practices by their guardians in a person with special needs. The tests in volunteers with cerebral palsy, performed using the prototype of the rigid finger, prototyped in ABS Plus material (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer), proved its effectiveness and efficiency, providing adequate brushing with the use of toothbrush and paste. The objectives of the proposal were not only achieved, enabling the introduction, movement of the brush freely in the mouth and visualization of the interior of the oral cavity, but it was also possible its use by other health professionals such as dental surgeon and nurses. The acceptance of the volunteer patient was complete, as well as that of her guardian, who can perceive the facilitations of usefulness and safety that the rigid finger provides. The difficulties found are related to the exchange the rigid finger to the other hand of t... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre