Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-73). Also available in print.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--University of Hong Kong, 1996. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-113). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of South Florida, 1995. / "UMI number: 9528014." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-114).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references.

Major applied research project (Ed. D.)--Nova Southeastern University, 1996. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 65-71).

We consider two broad categories of incentives by which a manufacturer can motivate its retailers to provide high customer satisfaction: 1) manufacturer assistance that reduces the retailer's cost of providing customer satisfaction (CS assistance); and 2) customer satisfaction index (CSI) bonus. We show that if a retailer has a long-term orientation, CS assistance is a more effective coordination mechanism that induces the retailer to expend more effort at customer satisfaction. However if the retailer has a short-term orientation, CSI bonus is a more effective coordination mechanism. We then show that a long-term retailed is more valuable to a manufacturer than a short-term oriented one. Finally, we show that the use of CSI incentives results in greater profits for both the manufacturer and the retailer.

Le lycée professionnel a été créé dans l’objectif de faire un équilibre entre l’institution scolaire et le monde du travail, afin de fournir des mains d’œuvres. Ainsi, cette création a connu des changements en suivant les développements économiques et sociaux. Le lycée professionnel comporte deux types de formation : une théorique et l’autre professionnelle. Ce mélange de formations constitue la singularité du lycée professionnel dans l’enseignement secondaire. Entre ces deux types de formations les élèves de lycée professionnel vivent leur expérience scolaire. Cette expérience est l’ensemble de plusieurs facteurs: l’origine sociale des élèves, le niveau scolaire, le groupe de camarades, le type d’établissement, etc. Cette recherche s’est penchée sur l’exploration de l’expérience des élèves, issus de la classe de troisième, au sein de trois lycées professionnels se distinguant par la spécialité.Pour mieux comprendre cette expérience, nous avons rendu compte de trois points : les caractéristiques des élèves qui fréquentent les trois lycées professionnels, l’orientation vers le lycée professionnel, et le choix d’une spécialité en particulière, et les raisons données par les élèves à ce propos. Le troisième point est constitué par les rapports des élèves au savoir enseigné au lycée professionnel et à l’activité professionnelle. Ces trois axes d’investigation ont été menés auprès d’un échantillon composé par des élèves et des enseignants de trois lycées professionnels situés dans la région Alpes Maritimes, à travers un questionnaire distribué auprès des élèves, et des entretiens auprès des enseignants. / Vocational schools have been created with the purpose of establishing a balance between academic education and job-specific training, in order to reinforce the workforce. Thus, this institution has experienced several changes following the economic and social developments. Vocational schools impart two kinds of education: theoretical and professional training. This combination distinguishes the vocational education from other secondary education. Between these two kinds of training, vocational school students spend their scholar experience. This experience is a set of different factors: social background, grade level, group of classmates, school specialty, etc.The present work focuses on exploring the student scholar experience. It is conducted on students of the third grade, in three schools which are different by specialty.In order to get a better understanding of this experience, we study three points: The characteristics of students attending vocational schools, the orientation towards vocational school, and the choice of a job-specific training and how students explain their choice. The third point is specifically completed by the reports of students themselves. These three points were studied on a sample composed of students and teachers of three vocational schools located in the Alpes Maritimes region. Information was gathered through a questionnaire distributed to students, and interviews with teachers.

Grâce aux travaux de la Cour européenne des droits de l'homme et la Cour interaméricaine des droits de l'homme s'est consolidé un système de normes minimales des droits et des libertés qui, au fil du temps, à assurer la protection de l'individu d'une façon intégrale et quelle que soit son orientation sexuelle : aussi bien dans la sphère intime (sa vie privée et familiale) que dans la sphère publique, sur les plan politique et social, là où, en définitif leur identité est construite. Ceci, cependant, n'a pas été un processus pacifique, ni facile. Les conquêtes des droits, et leur protection se sont déroulés dans un scénario caractérisé par une certaine confrontation entre les Etats, jaloux de leur souveraineté et les tribunaux internationaux, garants de l'interprétation orthodoxe des droits et libertés énoncés dans les conventions. Pour cette raison, nous pouvons nous demander : quels sont les mécanismes que les juges supranationaux ont utilisés dans la pratique afin de limiter le pouvoir des autorités de l’État ? jusqu'à quel point ils ont la légitimité de le faire ? Pour répondre à ces questions, nous avons analysé les étapes et/ou les arrêts importants faisant jurisprudence qui ont été des éléments clés dans la reconnaissance du statut juridique des citoyens homosexuels. Nous avons examiné aussi, si ce statut est le résultat d'un consensus entre les États au sein du Conseil de l'Europe et l'Organisation des États américains ou, au contraire, elle est le résultat d'une interprétation indépendante des conventions internationales par les tribunaux de ces organisations. / Thanks to the work of the European Court of human rights and the Inter-American Court of human rights it has been consolidated a system of minimum standards of rights and freedoms which, over time, endeavours to ensure the protection of the individual in a comprehensive way and regardless of his/her sexual orientation: in the most intimate sphere (his/her private and family life), as well as, in the public sphere, at political and social levels, where, ultimately, their identities are constructed. This process, however, was not peaceful or easy. The struggle for rights and their protection takes places in an international scene characterised by a certain confrontation between States, jealous of their sovereignty and the international courts, guarantors of the orthodox interpretation of the rights and freedoms contained in the conventions. For this reason, we might ask ourselves: what are the mechanisms that the supranational judges have used to limit the power of the authorities of the State? To what extent the international courts are entitled to exercise this control? To answer these questions, we have analysed the steps and/or the leading cases which have entailed the key elements in the recognition of the legal status of homosexual citizens. We also have examined whether this status is the result of a consensus between States within the Council of Europe and the Organization of American States or, on the contrary, it is the result of an independent interpretation of international conventions by the courts of these organisations.

