This work deals with modeling of the human psyche and its cognitive processes, emotions and behaviors based on agent system. The first objective of this examines the issue from the perspective of general psychology and intelligent systems. The work discusses in detail the design model of the human psyche with definitions of agents system and design of simulation environment. The special part is devoted to the design of the neural network system. After description of implementation of the model and simulation environment, finally, the work show results of experiments with the implemented system from the perspective of conformity with psychological theories and benefits to artificial intelligence.

This thesis is an interdisciplinary critique of violence, with particular focus on the case of capital punishment. Although the core elements of the thesis are inferred from a capital case—and the facts thereof—the model suggested in this study provides a theoretical framework to better understand the question of violence. Texts, images, and sounds have been employed as modes of expression in this study. The theoretical assertion is depicted in an animated piece (Gallows), which is further expounded in the subsequent text. The theoretical framework puts forth two concepts, namely hierarchy and lack of bond, as the constituent elements of violence. Hierarchy pertains to the structure of power which, as demonstrated in this study, correlates with the use of violence. The origins of hierarchy are sought in the earliest stages of mankind’s evolution, specifically in the copulatory posture of primal humans. This contention is further elaborated by invoking philosophic, psychoanalytic, and linguistic evidence, as well as the events of Gallows. The physical manifestation of hierarchy is then explained by suggesting a psychic attribute—an archetype to be more precise—which I have called governmentality. The second element of the argumentation, i.e. lack of bond, is also a psychic state, which is scrutinized through its physical manifestations. In order to expound on the notion of bond, both rational and aesthetic critiques are utilized, thereby making reference to not only academic literature, but also works of art. Finally, the theoretical framework is applied to investigate a recent instance of the death penalty in the 1980s in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

<p>Ovid's characterization of women has long been recognized as revealing an understanding of the female psyche. This is shown not only in his love poetry, but also in his depiction of women in the Heroides and Metamorphoses. The Heroides in particular offered considerable scope for the portrayal of women in a state of crisis and for an exploration of their anxieties and conflicts. The verse letters reveal Ovid's interest in portraying women at an early point in his literary career, an interest which he continued throughout his writing career and which again finds expression in the Metarmorphoses.</p> <p>While Howard Jacobson's study (Princeton, 1974) treats all the single letters, Florence Verducci (Princeton, 1985) has restricted her work to five of the fifteen single letters. Little attempt has been made to trace Ovid's depiction of women from the Heroides into his later works. This work investigates the characterization of Medea, Dido, Ariadne and Deianira as they are initially portrayed in the Heroides and as they are later depicted in the Metamorphoses.</p> <p>Each chapter details early accounts of the heroines, followed by an exploration of the characterization in the Heroides and Metamorphoses. It is shown that, while Ovid's knowledge and use of his predecessors is apparent, his ability to adapt the mythological details concerning his heroines creates an entirely new depiction; his portrayal varies from the Heroides to the Metamorphoses due to the demands of the respective genres and to the emphasis which he wishes to place. Despite the familiarity of his figures, Ovid has created divergent, yet coherent, interpretations of pyschological and emotional crises.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis is a practice-based investigation into the mutual coming into being of artist and artwork within the process of signification as described by Julia Kristeva. The investigation is done from an unstable subjective position and requires innovative research methodologies and a sustained close connection with the practice in order to accommodate the complexity inherent to the process. The exploration involves a closer look at the process of making of the work, the possible meaning embedded in the artworks and the impact on the maker of the work. The situated knowledge acquired through the praxis provides new insight supported by the theories of Julia Kristeva and others. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis is ’n praktykgebaseerde ondersoek na die wedersydse totstandkoming van kunstenaar en kunswerk binne die proses van signifikasie soos beskryf deur Julia Kristeva. Die ondersoek word gedoen vanuit ’n onstabiele subjektiewe posisie en vereis innoverende navorsingsmetodologieë en ’n volgehoue nóú verbintenis met die praktyk om voorsiening te maak vir die kompleksiteit inherent aan die proses. Die ontleding behels ’n verkenning van die werksproses, die moontlike betekenis verskuil binne die kunswerke en die impak op die maker van die werk. Die gesitueerde kennis wat uit die praxis voortspruit verskaf nuwe insigte, gesteun deur die teorieë van Julia Kristeva en ander.

