L’opéron métabolique frz code les sous-unités d’un transporteur PTS de la sous-famille du fructose, un activateur transcriptionnel des systèmes PTS de la famille MgA (FrzR), deux cétoses-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases de type II, une kinase spécifique des sucres (famille ROK) et une protéine de la superfamille des cupines. Il est fortement associé aux souches d’Escherichia coli à virulence extra-intestinale. Nous avons montré qu’il procure un avantage aux bactéries lors de conditions de stress (peu d’oxygène, phase stationnaire de croissance, croissance dans le sérum et l’intestin) et qu’il est impliqué dans l’adhérence et l’internalisation de la bactérie dans diverses cellules eucaryotes, en régulant l’expression des fimbriae de type 1. L’activateur (FrzR) est impliqué dans ces phénotypes. A l’aide de microarrays, une série de gènes sous la dépendance du système Frz ont été identifiés. Nos données suggèrent que frz code un senseur de l’environnement permettant à E. coli de s’adapter à un environnement fluctuant en régulant notamment certains gènes de virulence et d’adaptation à l’hôte. Un modèle de régulation est présenté. / The metabolic frz operon codes for three subunits of a PTS transporter of the fructose sub-family, for a transcriptional activator of PTS systems of the MgA family (FrzR), for two type II ketose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases, for a sugar specific kinase (ROK family) and for a protein of the cupin superfamily. It is highly associated with Extra-intestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. We proved that frz promotes bacterial fitness under stressful conditions, (such as oxygen restriction, late stationary phase of growth or growth in serum or in the intestinal tract). Furthermore, we showed that frz is involved in adherence to and internalization of E. coli in several eukaryotic cells by regulating the expression of type 1 fimbriae. The FrzR activator is involved in these phenotypes. Microarrays, experiments allowed the identification of several genes under the dependence of the frz system. Our data suggest that frz codes for a sensor of the environment allowing E. coli to adapt to a fluctuating environment by regulating some virulence and host adaptation genes. A regulation model is presented.

This project investigated the physiological responses of grapevine to deficit irrigation strategies including partial rootzone drying (PRD) and regulated deficit irrigation (RDI). The principle objectives of the project were to (1) establish if the response to partial rootzone drying (PRD) is as a consequence of irrigation amount or a unique vine physiological response to PRD; (2) to investigate the effect of limiting environmental conditions on vine responses to PRD and deficit irrigation; (3) to investigate the effect of PRD and deficit irrigation on berry metabolism and maturation; and (4) effect of PRD and deficit irrigation on vine water-use. The experiment used field-grown Shiraz grapevines in a commercial vineyard in the Strathbogie Ranges in north-eastern Victoria. The experiment ran from season 2001/2002 through to 2003/2004 in a medium vigour, warm climate vineyard, with soils of low water holding capacity. (For complete abstract open document)

Streptococcus agalactiae est la première cause d’infections néonatales, et est aussi un pathogène émergent chez l’adulte immunodéprimé. L’objectif de ce travail de thèse a été de caractériser l’opéron métabolique fru2 de S. agalactiae (i) en étudiant sa phylogénie, (ii) en identifiant ses inducteurs, et (iii) en élaborant son schéma de régulation. Cet opéron est composé de 7 gènes qui codent un activateur transcriptionnel de la famille DeoR-like (Fru2R), un transporteur PTS (PTSFru2), et trois enzymes qui sont potentiellement impliquées dans la voie non oxydative des pentoses phosphates. Nous avons mis en évidence que cet opéron avait été acquis au cours de l’évolution, et n’était présent que chez les souches de complexes clonaux responsables d’infections chez l’adulte immunodéprimé et la personne âgée. Nous avons ensuite montré que certains milieux complexes, sources de carbone, et liquides biologiques humains permettaient l’activation de cet opéron. Ensuite, nous avons caractérisé le rôle et fonctionnement de la protéine Fru2R (i) en montrant son rôle d’activateur transcriptionnel, (ii) en identifiant les acides aminés essentiels à son activité, et (iii) en démontrant sa capacité à se fixer au niveau de la région promotrice de fru2. / Streptococcus agalactiae, commonly known as group B streptococcus, is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is also an emergent pathogen in immunocompromised and elderly adults. The objective of this study was to characterize the phylogeny, the induction and the regulation of the S. agalactiae fru2 operon. This operon encodes a PTS transporter of the fructose-mannitol family, a transcriptional activator of the DeoR-like family, an allulose-6 phosphate-3-epimerase, a transaldolase and a transketolase. Our results, concerning the phylogeny, indicate that fru2 was acquired during the evolution of S. agalactiae. Then, we highlighted that the fru2 promoter was active in complex medium, in chemically defined medium with various carbon sources and in human biological fluids. Then, we demonstrated that the Fru2R protein (i) was a transcriptional activator, (ii) contains amino acids which are essential for the activity of the Fru2R and fru2 promoter, and (iii) interacts with the fru2 intergenic region. Then, we demonstrated the role of the PTSFru2 proteins of S. agalactiae A909 fru2.

Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag media were studied through a series of laboratory, modeling and field studies as a potential treatment material for use in on site wastewater disposal systems. Microsphere enumeration methodology was examined in a factorial experiment to evaluate the minimum density and minimum number of microspheres that should be counted to ensure accurate and precise estimations of concentration. The results suggest that to minimize variability at least 350 microspheres should be counted and a microsphere density of 25-40 microspheres field-1 is necessary. A review of existing methodologies for high-titer bacteriophage production was conducted and an amalgamation of existing methodologies was chosen that reliably achieves elevated concentration and ensures a purified suspension. A combination of batch and column studies was conducted to evaluate the removal of the bacteriophage, PRD-1, and virus-sized fluorescent microspheres by BOF media, and to delineate the relative contributions of the two principle attenuation processes, inactivation and attachment. In the batch studies, substantial removal of PRD-1 does not occur in the pH 7.6 and 9.5 suspensions, but at pH 11.4, removal of the virus was 2.1 log C/C0 day-1 for the first two days, followed by 0.124 log C/C0 day-1 over the subsequent 10 days. Two column studies were conducted after 60 and 300 days of saturation with artificial groundwater at a flow rate of 1 pore volume day-1 using two BOF mixtures. After 300 days of column saturation, microsphere concentrations approached input levels, indicating a removal of 0.1-0.2 log C/C0 and suggesting attachment processes were negligible. PRD-1 removal was more pronounced (1.0-1.5 log C/C0). The reduction of PRD-1 is likely the result of a combination of virus inactivation at elevated pH (10.6-11.4), and attachment processes. Geochemical factors controlling microsphere attachment were compared between the two sets of experiments after 60 and 300 days of column saturation. Differences in attachment efficiency may be due to higher influent DOC concentration in the second experiment, conversion of amorphous iron phases to more crystalline forms over time, reductive dissolution of preferable attachment sites on iron phases, or precipitation of calcite. Hydrus-1D, a one-dimensional numerical model, was used to quantify transport processes, inactivation and attachment/detachment, occurring in the column experiments by model inversion. Fitted microsphere breakthrough closely matched observed data, whereas PRD-1 breakthrough with realistic parameter values does not closely match the peaked nature of the observed curves. The model achieved improved fits for microsphere and PRD-1 breakthrough when both strongly- and weakly-binding sites are represented. A unique set of parameter estimates could not be determined because of overparameterization of the inverse modeling for the experimental systems. An alternative latrine incorporating BOF slag media was constructed in a periurban community located near São Paulo, Brazil. Pathogen indicator removal is approximately 4-5 orders of magnitude in less than one meter of vertical transport through the BOF slag media. In a control latrine, constructed with similar hydraulic characteristics and inert materials, comparable reductions in pathogenic indicators were observed over three meters of vertical transport.

Basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag media were studied through a series of laboratory, modeling and field studies as a potential treatment material for use in on site wastewater disposal systems. Microsphere enumeration methodology was examined in a factorial experiment to evaluate the minimum density and minimum number of microspheres that should be counted to ensure accurate and precise estimations of concentration. The results suggest that to minimize variability at least 350 microspheres should be counted and a microsphere density of 25-40 microspheres field-1 is necessary. A review of existing methodologies for high-titer bacteriophage production was conducted and an amalgamation of existing methodologies was chosen that reliably achieves elevated concentration and ensures a purified suspension. A combination of batch and column studies was conducted to evaluate the removal of the bacteriophage, PRD-1, and virus-sized fluorescent microspheres by BOF media, and to delineate the relative contributions of the two principle attenuation processes, inactivation and attachment. In the batch studies, substantial removal of PRD-1 does not occur in the pH 7.6 and 9.5 suspensions, but at pH 11.4, removal of the virus was 2.1 log C/C0 day-1 for the first two days, followed by 0.124 log C/C0 day-1 over the subsequent 10 days. Two column studies were conducted after 60 and 300 days of saturation with artificial groundwater at a flow rate of 1 pore volume day-1 using two BOF mixtures. After 300 days of column saturation, microsphere concentrations approached input levels, indicating a removal of 0.1-0.2 log C/C0 and suggesting attachment processes were negligible. PRD-1 removal was more pronounced (1.0-1.5 log C/C0). The reduction of PRD-1 is likely the result of a combination of virus inactivation at elevated pH (10.6-11.4), and attachment processes. Geochemical factors controlling microsphere attachment were compared between the two sets of experiments after 60 and 300 days of column saturation. Differences in attachment efficiency may be due to higher influent DOC concentration in the second experiment, conversion of amorphous iron phases to more crystalline forms over time, reductive dissolution of preferable attachment sites on iron phases, or precipitation of calcite. Hydrus-1D, a one-dimensional numerical model, was used to quantify transport processes, inactivation and attachment/detachment, occurring in the column experiments by model inversion. Fitted microsphere breakthrough closely matched observed data, whereas PRD-1 breakthrough with realistic parameter values does not closely match the peaked nature of the observed curves. The model achieved improved fits for microsphere and PRD-1 breakthrough when both strongly- and weakly-binding sites are represented. A unique set of parameter estimates could not be determined because of overparameterization of the inverse modeling for the experimental systems. An alternative latrine incorporating BOF slag media was constructed in a periurban community located near São Paulo, Brazil. Pathogen indicator removal is approximately 4-5 orders of magnitude in less than one meter of vertical transport through the BOF slag media. In a control latrine, constructed with similar hydraulic characteristics and inert materials, comparable reductions in pathogenic indicators were observed over three meters of vertical transport.

<p>The Peruvian society is one of the most unequal in the world and despite the growing economy the centralised political tradition impedes the trickling-down of wealth down to the people who need it the most. In Arequipa in southern Peru an initiative called the Programme for Rural Development (PRD) was commenced in the beginning of 2007 with the purpose of consolidating democracy and promote economic development, foremost for women. The programme was developed by Svalorna together with their cooperation organisations at location in Arequipa.</p><p>This investigation is both descriptive and explorative with a purpose of both describing the current economic and social situation in these departments as well as in a more normative manner explore the possible ways to go forward and issues that need further attention in regard to the PRD. The investigation has been realised as a qualitative field based study with the aim of emphasising on the views and opinions of the women in the different departments with the purpose of putting the women at a grass root level in focus. Therefore the methodological approach which permeates the entire study is a ‘bottom-up’ implementation analysis. The process of collecting information has implied field studies, where observation, interviews and interaction has been used as techniques, as well as a vast collection of background to the current socioeconomic situation which also has been necessary.