Orientadores: Dimitar Kolev Dimitrov, Roberto Andreani / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T03:16:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paschoa_VanessaGoncalves_D.pdf: 5593991 bytes, checksum: 19d08bd15df6ca11bb499a3d2de6db5d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Neste trabalho estudamos o comportamento de zeros de polinômios ortogonais clássicos de variável discreta. Provamos que certas funções que envolvem os zeros dos polinômios de Charlier, Meixner, Kravchuck e Hahn são funções monótonas dos parâmetros dos quais os correspondentes polinômios dependem. Com esse resultado obtemos novos limitantes extremamente precisos para os zeros dessas famílias de polinômios em função dos zeros dos polinômios ortogonais clássicos, que são mais estudados. Analisamos quais são os melhores limitantes explícitos para os zeros desses polinômios e aplicamos aos nossos resultados, obtendo assim limitantes explícitos para os zeros dos polinômios de Charlier, Meixner, Kravchuck e Hahn. São feitas comparações entre os nossos resultados e os melhores resultados encontrados na literatura para os zeros desses polinômios e verifica-se que nossos limitantes são, em uma grande parte, melhores. Devido à sua grande aplicabilidade, um estudo ainda mais minucioso foi feito para os zeros dos polinômios de Gram, um caso particular de Hahn, que resultou em limitantes para os zeros dos polinômios de Gram. Experimentos numéricos comprovam a qualidade dos resultados / Abstract: In this thesis we study the behavior of zeros of classical orthogonal polynomials of discrete variable. We prove that certain functions which involve the zeros of polynomials of Charlier, Meixner, Kravchuck and Hahn are monotonic with respect to the parameters on which the polynomials depend. As a consequence of these results we obtain new extremely precise limits for the zeros of the above polynomials in terms of zeros of classical orthogonal polynomials of continuous variable which have been studied thoroughly. We analyze the best bounds for the latter zeros and apply them to obtain explicit limits for the zeros of the polynomials of Charlier, Meixner, Kravchuck and Hahn. Comparisons with the best results known in the literature show that our results are better in most of the cases. Due to its applications, we perform a very detailed study of the zeros of Gram polynomials / Doutorado / Matematica Aplicada / Doutor em Matemática Aplicada

Orientador: Alagacone Sri Ranga / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T19:37:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Felix_HeronMartins_D.pdf: 783541 bytes, checksum: cea4459f391a5da7e61d9cff02244ec0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O objetivo do presente trabalho se divide em duas partes: na primeira, estudaremos uma regra de quadratura interpolatória sobre os zeros de polinômios núcleo obtidos a partir de uma sequência de polinômios L-ortogonais, oferecendo técnicas numéricas para a obtenção dos nós e pesos dessa regra de quadratura. Na segunda parte, forneceremos uma caracterização dos polinômios de Szegö em termos de duas sequências reais, dentre as quais uma é sequência encadeada. Tal caracterização afeta a relação entre os polinômios núcleo e os polinômios ortogonais no círculo unitário aos quais estes estão associados / Abstract: The main goal of the present work falls under two parts: firstly, we'll study a quadrature rule over the zeros of the kernel polynomials obtained from a sequence of L-orthogonal polynomials, offering numerical techniques for evaluating the nodes and weights of such quadrature rule. Secondly, we'll give a characterization for Szegö polynomials in terms of two real sequences, in which one is a chained sequence. Such characterization influences the connection between the kernel polynomials and the related orthogonal polynomials over the unit circle / Doutorado / Matematica Aplicada / Doutor em Matemática Aplicada

The Hellmann-Feynman theorem is presented together with certain allied theorems. The origin of the Hellmann-Feynman theorem in quantum physical chemistry is described. The theorem is stated with proof and with discussion of applicability and reliability. Some adaptations of the theorem to the study of the variation of zeros of special functions and orthogonal polynomials are surveyed. Possible extensions are discussed.

