The development and management of heritage sites, including prehistorical and historical archaeological sites, trading posts and aboriginal traditional-use sites, is of interest to governments for their potential in the fields of tourism, youth employment and economic development. In Canada, the issues of rights, ownership and management decisions for such sites are still in contention as multiple cultures (Aboriginal, French, English) may have occupied and used these sites either successively or concurrently. The First Nations often have some claim to these sites as they are of the original culture, but the government ministries at national and provincial levels maintain some control via heritage legislation. Increasingly, the First Nations are exercising their claim to a voice in the development of such heritage resources, and co-management agreements appear to be the most successful arrangements. Examples of successfully co-managed projects will be evaluated with respect to future development in the cultural heritage sector and the prospects for a World Heritage site designation in the Great Lakes region will be examined.

The purpose of this research was to explore parenting strategies in cultural transmission of participating Muslim Moroccans immigrant parents residing in two areas of Quebec using a qualitative approach. In particular, this study highlighted the childrearing choices as the parents attempted to pass on their culture to the next generations in a cultural conflict context. Through focus group and semi-structure interviews, this study explored the participants' perceptions regarding their immigration struggles while providing an insider's view on their childrearing strategies in acculturation context. Three findings were made based on the analysed data as 1) identity ensuring cultural transmission; 2) cultural transmission strategies, and 3) culture integration strategies in sampled Muslim-Moroccan immigrant parents. The first finding of this study is that religious identity was ensured in cultural transmission in the sampled Muslim Moroccan immigrant parents living in a secular society. The religious identity was constructed through the parents’ connection and association with the Moroccan community, and their identity primacy of religion was over their ethnicity. Secondly, this study identified five strategies of cultural transmission used by the Moroccan participants to tackle the challenges from the host culture, which included cultural transmission within the family, transmitting culture values as a part of cultural transmission, ensuring their children attended Muslim schools, ensuring strong connections with the country of origin, and monitoring their children socialisation to limt the perceived threat to their cultural heritage from the host society. The third and final finding is about the biculturalism, secularization as adaptation and acculturation in culture integration strategies. The participating Muslim-Moroccan parents were attempting to face the host society challenges with limited openness and integration strategies. The culture integration strategies of the participants included their biculturalism strategies, their secularization as a form of adaptation, and their acculturation strategies. The implications of this study to future research, intervention strategies, and training or education of social workers were given at the end of this thesis. / Cette recherche, de type qualitative, a examiné comment des parents Marocains qui s’identifient majoritairement comme musulmans pratiquants et résidant dans deux régions du Québec, préservent et transmettent leurs valeurs culturelles à leurs enfants. En particulier, cette étude a mis en évidence leurs choix de stratégies d'éducation dans un contexte de conflit culturel. Les perceptions des participants ont été explorées par le biais de deux méthodes de collectes de données : des groupes de discussion ainsi que des entrevues semi-structurées. Les données de cette recherche ont identifiés trois aspects : 1) l'identité et les valeurs culturelles qu’ils souhaitent transmettent ; 2) Les stratégies de transmission culturelle, et 3) les stratégies d'intégration culturelle de ce groupe de parents Marocains. D’abord ces parents se donnent comme objectif prioritaire d’assurer la transmission de l'identité religieuse comme processus de base de la transmission culturelle. Le renforcement de l’identité religieuse auprès des enfants passe par la connexion et l'association des parents avec la communauté marocaine. Ainsi l’identité musulmane est perçue plus importante que l’appartenance ethnique. En second lieu, cette étude a mis en évidence cinq stratégies de transmission culturelle afin de relever les défis de conflits avec la culture d'accueil. Ces stratégies comprenaient des modes de transmission au sein même de la famille ; la transmission des valeurs en tant que partie intégrante de la transmission culturelle ; la fréquentation d’écoles musulmanes ; le maintien de liens étroits avec le pays d'origine ; et enfin,des méthodes qui contrôlent la socialisation de leurs enfants avec l’environnement externe, étant donné que ces parents perçoivent certaines valeurs et pratiques de la société d'accueil comme potentiellement menaçante. La troisième constatation de cette étude porte sur le biculturalisme et la sécularisation comme stratégies d’adaptation culturelle. En effet, les parents participants ont tenté de faire face aux défis d’adaptation à la société d'accueil par le biais de certaines stratégies d'ouverture et d'intégration, quoique relativement limitées. Enfin en guise de conclusion, des implications pour les recherches futures, les stratégies d'intervention ainsi que pour la formation ou l'éducation des travailleurs sociaux ont été identifiées