Global ETD Search

31	The Germ Theory of Dystopias: Fears of Human Nature in 1984 and Brave New World Harris, Clea D. 01 January 2015 (has links) This project is an exploration of 20th century dystopian literature through the lens of germ theory. This scientific principle, which emerged in the late 19th century, asserts that microorganisms pervade the world; these invisible and omnipresent germs cause specific diseases which are often life threatening. Additionally, germ theory states that vaccines and antiseptics can prevent some of these afflictions and that antibiotics can treat others. This concept of a pervasive, invisible, infection-causing other is not just a biological principle, though; in this paper, I argue that one can interpret it as an ideological framework for understanding human existence as a whole. Particularly, I believe that authors of prominent 20th century dystopian novels applied the tenets of germ theory in order to explore the potential “pathogens” that furtively exist within the human mind. These pseudo-germs are various human tendencies that, when left “untreated” by governments, create nonnormative members of society. In the eyes of dystopian regimes, it is precisely this nonnormativity that poses a lethal threat, in that it challenges the continued existence of society with the current ruling body at the helm. In this paper, I trace love (both sexual and familial) and individuation (as a function of social hierarchy, recreational activities, and the use of language) as social disease-causing pathogens in George Orwell’s 1984 and in Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World. Dystopia Germ theory Aldous Huxley George Orwell Disability theory Projected political fiction Children's and Young Adult Literature Diseases Gender and Sexuality Literature in English, British Isles Literature in English, North America Medical Humanities Modern Literature Other Mental and Social Health Political Theory Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance Virus Diseases
32	Unheard Voices: Black Adolescents' Perceptions of Mental Health In Urban Communities Ludden, Brian James 01 January 2017 (has links) Mental health in the United States is a rising concern. More concerning still is the growing number of children and adolescents with serious depression and other mental health disorders (SAMHSA, 2009; Merikangas et al., 2010). Despite a growing list of proven and best-practice prevention and intervention initiatives that have been made available to children and adolescents, 80 percent of children and adolescents with a diagnosable mental health disorder will not receive services for their associated mental health concerns (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 1999; Cummings 2014). Children and adolescents with mental health disorders are faced with an ever-increasing list of barriers that prevent them from accessing much needed mental health services. At a particular disadvantage are Black adolescents, who are even less likely than their non-minority peers to have access to or receive services for mental health concerns (Lindsey, Chambers, Pohle, Beall, & Lucksted, 2013). As result, this Q Methodology study was designed to understand the perspectives Black adolescents hold toward access to mental health care. The researcher first developed a naturalistic, 36-item Q Sample from participant responses to open-ended prompts designed to elicit distinct thoughts around perceptions of access to mental health care, including supports and barriers. Thirty Black adolescents sorted this 36-item Q sample in a forced distribution resembling a semi-normal curve ranging from “least like my perspective” (-4) to “most like my perspective” (+4) and also wrote explanations for why they sorted they ways they did. Subsequently, these 30 Q sorts were correlated and these correlations were factor analyzed, rotated, and extracted producing five factors. Based on an analysis of these five factors, or shared perspectives, they were named: Building My Own Barriers (Factor 1), I Don’t Talk About My Feelings! (Factor 2), I’m Looking For A Shift In My Perspective (Factor 3), Counseling When I Want It; Not Always From A Counselor (Factor 4), and Money Is The Least Of My Problems (Factor 5). These five factors represented distinct and diverse viewpoints toward the access to mental health counseling. A primary implication from this study was that school leaders and community leaders, educators, parents and caregivers, and policy-makers must find ways to decrease the barriers youth experience as they seek and attempt to participate in mental health counseling services, while working also to leverage the power of those things that support access. Thesis University of North Florida UNF Black Adolescents Mental Health Help-Seeking Q-Methodology Urban Communities Counseling Counselor Education Educational Leadership Epidemiology Health Services Research Mental and Social Health Other Mental and Social Health Psychiatric and Mental Health Social and Behavioral Sciences
33	An Analysis and Critique of Mental Health Treatment in American State Prisons and Proposal for Improved Care Hayne, Shelby 01 January 2019 (has links) Mental health treatment in state prisons is revealed to be highly variable, under-funded, and systematically inadequate. Existing literature exposes this injustice but fails to provide a comprehensive proposal for reform. This paper attempts to fill that gap, outlining a cost-effective, evidence-based treatment proposal, directly addressing the deficits in care revealed through analysis of our current system. In addition, this paper provides historical overviews of the prison system and mental health treatment, utilizing theoretical perspectives to contextualize this proposal in the present state of affairs. Lastly, the evidence is provided to emphasize the potential economic and social benefits of improving mental health treatment in state prisons. Significant findings suggest a clear financial, legal, and moral incentive for states to address this issue, while the proposal provides a viable method of doing so. mental health treatment state prisons social control incarceration cognitive-behavioral therapy institutional reform American Politics Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive Psychology Community Health Constitutional Law Courts Health and Medical Administration Health Law and Policy Health Policy Industrial and Organizational Psychology Law and Economics Law and Politics Law and Psychology Legislation Litigation Mental and Social Health Mental Disorders Other Mental and Social Health Psychiatric and Mental Health Public Health
34	A Descriptive Study of the Elderly in California Substance Abuse Treatment Programs Berenschot, David 01 June 2017 (has links) As gerontologists may know, there are a great deal of studies and a variety of academic literature on the misuse of alcohol and prescription medication amongst the elderly population. While there is a plethora of information on alcohol and prescription misuse, there is little reported data about the prevalence of other substance misuse experienced by this population. This study aims to help to fill that gap in the data by using quantitative methods to describe the scope of substance abuse of individuals 55-years or older. This study utilizes data from the Treatment Data Set Admission (TEDS-A). The TEDS-A is a public data set which includes admissions data from multiple substance abuse treatment facilities associated with the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Association (SAMHSA). This is a regional study, therefore this study focuses only on individuals 55-years or older who have been admitted into substance abuse treatment facilities in the state of California in the year 2014. The TEDS-A is a data set that is supported and conducted by members of SAMHSA. Most of their public data sets, including the TEDS-A, can be accessed on their website (https://www.datafiles.samhsa.gov/study/treatment-episode-data-set-admissions-teds-2014-nid16949). The data available in the TEDS-A involves a number of admission questions, including demographic data, reasons for intake, primary through tertiary substance concerns, questions regarding social status, information on medical insurance, and more. This study looks at the descriptive frequencies of the use of alcohol, crack/cocaine, marijuana/hashish, heroin, other opiates & synthetics, methamphetamine, and other substances. The study includes 13,512 cases, of which 9966 (73.8%) of cases were male, 3539 (26.2%) were female, and 7 (0.1%) were missing and/or invalid. The results of the data suggests that, while alcohol abuse is a problem, those over 55 are admitted into substance abuse clinics for many other reasons, not just alcohol abuse. Heroin Elderly Aging Substance Abuse California Clinical and Medical Social Work Clinical Epidemiology Community Health Counseling Psychology Epidemiology Geriatric Nursing Geriatrics Gerontology Health Services Research Medicine and Health Other Chemicals and Drugs Other Mental and Social Health Other Public Health Public Health and Community Nursing Public Health Education and Promotion Social Statistics Social Welfare Social Work Substance Abuse and Addiction
35	AN EXAMINATION OF THE IMPACT TRAUMATIC EVENTS HAS ON PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPAIRMENT IN EATING DISORDER PATIENTS Hackett, Jennifer Parker 01 June 2018 (has links) Research suggests that trauma has an impact on eating disorders. While prior research has demonstrated that the trauma from abuse has a significant impact on eating disorders, research has failed to explore other types of trauma. In addition, previous studies have stopped short of examining the impact trauma has on functioning among individuals with an eating disorder. This study aimed to address that gap in the literature. The purpose of this study is to examine whether traumatic life events impact psychosocial functioning among individuals living with an eating disorder. Furthermore, this study aimed to identify which traumas are shown to have the strongest impact on psychosocial functioning. A quantitative design was used for this investigation, using measurement scales that have been shown to be valid and reliable in measuring the constructs of trauma and psychosocial functioning among individuals with an eating disorder. Participants completed a single survey of the combined measurement scales. A non-random purposive sample was collected from online social media cites Tumblr, Facebook, eating disorder message boards, and an outpatient eating disorder treatment center. Using a study sample of N= 2,319 descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted using SPSS. Based on the results of correlation and multiple regression analyses, a statistically significant relationship was found between traumatic life events and psychosocial impairment among those with eating disorders. The findings of this study have the potential to impact the way social work policies address the relationship between trauma and eating disorders, and influence the way social work clinicians implement strategies to treat both trauma and eating psychopathology. mental health eating disorders trauma trauma history anorexia nervosa bulimia nervosa eating disorder eating disorder and trauma Clinical and Medical Social Work Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Counseling Psychology Health Psychology Medicine and Health Sciences Mental and Social Health Mental Disorders Other Mental and Social Health Other Psychiatry and Psychology Psychiatric and Mental Health Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy Psychology Social and Behavioral Sciences Social Work
