Bakgrund: Etisk stress uppstår när sjuksköterskan inte kan genomföra det hen anser är rätt på grund av institutionella hinder. Fenomenet är sannolikt lika gammalt som professionen, men definierades först på 80-talet av Andrew Jameton. Det är hans definition som används i uppsatsen. Sjuksköterskans arbetar nära patienten men arbetet sker också inom ramen för en organisation med hierarkier och krav på effektivitet. Yrkesrollen är starkt förknippad med att göra gott och hjälpa andra, men i en del situationer hindras sjuksköterskan från att leva upp till det på grund av yttre faktorer. Etisk stress är en av de individuella konsekvenserna av dessa situationer. Syfte: Att beskriva de situationer som orsakar etisk stress hos sjuksköterskor. Metod: För att uppnå syftet har en litteraturöversikt genomförts. En sökning efter relevanta artiklar som använt Jametons definition har gjorts i databaser. Artiklar med både kvalitativa och kvantitativa har använts. Elva artiklar har valts ut, bearbetats och analyserats. Studier från Asien, Europa, USA och Afrika har använts. Resultat: Utifrån de situationer som beskrevs i litteraturen kunde tre huvudteman urskiljas: etisk stress i möten med annan vårdpersonal (1), etisk stress i möten med anhöriga (2) och etisk stress i möten med strukturella omständigheter (3). Gemensamt för dessa möten är att de placerar sjuksköterskan i en trängd situation utan upplevda valmöjligheter. Diskussion: Etisk stress hos sjuksköterskor tolkades som ett uttryck för sjuksköterskans olika roller, den skyddande rollen nära patienten och den underordnade rollen gentemot läkarna. De situationer som skapade etisk stress upplevdes på liknande sätt i alla länder oavsett tillgången på resurser och andra yttre omständigheter. Resultatet diskuterades inom ramen för Orlandos teori om patientrelationens reflexiva natur och vårdandets praktik. Den etiska stressen placerades i ett större strukturellt sammanhang för att öka förståelsen för fenomenet och för att göra det möjligt att hitta institutionella lösningar på problemet. / Background: Moral distress arises when the nurse cannot implement a course of action that is considered to be right due to institutional restraints. This phenomenon is probably as old as the profession itself, yet it was first defined in the 80’s by Andrew Jameton. It is his definition that is used in this paper. The nurse is working close to the patient, the work also takes place within the frames of an organisation with hierarchies and demands of efficiency. The professional role is strongly associated with doing good and helping others, but in some situations the nurse is restrained from doing so due to external factors. Moral distress is one of the individual consequences of these situations. Aim: To describe situations that cause moral distress among nurses. Methods: To reach the aim a literature review was done. A search for relevant scientific articles that had used Jameton’s definition was done i databases. Articles with both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. Eleven articles were chosen, processed and analyzed. Studies taking place in Asia, Europe, USA and Africa were used in this literature review. Results: From the situations described in the literature three different main themes could be discerned: moral distress in encounters with other health care professions (1), with relatives (2) and with external circumstances (3). Common for these encounters is that they place the nurse in a constricted situation wtih the experience of having no choice. Discussion: Moral distress among nurses was interpreted as an expression of nurses' doubble roles; the protective role over to the patient and the subordinate role of the doctor. The situations that caused moral distress were experienced in similar ways in all countries where the studies took place regardless of the access of resources and other external circumstances. The result was also discussed in the context of Ida Jean Orlando's theory of patient relationships and the reflexive nature of caring practice. The moral distress was placed in a larger structural context to increase the understanding of the phenomenon and to make it possible to find institutional solutions to the problem.