</p><p>Conducting this investigation has lead to many interesting and useful conclusions regarding the contemporary and future sustentation situation for women and youth in the rural parts of Arequipa. This study will emphasise the importance of invisible actions within rural development, such as strengthening the common identity and objectives, considered to be the foundation to organising, both in regard to democratic participation as well as economic activities. In regard to entrepreneurship or the initiation of small scale businesses, components such as involvement from the rest of the family, sharing of skills and experiences within the group, access to capital, follow up and evaluation, are vital. Overall, the inhabitants need to participate in their own development process and receive assistance from a holistic programme that takes in consideration all elements in the life of the women.</p> / <p>Klyftorna i det peruanska samhället är några av de största i världen och trots att ekonomin för tillfället växer så att det knakar, så hindrar den starka traditionen av politisk centralisering att överskottet kommer alla människor tillgodo. I staden Arequipa i södra Peru inleddes i början av 2007 Programmet för landsbygdsutveckling (PRD) med syfte att förstärka demokratiska processer och främja ekonomisk utveckling, framförallt för kvinnor. Programmet utvecklades av Svalorna tillsammans med deras samarbetsorganisationer på plats i Arequipa.</p><p>Denna undersökning är både deskriptiv och explorativ. Den har som syfte att både beskriva den nuvarande ekonomiska och sociala situationen i de aktuella områdena kring Arequipa samt att mer normativt beskriva möjliga vägar framåt och problem som behöver ytterligare uppmärksamhet från PRD. Studien genomfördes genom en kvalitativ fältstudie med målet att vara lyhörd för, samt främhäva, kvinnornas egna åsikter och synpunkter som grund för resultat och analysdel. Detta för att sätta kvinnan på gräsrotsnivå i fokus och därav har det övergripande metodiska angreppssättet bestått av en botten-upp implementationsanalys. Insamlingsprocessen av information har inneburit både en fältstudie där observationer, intervjuer och interaktioner har använts som tekniker, men också en omfattande litteraturstudie har varit nödvändig. Detta för att erhålla bakgrundsmaterial till den nuvarande socioekonomiska situationen i landet.</p><p>Genomförandet av denna studie har inneburit många intressanta och användbara slutsatser vad gäller den nuvarande och framtida försörjningssituationen för kvinnor och ungdomar på landsbygden i Arequipa. Undersökningen betonar betydelsen av osynliga handlingar inom landsbygdsutvecklingen, så som stärkandet av den gemensamma identiteten och sammanställandet av gemensamma mål att sträva efter, både gällande demokratisk deltagande och ekonomiska aktiviteter. Vad gäller entreprenörskap och uppstartandet av småskaliga affärsverksamheter så är komponenter som engagemang från resten av familjen, delandet av kunskaper och erfarenheter inom gruppen, tillgång till kapital, uppföljning och utvärdering helt avgörande för projektets framgång. För att konkludera så behöver invånarna delta i sin egen utvecklingsprocess och delta med assistens från ett holistiskt sammansatt program som tar alla delar av kvinnornas liv i betraktande.</p>

Ce projet de recherche explore un nouveau mécanisme de régulation de l’activité du domaine HECT de la ligase Itch. Ce domaine est responsable de la polyubiquitylation des protéines impliquant le plus souvent leur dégradation par le protéasome. Itch est une ligase de l’ubiquitine de la famille CWH contenant un domaine HECT catalytique en C-terminal, quatre domaines WW, et un domaine C2 N-terminal qui est important pour sa localisation cellulaire. Les ligases CWH interagissent par leur domaine WW avec leurs ligands. Un mécanisme proposé pour ces ligases est que la première molécule d’ubiquitine liée au substrat active le domaine HECT de manière à former une chaine d’ubiquitine sur le substrat. Itch a une particularité dans la famille CWH, car elle possède un domaine riche en proline qui lui permet d’interagir avec plusieurs protéines à domaine SH3. Dans cette étude, nous avons déterminé l’effet de l’ubiquitylation initiale des protéines SH3 sur l’activité du domaine HECT de la ligase Itch, et sur la régulation de ces substrats. / The subject of this research is to reveal a new mechanism of regulation of the Itch ubiquitin ligase through its catalytic HECT domain. The HECT domain is in charge of polyubiquitylating proteins, which is often responsible for their degradation by the proteasome. Itch belongs to the CWH subfamily of ubiquitin ligases, characterized by the presence of C-terminal catalytic HECT domain, four WW domains for ligand binding and a N-terminal C2 domain important for the subcellular localization of the ligase. Attachment of a first ubiquitin moïties to the substrates is proposed to stimulate the ligase activity, promoting the creation of a polyubiquitin chain. Itch is the only member of its subfamily that has been shown to interact and promote the ubiquitylation of SH3 domain-containing proteins through a conserved proline-rich region located upstream of the four WW domains. In this work, we have determined the impact of the addition of a single ubiquitin to SH3 domain-containing proteins on the processivity of the ubiquitylation reaction catalysed by Itch and on the regulation of this class of substrates.