36	Antenatal Stressful Life Events and Postpartum Depression in the United States: the Role of Women’s Socioeconomic Status at the State Level Mukherjee, Soumyadeep 01 June 2016 (has links) The purpose of this dissertation was to examine patterns of antenatal stressful life events (SLEs) experienced by women in the United States (U.S.) and their association with postpartum depression (PPD). It further explored the role of women's state-level socio-economic status (SES) on PPD; the racial/ethnic dispartites in SLE-PPD relationship; and the role of provider communication on perinatal depression. Data from 2009–11 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) and SES indicators published by the Institute of Women’s Policy Research (IWPR) were used. Latent class analysis (LCA) was performed to identify unobserved class membership based on antenatal SLEs. Multilevel generalized linear mixed models examined whether state-level SES moderated the antenatal SLE-PPD relationship. Of 116,595 respondents to the PRAMS 2009-11, the sample size for our analyses ranged from 78% to 99%. The majority (64%) of participants were in low-stress class. The illness/death related-stress class (13%) had a high prevalence of severe illness (77%) and death (63%) of a family member or someone very close to them, while those in the multiple-stress (22%) class endorsed most other SLEs. Eleven percent had PPD; women who experienced all types of stressors, had the highest odds (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 5.43; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.36, 5.51) of PPD. The odds of PPD decreased with increasing state-level social/economic autonomy index (aOR: 0.75; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.88), with significant cross-level interaction between stressors and state-level SES. Among non-Hispanic blacks and non-Hispanic whites, husband/partner not wanting the pregnancy (aOR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.90) and drug/drinking problems of someone close (aOR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.55) were respectively associated with PPD. Provider communication was protective. That 1 out of every 5 and 1 out of every 8 women were in the high- and emotional-stress classes suggests that SLEs are common among pregnant women. Our results suggest that screening for antenatal SLEs might help identify women at risk for PPD. The finding that the odds of PPD decrease with increasing social/economic autonomy, could have policy implications and motivate efforts to improve these indices. This study also indicates the benefits of antenatal health care provider communication on perinatal depression. Postpartum depression stressful life events state-level socioeconomic status latent class analysis generalized linear mixed model racial/ethnic disparities PRAMS Epidemiology Maternal and Child Health Medical Humanities Obstetrics and Gynecology Other Mental and Social Health Psychiatric and Mental Health Psychiatry Quantitative Psychology Women's Health
37	Determinants of Health Care Use Among Rural, Low-Income Mothers and Children: A Simultaneous Systems Approach to Negative Binomial Regression Modeling Valluri, Swetha 01 January 2011 (has links) (PDF) The determinants of health care use among rural, low-income mothers and their children were assessed using a multi-state, longitudinal data set, Rural Families Speak. The results indicate that rural mothers’ decisions regarding health care utilization for themselves and for their child can be best modeled using a simultaneous systems approach to negative binomial regression. Mothers’ visits to a health care provider increased with higher self-assessed depression scores, increased number of child’s doctor visits, greater numbers of total children in the household, greater numbers of chronic conditions, need for prenatal or post-partum care, development of a new medical condition, and having health insurance (Medicaid/equivalent and HMO/private). Child’s visits to a health care provider, on the other hand, increased with greater numbers of chronic conditions, development of a new medical condition, and increased mothers’ visits to a doctor. Child’s utilization of pediatric health care services decreased with higher levels of maternal depression, greater numbers of total children in the household, if the mother had HMO/private health care coverage, if the mother was pregnant, and if the mother was Latina/African American. Mother’s use of health care services decreased with her age, increased number of child’s chronic conditions, income as a percent of the federal poverty line, and if child had HMO/private health care insurance. The study expands the econometric techniques available for assessing maternal and pediatric health care use and the results contribute to an understanding of how rural, low-income mothers choose the level of health care services use for themselves and for their child. Additionally, the results would assist in formulating policies to reorient the type of health care services provided to this vulnerable population. Rural mothers maternal health care utilization pediatric health care utilization simultaneous systems negative binomial regression Rural Families Speak Applied Statistics Categorical Data Analysis Econometrics Health Economics Health Policy Other Mental and Social Health Other Public Health Other Statistics and Probability Programming Languages and Compilers Statistical Methodology Statistical Theory