Lasso was considered the greatest composer of his generation with undisputable mastery of all sixteenth-century genres. The dynamism of the late sixteenth century saw the most sophisticated compositions in the continuation of the psalm motet tradition. However, more flexible applications for the psalms in the form of meditations, vernacular translations, and paraphrases opened the door for new and diverse interpretations. This dissertation is a study of Lasso's engagement with established musical traditions and new trends in psalmody. This study unfolds in two parts. First in the discussion of the Latin psalm motet genre and then ensuing with investigation of the German Lied. In each of the genres (1) there is a focus on the definition and classification of terms and older traditions, (2) the examination of the text and the discussion of ways in which the music engages with the prose and poetic forms, and (3) the evaluation of Lasso's interpretation of psalm texts. From negligible German Lieder to expansive motet cycles, the psalms afforded endless polyphonic inspiration and the diversity of which categorically points to the shifts and development of cultural and aesthetic traditions. The use of psalms to reflect devotion and confession amplifies the Catholic Reform implemented at the Bavarian court during Lasso's lifetime. This context along with Lasso's compositional innovation provides an interesting study for the stylistic development of psalm settings in the late sixteenth century.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo destacar a importância da presença do personagem de cavalaria Orlando nas relações intertextuais que existem entre a obra de Italo Calvino e os clássicos da literatura italiana. Para tanto elaborou-se um histórico do personagem ao longo dessa tradição literária desde as canções de gesta até O Castelo dos Destinos Cruzados, tendo em vista o levantamento de características comuns entre as obras e os temas do amor e da loucura, que demonstram como tais variantes são retomadas ou modificadas ao longo do tempo, ou seja, a seleção dos elementos que apontam para uma reescritura da tradição literária cavaleiresca italiana. Mais especificamente foram analisados três poemas: La Chanson de Roland (1100), Orlando innamorato (1483) e Orlando furioso (1516), e duas narrativas escritas por Italo Calvino, La pazzia dOrlando, publicada no livro Orlando Furioso raccontato da Italo Calvino (1970), e História de Orlando louco de amor, em O castelo dos Destinos Cruzados (1973). / This study aims to show the importance of the presence of the cavalry character Orlando in an intertextual relation between Italo Calvinos literary work and the Italian literary classics. In order to reach this goal we elaborate the character history through out this literary tradition from the chanson de geste to The Castle of Crossed Destinies, regarding to mapping common features between the literary works and the literary topic of love and madness, that demonstrate how those variants are resumed or modify over time, in other words, the selection of elements that point to a rewriting of the Italian cavalry literary tradition. More specifically we analyzed three poems from the literary tradition: La Chanson de Roland (1100), Orlando innamorato (1483), Orlando furioso (1516), and two narratives written by Italo Calvino, La pazzia dOrlando, published in Orlando Furioso raccontato da Italo Calvino (1970), and Storia dellOrlando pazzo per amore, in the book The Castle of Crossed Destinies (1973).

Inaug.-Diss.--Würzburg. / Lebenslauf. "Literatur-verzeichnis": p. [85]-90.

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo destacar a importância da presença do personagem de cavalaria Orlando nas relações intertextuais que existem entre a obra de Italo Calvino e os clássicos da literatura italiana. Para tanto elaborou-se um histórico do personagem ao longo dessa tradição literária desde as canções de gesta até O Castelo dos Destinos Cruzados, tendo em vista o levantamento de características comuns entre as obras e os temas do amor e da loucura, que demonstram como tais variantes são retomadas ou modificadas ao longo do tempo, ou seja, a seleção dos elementos que apontam para uma reescritura da tradição literária cavaleiresca italiana. Mais especificamente foram analisados três poemas: La Chanson de Roland (1100), Orlando innamorato (1483) e Orlando furioso (1516), e duas narrativas escritas por Italo Calvino, La pazzia dOrlando, publicada no livro Orlando Furioso raccontato da Italo Calvino (1970), e História de Orlando louco de amor, em O castelo dos Destinos Cruzados (1973). / This study aims to show the importance of the presence of the cavalry character Orlando in an intertextual relation between Italo Calvinos literary work and the Italian literary classics. In order to reach this goal we elaborate the character history through out this literary tradition from the chanson de geste to The Castle of Crossed Destinies, regarding to mapping common features between the literary works and the literary topic of love and madness, that demonstrate how those variants are resumed or modify over time, in other words, the selection of elements that point to a rewriting of the Italian cavalry literary tradition. More specifically we analyzed three poems from the literary tradition: La Chanson de Roland (1100), Orlando innamorato (1483), Orlando furioso (1516), and two narratives written by Italo Calvino, La pazzia dOrlando, published in Orlando Furioso raccontato da Italo Calvino (1970), and Storia dellOrlando pazzo per amore, in the book The Castle of Crossed Destinies (1973).