Cette thèse interroge les représentations que les géographes français du XXe siècle se font de leurs activités de recherche en explorant les multiples significations que recouvre pour eux le terrain, et notamment la place qu’il occupe dans les dispositifs heuristiques et dans l’imaginaire disciplinaire. Cette recherche entend appliquer à l’histoire de la géographie les approches et les méthodes de la sociologie des sciences. Tout au long de la période, le terrain constitue un ordre du discours dominant qui structure durablement les représentations et les pratiques : face aux lectures inspirées par la théorie des révolutions scientifiques, cette thèse met au contraire en lumière la stabilité des discours. La « crise de la géographie » qui désigne la période de doutes que traverse la discipline durant les années 1960 et 1970 apparaît alors davantage comme une mutation des discours et non comme un changement radical des pratiques. Ce changement de focale sur l’histoire de la discipline oblige donc à repenser les cadres avec lesquels l’écrire : le terrain – envisagé comme un « objet scientifique total » – constitue alors une entrée pertinente pour appréhender la géographie dans son ensemble, c’est-à-dire à la fois ses contenus, ses méthodes, ses finalités et ses acteurs. / This dissertation questions the way XXth-century French geographers represented their research activities by exploring the different meanings the terms field and fieldwork had for them, and especially their place in heuristic processes and in the scientific psyche. It aims at applying the different approaches and methods of sciences studies to geography. Throughout the period, field and fieldwork led to a dominant order of discourse which structured representations and practices. This study is a response to works inspired by the theory of scientific revolutions and emphasizes the immutability of discourses. The “crisis of French geography,” which refers to the period of doubt the discipline went through during the 1960s and 1970s, may be regarded as a mutation of discourses rather than a radical change in practices. This change of focus on the history of geography leads us to reconsider the theoretical tools to be used to write it. When viewed as a “total scientific fact”, field and fieldwork thus represent a relevant approach to geography as a whole – that is to say its methods, aims, content and actors

A família, ao longo de seu processo sócio-histórico, atravessou inúmeras crises e transformações, recriando-se conforme a época e o contexto local, adotando para tanto estilos diferenciados. Apesar das mudanças, a organização familiar continua sendo eixo de referência para procriação e socialização das novas gerações, bem como a base de apoio que o indivíduo dispõe no decorrer de seu processo de desenvolvimento psicossexual. Ao longo do ciclo vital, a família desempenha papéis diversificados e exerce funções específicas, sendo considerada a plataforma de sustentação e estruturação do psiquismo desde os primórdios da relação mãebebê. Nessa vertente, estudos têm apontado que a família constitui-se como um espaço fundamental de transmissão psíquica. Considerando-se esses pressupostos, a literatura sustenta que a organização familiar tem impacto decisivo no processo de saúde-doença do indivíduo, inclusive no que diz respeito ao uso abusivo de substâncias psicoativas na adolescência. Assim, torna-se imperioso dedicar atenção diferenciada à família, por meio de uma abordagem que leve em conta a história, estrutura e dinâmica dos relacionamentos familiares, bem como sua inserção no contexto social mais amplo. Frente a essa problemática, o presente estudo teve por objetivos compreender a dinâmica familiar de famílias que possuem filhos adolescentes envolvidos com o abuso de drogas, na perspectiva de suas mães, e compreender a história de vida familiar. O estudo utilizou enfoque qualitativo de pesquisa e os dados foram coletados por meio de um roteiro de entrevista semi-estruturado elaborado com base na modalidade história de vida temática. Participaram quatro mães de adolescentes usuários de substâncias psicoativas atendidas pelo Programa de Saúde da Família de um município do interior paulista. A coleta de dados foi realizada em encontros individuais, previamente agendados com as mães. As entrevistas foram audiogravadas e transcritas na íntegra e literalmente. Além disso, paralelamente a cada entrevista realizada, foi redigido um diário de campo. Após a digitação, as falas foram enumeradas para facilitar posterior localização no momento da categorização. A análise dos dados foi orientada visando à identificação dos temas que emergiram, individualmente, e