La thèse analyse en théorie du droit l’évolution de la procédure civile sous l’angle des enjeux de l’accès à la justice. Elle formule l’hypothèse d’un modèle de régulation sociale qui opère un renversement de la perspective moniste positiviste classique par l’intégration des modes extrajudiciaires de PRD. La thèse répond à la question de recherche suivante : Quels fondements théoriques à l’évolution de la procédure civile pour l’amélioration de l’accès à la justice ? D’un point de vue méthodologique, la thèse opte pour une démarche théorique et documentaire. Elle emprunte aux principales Écoles de théories du droit, en particulier à l’École sociologique. Le cadre théorique s’appuie alors sur les théories du pluralisme juridique, des systèmes et du réseau. Ces théories irriguent la thèse tout entière et servent de grille analytique aux deux parties principales de celle-ci. Dans la première partie, la thèse délimite et précise le concept d’accès à la justice. En trois chapitres, cette première partie s’attèle méthodiquement à déconstruire les acceptions dominantes institutionnelles et restrictives du concept. Elle aboutit à l’élaboration d’une définition innovante à valeur théorique et pratique de l’accès à la justice. Dans la seconde partie, l’analyse porte sur l’évolution des paradigmes de la procédure civile. En trois chapitres, elle pose une critique du système dominant de règlement des conflits en général et de la procédure civile en particulier qui reposent sur le droit selon les principes de hiérarchie des normes. La thèse déconstruit cette vision, puis propose une théorie générale supportant la légitimité des modes extrajudiciaires de PRD. Finalement, la recherche suggère une évolution de la procédure civile et soumet à cet effet un modèle de système de justice alternatif intégrant les modes extrajudiciaires de PRD. Le modèle de régulation proposé est non antinomique et complémentaire au modèle dominant. Le modèle de régulation sociale construit dans la thèse s’articule autour de trois paradigmes fondamentaux à savoir la décentralisation, la multipolarité et la complémentarité. La thèse constitue un compendium d’analyses et soumet un cadre de référence des paradigmes de base d’un système de justice renouvelé pour l’amélioration de l’accès à la justice. / Abstract : The thesis analyzes the evolution of civil procedure in terms of access to justice issues in theory of law. It makes the assumption of a model of social regulation which operates a reversal of the classic positivist monistic perspective by the integration of the extrajudicial modes of PRD. The thesis responds to the following research question: what theoretical foundations to the evolution of civil procedure for the improvement of access to justice? From a methodological point of view, the thesis opts for a theoretical and documentary approach. It borrows from the main schools of theories of law, in particular the sociological school. The theoretical framework is then based on theories of legal pluralism, the systems and the network. These theories irrigate the whole thesis and serve as the two main parts of the analytic grid. In the first part, the thesis focuses on the accuracy of the concept of access to justice. In three chapters, this first part is working methodically to deconstruct the dominant meanings institutional and narrowing of the concept. It leads to the development of an innovative theoretical definition and practical access to justice. In the second part, the analysis focuses on the evolution of the paradigms of the civil procedure. In three chapters, it poses a critique of System dominant rules of conflict in general and civil procedure in particular which are based on the law according to the principles of hierarchy of norms. The thesis deconstructed this vision, and then proposes a general theory supporting the legitimacy of the extrajudicial modes of PRD. Finally, the research suggests an evolution of civil procedure and submits to this effect an alternative justice system model not oxymoronic, but complementary to the dominant model integrating extrajudicial modes of PRD. The social regulation model built and submit in the thesis revolves around three paradigms fundamental namely decentralisation, multipolarity and complementarity. The thesis is a compendium of analyses and submits a frame of reference of the paradigms of a justice system for the improvement of access to justice.

The Peruvian society is one of the most unequal in the world and despite the growing economy the centralised political tradition impedes the trickling-down of wealth down to the people who need it the most. In Arequipa in southern Peru an initiative called the Programme for Rural Development (PRD) was commenced in the beginning of 2007 with the purpose of consolidating democracy and promote economic development, foremost for women. The programme was developed by Svalorna together with their cooperation organisations at location in Arequipa. This investigation is both descriptive and explorative with a purpose of both describing the current economic and social situation in these departments as well as in a more normative manner explore the possible ways to go forward and issues that need further attention in regard to the PRD. The investigation has been realised as a qualitative field based study with the aim of emphasising on the