With the increasing number of online streaming services available in the world, it is astounding to note how radio is still around maintaining excellent ratings and listener interaction. It is essential to analyze the media industry, and while there are many outlets a person is capable of accessing music, people still turn to their local radio. The literature indicates how the business of radio still exists with the primary competition of today. The study includes interviews from twelve radio professionals at Cox Media Group (CMG) Orlando, the home of seven different format radio stations. All interviewees hold a range of job titles/responsibilities, years of experience, and perspectives in the radio industry. The findings indicate that people still appreciate radio for the locality, resources, and recreational activities radio has to offer that in many ways, a streaming service cannot. The study exemplifies how although a media format may have been around for hundreds of years, it can still be relevant if it can adapt to the changes of today

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Homelessness is a layered issue, not only limited to social justice, but also impacting architectural and urban planning concerns. Treated as an identity rather than a temporary condition, many cities fail to address the complex variety of external factors which contribute to homelessness. The result often being budget-driven shelters congregated in already resource deficient, low income areas. The misconception that homelessness only happens in a city's poorest areas is rooted in prejudice and functions to only further prevent the same types of developments seen in more desirable neighborhoods. With a specific socioeconomic climate and disparity in Orlando, Florida, Parramore presents itself as an opportune place to provide a central downtown sanctuary that additionally will provide greater access to necessary services for the adjacent neighborhoods. A study of queer theory and ergonomics were an integral part of the design process. The former primarily concerned with the development of queer spaces from illicit "underground" safe havens of refuge built out of a necessity to exist freely in space (a precursor to present-day DIY culture) to now transparent, integrated queer spaces existing almost indifferently to the naked eye. The emergent idea being that together, the community campus is intended as an accessible series of places, rather than a singularly defined one / Master of Architecture / Homelessness is a social issue which affects everyone. There is a long history of intolerance towards the homeless which is evidenced by discriminatory policies that prevent the homeless from existing in the public and/or stress a homeless individual's ability to access the necessary services needed to escape homelessness. Current housing assistance for the homeless are often limited by inconsistent access to services (e.g. healthcare, counseling, job assistance, etc.), traditional living arrangements, availability, accessibility, and budget-driven designs. Additionally, the social stigma around homelessness is counterproductive to a critically vulnerable group of people's recovery and re-assimilation into society. Supporting the development and design exploration of services such as permanent supportive housing is beneficial because it is a model focused on embedding users into the community through thoughtful and holistic design. (i.e. a housing assistance service which places chronically homeless individuals into market-rate apartments or similar residential dwelling; usually centrally located and/or connected to necessary services). Another important aspect of this thesis is exploring non-traditional sites for such projects as it is equally as important for city's to reassess the opportunity to renew areas lost to discriminatory planning. This thesis references various ideas, philosophies, and design strategies borrowed from similar vulnerable groups to establish connections and create a roadmap for how the architectural intervention will be developed for the specific user group and site context. It is my hope that this optimistic reimagining of lost spaces as sites for supportive housing and community can help redefine what and who homelessness is and shed light on how services could like moving forward into the future.