posteriormente no conjunto de entrevistas, com a finalidade de construir categorias gerais. O corpus de pesquisa foi analisado à luz do referencial psicanalítico adotado para o presente estudo, fundamentado nos estudos de Berenstein, Eiguer e Kalina. Os resultados mostraram, em linhas gerais, o impacto da transmissão psíquica na história de vida familiar e sua contribuição na produção de sofrimento emocional, que culminou com o adoecimento não só do membro identificado, como também das famílias que vivenciavam o uso de substâncias psicoativas na adolescência. O relato das mães permitiu desvelar histórias de vida marcadas pela violência crônica, distanciamento afetivo e um padrão de abandono recorrente, que constituíram legados transmitidos intergeracionalmente, sem possibilidades de transformação. Compreender o adoecimento e seu significado na adolescência implica na compreensão da dinâmica familiar na qual o adolescente encontra-se inserido e na qual a herança psíquica é transmitida entre gerações. O estudo traz subsídios importantes para o planejamento de ações terapêuticas lastreadas na consideração do fenômeno do abuso de substâncias psicoativas como inseparável dos processos de subjetivação contemporâneos. / The family, along its socio-historical process, passed by crisis and changes, recreating itself according to time and local context, adopting for both distinctive styles. Despite these changes the organization family remains the axis of reference to procreation and socialization of the new generations, as well as the support base that the individual has in the course of his psychosexual development process. Throughout the life cycle, the family plays diverse roles and exercises specifics functions being considered the platform of support and structure of the psyche since the dawn of the relation mother-baby. In this case, studies have appointed the family like being a fundamental space of psychic transmission. Given these assumptions, the literature supports that this organization would have a decisive impact on the process of health and illness of the individuals, including about the abusive use of psychoactive substances in the adolescence. Thus, it is imperative to devote attention from the family, through an approach that takes into account the history, structure and dynamics of family relationships and their integration into the wider social context. Faced with this problem, this study aimed to understand the family dynamics of families with teenage children involved in drug abuse in the perspective of their mothers, and understand the history of family life. The study used qualitative approach to research and data were collected through a structured interview script semi-structured based in the modality life history theme. Participated four mothers of teenagers users of psychoactive substances attended by the Family Health Problem of a town in the countryside of São Paulo state. The collect of data was performed in individual meetings, previously scheduled with the mothers. The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed and literally. Moreover, in parallel to each interview, was written a diary. After typing, the lines were listed to facilitate subsequent location at the time of categorization. The analysis was guided in order to identify the themes that emerged, individually, and later in the interviews in order to build broad categories. The body of research has been examined in the light of psychoanalysis adopted for the present study, based on studies of Berenstein, Eiguer and Kalina. The results showed, in general, the impact of psychic transmission in the history of family life and their contribution to the production of emotional distress, which led to the illness of a member not only identified but also the families who experienced the use of psychoactive substances in adolescence. The report of the mothers allowed us to reveal stories of life marked by chronic violence, emotional distance and a pattern of neglect applicant, which were transmitted intergenerational legacy without the possibility of transformation. Understanding the disease and its significance in adolescence involves the understanding of family dynamics in which the adolescent is inserted and in which the psychic inheritance is passed between generations. The study provides important information for the planning of therapeutic actions backed into consideration the phenomenon of substance abuse as inseparable from the contemporary subjectivity.