views and opinions of the women in the different departments with the purpose of putting the women at a grass root level in focus. Therefore the methodological approach which permeates the entire study is a ‘bottom-up’ implementation analysis. The process of collecting information has implied field studies, where observation, interviews and interaction has been used as techniques, as well as a vast collection of background to the current socioeconomic situation which also has been necessary. Conducting this investigation has lead to many interesting and useful conclusions regarding the contemporary and future sustentation situation for women and youth in the rural parts of Arequipa. This study will emphasise the importance of invisible actions within rural development, such as strengthening the common identity and objectives, considered to be the foundation to organising, both in regard to democratic participation as well as economic activities. In regard to entrepreneurship or the initiation of small scale businesses, components such as involvement from the rest of the family, sharing of skills and experiences within the group, access to capital, follow up and evaluation, are vital. Overall, the inhabitants need to participate in their own development process and receive assistance from a holistic programme that takes in consideration all elements in the life of the women. / Klyftorna i det peruanska samhället är några av de största i världen och trots att ekonomin för tillfället växer så att det knakar, så hindrar den starka traditionen av politisk centralisering att överskottet kommer alla människor tillgodo. I staden Arequipa i södra Peru inleddes i början av 2007 Programmet för landsbygdsutveckling (PRD) med syfte att förstärka demokratiska processer och främja ekonomisk utveckling, framförallt för kvinnor. Programmet utvecklades av Svalorna tillsammans med deras samarbetsorganisationer på plats i Arequipa. Denna undersökning är både deskriptiv och explorativ. Den har som syfte att både beskriva den nuvarande ekonomiska och sociala situationen i de aktuella områdena kring Arequipa samt att mer normativt beskriva möjliga vägar framåt och problem som behöver ytterligare uppmärksamhet från PRD. Studien genomfördes genom en kvalitativ fältstudie med målet att vara lyhörd för, samt främhäva, kvinnornas egna åsikter och synpunkter som grund för resultat och analysdel. Detta för att sätta kvinnan på gräsrotsnivå i fokus och därav har det övergripande metodiska angreppssättet bestått av en botten-upp implementationsanalys. Insamlingsprocessen av information har inneburit både en fältstudie där observationer, intervjuer och interaktioner har använts som tekniker, men också en omfattande litteraturstudie har varit nödvändig. Detta för att erhålla bakgrundsmaterial till den nuvarande socioekonomiska situationen i landet. Genomförandet av denna studie har inneburit många intressanta och användbara slutsatser vad gäller den nuvarande och framtida försörjningssituationen för kvinnor och ungdomar på landsbygden i Arequipa. Undersökningen betonar betydelsen av osynliga handlingar inom landsbygdsutvecklingen, så som stärkandet av den gemensamma identiteten och sammanställandet av gemensamma mål att sträva efter, både gällande demokratisk deltagande och ekonomiska aktiviteter. Vad gäller entreprenörskap och uppstartandet av småskaliga affärsverksamheter så är komponenter som engagemang från resten av familjen, delandet av kunskaper och erfarenheter inom gruppen, tillgång till kapital, uppföljning och utvärdering helt avgörande för projektets framgång. För att konkludera så behöver invånarna delta i sin egen utvecklingsprocess och delta med assistens från ett holistiskt sammansatt program som tar alla delar av kvinnornas liv i betraktande.

Ztrátová komprese signálů EKG je užitečná a v současnosti stále se rozvíjející oblast. Stále se vyvíjí nové a nové kompresní algoritmy. V této oblasti ale chybí standardy pro hodnocení kvality signálu po kompresi. Existuje tedy sice mnoho různých kompresních algoritmů, které ale buď nelze objektivně porovnat vůbec, nebo jen zhruba. V oblasti komprese navíc nikde není popsáno, zda mají na výkon kompresních algoritmů vliv patologie, popřípadě jaký. Tato dizertační práce poskytuje přehled všech nalezených metod pro hodnocení kvality signálů EKG po kompresi. Navíc bylo vytvořeno 10 nových metod. V rámci práce byla provedena analýza všech těchto metod a na základě jejích výsledků bylo doporučeno 12 metod vhodných pro hodnocení kvality signálu EKG po kompresi. Také je zde představen nový kompresní algoritmus „Single-Cycle Fractal-Based (SCyF)“. Algoritmus SCyF je inspirován metodou založenou na fraktálech a využívá jednoho cyklu signálu EKG jako domény. Algoritmus SCyF byl testován na čtyřech různých databázích, přičemž kvalita signálů po kompresi byla vyhodnocena 12 doporučenými metodami. Výsledky byly porovnány s velmi populárním kompresním algoritmem založeným na vlnkové transformaci, který využívá metodu „Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPIHT)“. Postup testování zároveň slouží jako příklad, jak by měl vypadat standard hodnocení výkonu kompresních algoritmů. Dále bylo statisticky prokázáno, že existuje rozdíl mezi kompresí fyziologických a patologických signálů. Patologické signály byly komprimovány s nižší efektivitou a kvalitou než signály fyziologické.