This study attempted to understand how personal and sociocultural factors related to heterosexual women's number of lesbian friends. The relationships between levels of Extraversion, homophobia, heterosexism, and opportunity for friendships, and the number of lesbian women identified as acquaintances were assessed to examine how these variables related to participants' reported number of lesbian friends. It was expected that Extraversion would positively correlate with number of lesbian friends while heterosexism and homophobia would negatively correlate with number of lesbian friends. The number of lesbian acquaintances one had was expected to moderate these relationships. Female Women's Studies students who identified as heterosexual completed items from the International Personality Item Pool, the Attitudes Toward Lesbians Scale, the Modern Homonegativity Scale, the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding Impression Management scale, a Number of Friends and Acquaintances form, and a demographics questionnaire using an internet-based survey host. To test the hypotheses, partial correlations and multiple regression analyses were conducted. It was found that heterosexism and homophobia but not extraversion were significantly related to the number of lesbian friends participants reported. The expected moderation by the reported number of lesbian acquaintances was not significant for any of these relationships. A number of exploratory analyses were conducted, which revealed a variety of interesting findings. The personality domain Openness was related to the reported number of lesbian friends, as were previous, positive experiences with lesbian women, and one's religious subscription. Conclusions can help future research improve social support for lesbian girls and women. Research should be extended to examine cross-orientation relationships among those of different social identities.

L’objectif de cette thèse est d’apporter de nouveaux éclairages théoriques et empiriques sur les mécanismes d’entrepreneuriat organisationnel, et plus précisément « orientation entrepreneuriale » (OE). Afin de mieux comprendre ce phénomène, cette dissertation est le fruit de quatre efforts successifs : - Identifier ce qu’est l’orientation entrepreneuriale en le distinguant de ce que ce n’est pas - Comprendre comment le construit « OE » s’intègre dans les principaux modèles d’entrepreneuriat organisationnel - Offrir une discussion critique en synthétisant et mappant les questions existantes, dévoilant qu’il y a en fait au moins quatre conceptualisations derrière « OE », parmi lesquelles la conceptualisation initiale de Miller (1983), ignorée ou incomprise. - Pour poursuivre dans l’intention de Miller, je propose une tamie dexono firmes selon leur gestalt d’OE, ainsi que les caractéristiques propres de chaque configuration. Par une meilleure compréhension du phénomène d’entrepreneuriat organisationnel, cette thèse propose de contribuer à la littérature en entrepreneuriat, en management stratégique, et en management. / The objective of my PhD is to better understand the theoretical and empirical mechanisms of organizational-level entrepreneurship, and more precisely “entrepreneurial orientation” (EO). To better comprehend the phenomenon, this dissertation is the succession of four research efforts: - Identify what entrepreneurial orientation is by distinguishing from what it is not (entrepreneurial management) - Understand how the EO construct fits into the main models of firm-level entrepreneurship - Furnish a critical discussion of EO through the synthesis and mapping of existing issues, to unveil that there are actually four conceptualizations behind the term “EO”, among which the original conceptualization by Miller (1983), gone unheard or misunderstood - In line with Miller’s initial intention, I offer a taxonomy of firms according to their gestalt of EO, and the characteristics of each configuration This dissertation aims at contributing to entrepreneurship literature, to strategic management, and to general management by improving our understanding of firm-level entrepreneurship in SMEs.