38	Adverse Childhood Experiences, Homeless Chronicity, and Age at Onset of Homelessness Tucciarone, Joseph T., Jr. 01 May 2019 (has links) (PDF) Childhood adversity is associated with numerous negative outcomes across multiple domains, including mental and physical health, interrelationships, and social functioning. Notably, research suggests that childhood adversity has a dose-response relationship with these outcomes; that is, greater numbers of adverse experiences in childhood are associated with worse outcomes. These outcomes overlap with many risk factors of homelessness. This study sought to address two questions: 1) Does a dose-response relationship exist between childhood adversity and chronic homelessness? 2) Does childhood adversity negatively predict the age at which homelessness first occurs? Adults experiencing homeless who are accessing homeless services in the Tri-Cities area of Northeast Tennessee responded to a brief instrument that includes measures of homeless chronicity, Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), and age of onset of homelessness. Although relationships between ACEs and homeless chronicity was not observed, a relationship did emerge between number of ACEs and number of episodes and number of ACEs and age at initial onset of homelessness. homelessness adverse childhood experiences ACEs chronicity homelessness onset Community Health Community Health and Preventive Medicine Community Psychology Developmental Psychology Epidemiology Health Services Administration Health Services Research Other Mental and Social Health Other Psychology Other Public Health Public Health Education and Promotion Social Psychology Social Welfare Social Work
39	Body mapping with geriatric inpatients receiving daily haemodialysis therapy for end-stage renal disease at Toronto Rehabilitation Institute: A qualitative study Ludlow, Bryn A. 10 1900 (has links) <p>All images in this document may not be produced without the expressed written consent of the author.</p> / <p>The innovative research method of “body mapping” was used in this study with geriatric inpatients receiving daily hæmodialysis therapy for end-stage renal disease at Toronto Rehabilitation Institute.</p> <p>Five people took part in this study; three participants completed all study phases. They created three body maps each and took part in one follow up, semi-structured interview to share their experiences of body mapping. Two themes were drawn from the data: (1) body mapping gives patients a voice to communicate their experiences in the dialysis unit; and (2) body mapping makes visible participants’ illness adjustment patterns, and levels of connection, or disconnection in the dialysis unit.</p> <p>Based on the ways body mapping benefitted participants in this study, it is reasonable to suggest that this visual communication tool could be useful in other research settings, and as a clinical tool to support patients’ attention to their bodies and their interactions with healthcare providers.</p> / Master of Arts (MA) Body mapping haemodialysis hemodialysis nephrology health communication geriatric medicine Art Practice Body Regions Health Communication Knowledge Translation Medical Anatomy Medical Physiology Movement and Mind-Body Therapies Nephrology Other Medical Specialties Other Mental and Social Health Preventative Medicine Therapeutics Art Practice
40	Recovery From Design Ellison, Cassandra J 01 January 2017 (has links) Through research, inquiry, and an evaluation of Recovery By Design, a ‘design therapy’ program that serves people with mental illness, substance use disorders, and developmental disabilities, it is my assertion that the practice of design has therapeutic potential and can aid in the process of recovery. To the novice, the practices of conception, shaping form, and praxis have empowering benefit especially when guided by Conditional and Transformation Design methods together with an emphasis on materiality and vernacular form. Adult and Continuing Education Art Education Art Therapy Civic and Community Engagement Cognition and Perception Cognitive Psychology Community-Based Learning Community-Based Research Community Health Community Health and Preventive Medicine Curriculum and Instruction Curriculum and Social Inquiry Disability and Equity in Education Educational Methods Educational Psychology Esthetics Fiber, Textile, and Weaving Arts Graphic Design Industrial and Product Design Inequality and Stratification Interactive Arts Interdisciplinary Arts and Media Medicine and Health Mental and Social Health Other Mental and Social Health Philosophy of Mind Politics and Social Change Printmaking Psychiatry and Psychology Psychoanalysis and Psychotherapy Psychology Public Health Recreational Therapy Rehabilitation and Therapy Social Psychology and Interaction Social Work Substance Abuse and Addiction Theory and Philosophy Theory, Knowledge and Science

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