This thesis is an extension of the development of orthogonal statistics which can be used to investigate sampling properties of moment estimators. This work is particularized for estimators of parameters of the negative binomial distribution. / Master of Science

Orientador: Eliana Xavier Linhares de Andrade / Banca: Fernando Akira Kurokawa / Banca: Cleonice Fátima Bracciali / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é fazer um estudo das propriedades de duas sequências de polinômios, {Pϕ0 n }∞ n=0 e {Pϕ1 n }∞ n=0, ortogonais com relação, respectivamente, às medidas dϕ0 e dϕ1, relacionadas entre si, e das propriedades de duas sequências de polinômios L-ortogonais, {Bψ0 n }∞ n=0 e {Bψ1 n }∞ n=0, quando as medidas associadas, dψ0 e dψ1, est˜ao tamb'em relacionadas. Para os polinômios ortogonais, foram considerados dois casos: polinômios ortogonais associados a medidas simétricas relacionadas por dϕ1(x) = c 1 + qx2 dϕ0(x) e polinˆomios ortogonais associados a medidas relacionadas por (x − q) dϕ1(x) = c dϕ0(x). Como exemplo, os resultados foram aplicados no estudo de polinˆomios ortogonais de Sobolev associados a medidas simétricas como os de Gegenbauer e Hermite, e medidas não simétricas como as de Jacobi e Laguerre. Para os polinômios L-ortogonais, considerou-se o estudo de duas sequências de polinômios associados a medidas positivas fortes dψ0 e dψ1 relacionadas por (z − κ) dψ1(z) = c dψ0(z). Como consequência dessas propriedades, algoritmos para gerar qualquer um dos pares de coeficientes das relações de recorrência, {αψ0 n , βψ0 n } ou {αψ1 n , βψ1 n }, dado o outro, foram dados. / Abstract: The main purpose of this work is to study some properties of two sequences of polynomials, {Pϕ0 n }∞ n=0 and {Pϕ1 n }∞ n=0, orthogonal, respectively, with respect to the related measures dϕ0 and dϕ1, and properties of two sequences of L-orthogonal polynomials, {Bψ0 n }∞ n=0 and {Bψ1 n }∞ n=0, when the associated measures, dψ0 and dψ1, are also related. For the orthogonal polynomials, we considered two cases: orthogonal polynomials associated with symmetric measures related to each other by dϕ1(x) = c 1 + qx2 dϕ0(x) and orthogonal polynomials associated with measures related by (x − q) dϕ1(x) = c dϕ0(x). As examples, the results are applied to obtain informations regarding Sobolev orthogonal polynomials associated with symmetric measures as Gegenbauer and Hermite measures, and non-symmetrical measures such as Jacobi and Laguerre measures. For the L-orthogonal polynomials, we considered the study of two sequences of polynomials associated with strong positive measures dψ0 and dψ1 and related to each other by (z −κ) dψ1(z) = c dψ0(z). As a consequence of these properties, algorithms to generate any pair of coefficients of the recurrence relations, {αψ0 n , βψ0 n } or {αψ1 n , βψ1 n }, given the other, were given. / Mestre

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / In this dissertation the partition function, $Z_n$, for the six-vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions is solved in the thermodynamic limit in various regions of the phase diagram. In the ferroelectric phase region, we show that $Z_n=CG^nF^{n^2}(1+O(e^{-n^{1-\ep}}))$ for any $\ep>0$, and we give explicit formulae for the numbers $C, G$, and $F$. On the critical line separating the ferroelectric and disordered phase regions, we show that $Z_n=Cn^{1/4}G^{\sqrt{n}}F^{n^2}(1+O(n^{-1/2}))$, and we give explicit formulae for the numbers $G$ and $F$. In this phase region, the value of the constant $C$ is unknown. In the antiferroelectric phase region, we show that $Z_n=C\th_4(n\om)F^{n^2}(1+O(n^{-1}))$, where $\th_4$ is Jacobi's theta function, and explicit formulae are given for the numbers $\om$ and $F$. The value of the constant $C$ is unknown in this phase region. In each case, the proof is based on reformulating $Z_n$ as the eigenvalue partition function for a random matrix ensemble (as observed by Paul Zinn-Justin), and evaluation of large $n$ asymptotics for a corresponding system of orthogonal polynomials. To deal with this problem in the antiferroelectric phase region, we consequently develop an asymptotic analysis, based on a Riemann-Hilbert approach, for orthogonal polynomials on an infinite regular lattice with respect to varying exponential weights. The general method and results of this analysis are given in Chapter 5 of this dissertation.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this dissertation, we study the Sturm Liouvile's theorems for the zeros of the solutions of linear differential equations of second order. These classical theorems are applied to analysis of the monotonicity of functions involving the zeros of classical orthogonal polynomials. in particular, Gegenbauer polynomials. / Neste trabalho estudamos os Teoremas de Sturm Liouville para zeros de soluções de equações diferenciais lineares de segunda ordem. Estes teoremas clássicos são aplicados para análise do crescimento e decrescimento de certas funções que envolvem os zeros de Polinômios Ortogonais Clássicos, como os Polinômios de Gegenbauer. / Mestre em Matemática