Durante o Renascimento Italiano, em meio a uma situação de guerras e de incertezas, em uma sociedade cortesã permeada de relações aparentes motivadas por interesses políticos e pessoais, surge o Orlando Furioso, uma novela de cavalaria trabalhada durante quase trinta anos por Ludovico Ariosto, literato da corte de Ferrara que dedica seu poema a Ippolito dEste, seu senhor e mecenas. Embora se trate de uma novela de cavalaria. Ariosto deixa nela marcas que nos ajudam a entender um pouco da sociedade em que autor e obra estavam inseridos, por meio, sobretudo, das reflexões do narrador, o qual se coloca como personagem pertencente a uma sociedade historicamente determinada. Essa mistura espácio-temporal acaba concedendo um caráter paródico ao texto ariostesco. Diante disso, nosso estudo tem como objetivo analisar o comportamento contraditório da voz narrativa (que ora se mostra onisciente, ora se compara aos cavaleiros carolíngios errantes) e da principal personagem feminina do Furioso, Angélica, buscando relacionar tal comportamento com o meio social em que se dá a composição da obra e ao qual o próprio narrador demonstra pertencer / During Italian Renaissance, in the midst of a war situation and uncertainties, in a courtesan society permeated with apparent relationships motivated by political and personal interests comes Orlando Furioso, a novel of chivalry worked for nearly thirty years for Ludovico Ariosto, literati at the court of Ferrara, who dedicates his poem to Ippolito dEste, his master and patron. Despite being a novel of chivalry, Ariosto leaves marks on it that help us understand a little of the society in which author and work were inserted through mainly reflections of the narrator which arises as historically determined character; this spatiotemporal mixture just granted a parodic character to the text of Ariosto. Before that, our study aims to analyze the ambiguous behavior of narrative voice (that either shows itself omniscient, or compares itself to Carolingian knights errant) and the main female character of the Furioso, Angelica, seeking to relate such behavior to the social environment in which it gives the composition of the work to which the narrator demonstrates belong

Com o intuito de contribuir para os estudos sobre a história do pensamento geográfico no Brasil, este trabalho apresenta a análise da produção científica de Orlando Valverde (1917-2006), primeiro geógrafo contratado pelo CNG (Conselho Nacional de Geografia) em 1937, no Rio de Janeiro. Particularmente dedicado à análise de seus escritos elaborados entre 1942 a 1964, busca compreendê-los baseando-se em quatro eixos bibliográficos complementares e essenciais, ou seja, sócio-político, institucional (CNG/IBGE) e intelectual e, quando demonstrou-se salutar para depreender o posicionamento político-ideológico do autor, metodológico. Entre os resultados obtidos, defende-se que o discurso geográfico valverdiano apresenta influências significativas das políticas lideradas por Getúlio Vargas durante o Estado Novo (1937-1945) relativas aos temários colonização, povoamento e agricultura. Ademais, tanto no que tange à eleição de temas quanto na forma de tratamento, demonstra-se como a produção científica do geógrafo manteve estreitas relações com o pensamento nacional-desenvolvimentista gestado mais pronunciadamente a partir do segundo governo de Getúlio Vargas (1951-1954) e como nela encontram-se certas reservas políticas do geógrafo com relação ao tratamento dedicado à questão agrária durante o governo de Juscelino Kubitschek (1956-1961). A compreensão desses aspectos foi efetuada partindo-se dos próprios escritos do autor e, por intermédio das evidências neles coletadas, a pesquisa as comparou e interpretou mediante os elementos de conjuntura circundantes à sua produção. / In order to contribute to geographical thought in Brazil the aim of this work is to assess the scientific production of Orlando Valverde, the first geographer hired by CNG (National Council of Geography) on 1937, in Rio de Janeiro. Particularly dedicated to the analyzes of his paper\'s written from 1942 to 1964, this assessesments takes four forms: social-politics, institutional, intelectual and methodological (on the bases of author?s politic-ideologic position). We realized that Valverde geographic discourse represents significative influence of Getúlio Vargas politics on the New State regarding colonization, settlement and agriculture. Furthermore, not only the election of subjects but also the way of treatment shows that the geograper\'s scientific production was closely tied to national developmental thoughts mainly after Getúlio Vargas second government (1951-1954). The geographer presents also some political critics regarding to the agrarian issue Juscelino Kubitschek\'s (1956-1961) government (1956-1961). The comparative and interpretative analysis was done considering the context of the geographer production.