In this thesis, a fairly detailed survey on the q-classical orthogonal polynomials of the Hahn class is presented. Such polynomials appear to be the bounded solutions of the so called qhypergeometric difference equation having polynomial coefficients of degree at most two. The central idea behind our study is to discuss in a unified sense the orthogonality of all possible polynomial solutions of the q-hypergeometric difference equation by means of a qualitative analysis of the relevant q-Pearson equation. To be more specific, a geometrical approach has been used by taking into account every posssible rational form of the polynomial coefficients, together with various relative positions of their zeros, in the q-Pearson equation to describe a desired q-weight function on a suitable orthogonality interval. Therefore, our method differs from the standard ones which are based on the Favard theorem and the three-term recurrence relation.

Submitted by DANIEL OLIVEIRA VERONESE null (veronese@icte.uftm.edu.br) on 2016-07-27T16:57:24Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Daniel.pdf: 842310 bytes, checksum: 2518e6833497ee87b3cf404db2fca49a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Felipe Augusto Arakaki (arakaki@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-07-29T13:17:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 veronese_do_dr_sjrp.pdf: 842310 bytes, checksum: 2518e6833497ee87b3cf404db2fca49a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-29T13:17:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 veronese_do_dr_sjrp.pdf: 842310 bytes, checksum: 2518e6833497ee87b3cf404db2fca49a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-19 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Dado um par de sequências reais, sendo uma delas sequência encadeada positiva, podemos considerar uma sequência de polinômios que satisfazem uma relação de recorrência de três termos, de tal modo que os zeros destes polinômios sejam simples e estejam sobre o círculo unitário. Neste trabalho mostramos que é possível obter, a partir dessa fórmula de recorrência, uma única medida não trivial no círculo unitário. Provamos também que a sequência de polinômios gerados por essa relação de recorrência é uma sequência de polinômios para-ortogonais associados à medida obtida. Além disso, obtemos limitantes para os zeros extremos de tais polinômios e fornecemos estimativas para o suporte da medida associada. / Given a pair of real sequences, where one of them is a positive chain sequence, we can associate a sequence of polynomials which satisfy a three term recurrence formula and such that the zeros of these polynomials are simple and lie on the unit circle. In this manuscript, we show that, starting from this three term recurrence formula, it is always possible to obtain a unique nontrivial measure on the unit circle. We also prove that the generated sequence of polynomials is a sequence of para-orthogonal polynomials associated with this measure. Furthermore, we obtain bounds for the extreme zeros of these polynomials and also provide estimates for the support of the associated measure.

In this paper, there are three chapters. The first chapter discusses interpolation. Here a theorem about the uniqueness of the solution to the general interpolation problem is proven. Then the problem of how to represent this unique solution is discussed. Finally, the error involved in the interpolation and the convergence of the interpolation process is developed. In the second chapter a theorem about the uniform approximation to continuous functions is proven. Then the best approximation and the least squares approximation (a special case of best approximation) is discussed. In the third chapter orthogonal polynomials as discussed as well as bounded linear functionals in Hilbert spaces, interpolation and approximation and approximation in Hilbert space.