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-04T18:28:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudia Mezzarano Faria.pdf: 515723 bytes, checksum: 0a4f508dfa9e9c03f903b1a3eb2bac59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-24 / The aim of this study was to clarify Winnicott s understandings of the psychosomatic problems, especially those related to the genesis, dynamics and potential treatment, thus contributing to the development of his psychosomatic theory. Several cases and clinical vignettes with psychosomatic symptoms and references, scattered in his work, were gathered, organized and classified. Data analysis was based on these references in relation to the theory. Beginning with the notions of integration psyche-soma and personalization, Winnicott considers the real psychosomatic disorder related to primary (early) development processes. He assumes the commonly called psychosomatic disorder phenomenon is only the body-psyche connection (linkage). Furthermore, he assumes that in several cases, the physical manifestations of psycho-emotional difficulties are natural phenomenon of human life and part of the maturation process. The classification of cases and clinical vignettes was proposed as follows: False psychosomatic disorder versus True psychosomatic disorder , in order to distinguish the phenomenon that is routinely taken as a psychosomatic disorder, but that only indicates the psyche-soma intimate relationship, from the true psychosomatic disorder, in Winnicott?s concept, and the False psychosomatic disorder subcategories Natural reaction versus Pathological symptom , to separate natural physical manifestations of emotional difficulties from some kind of psychopathology, although not characterized as a real psychosomatic disorder. The genesis, dynamics and potential treatment of a psychosomatic symptom depends on the category it fits. By analyzing and systematizing the Winnicott material (work), we intended to contribute to deepening his theory and to solving the empiric-clinical problem of the psychosomatic phenomena. / Essa pesquisa objetivou explicitar a compreens?o que Winnicott teve dos problemas psicossom?ticos, principalmente em rela??o ? g?nese, din?mica e possibilidade de tratamento, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de sua teoria psicossom?tica. Procurou-se reunir, organizar e classificar diversos casos e vinhetas cl?nicas, dispersos na obra de Winnicott, nos quais h? refer?ncia aos sintomas psicossom?ticos. A an?lise dos dados se deu a partir da rela??o desses com a teoria winnicottiana. A partir das no??es de Integra??o psiquesoma e Personaliza??o, Winnicott considera que o dist?rbio psicossom?tico verdadeiro est? relacionado com falhas em processos primitivos do desenvolvimento, e ressalta que o fen?meno que comumente ? chamado de dist?rbio psicossom?tico refere-se apenas ?s vincula??es entre o corpo e o psiquismo. Al?m disso, Winnicott afirma que, muitas vezes, as manifesta??es f?sicas advindas de dificuldades psicoemocionais s?o fen?menos naturais que fazem parte da vida e do processo de amadurecimento. Dessa forma, foram propostas as seguintes classifica??es para os casos e vinhetas cl?nicas: Falso dist?rbio psicossom?tico versus Verdadeiro dist?rbio psicossom?tico , com o intuito de diferenciar o fen?meno que corriqueiramente ? chamado de dist?rbio psicossom?tico, mas que apenas indica a ?ntima rela??o entre psique e soma, do dist?rbio psicossom?tico verdadeiro, na concep??o winnicottiana, e as subcategorias Rea??o natural versus Sintoma patol?gico , dentro da categoria Falso dist?rbio psicossom?tico , que indica que algumas manifesta??es f?sicas devem ser caracterizadas apenas como modos de se reagir ?s dificuldades inerentes ? vida, enquanto que outras indicam a presen?a de alguma psicopatologia, ainda que n?o se caracterize como um dist?rbio psicossom?tico verdadeiro. A g?nese, a din?mica e a forma de se tratar um problema psicossom?tico depende da categoria na qual ele se enquadre. Ao sistematizar e analisar esse material apresentado por Winnicott procurou-se contribuir para o aprofundamento de sua teoria e para a resolu??o do problema emp?rico-cl?nico dos fen?menos psicossom?ticos.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:39:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vera Regina Ferraz de Laurentiis.pdf: 744409 bytes, checksum: 2702b70385a73533c661c01e5612e92d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-06-04 / The objective of this paper is to explain the somatic aspects inherent to the Winnicottian maturational theory from the initial moment to the so-called I am phase, to assist the psychoanalyst with the comprehension of the clinical phenomena that occur in the soma but are not able to be verbalised. To this end, I have briefly expounded on the theoretical change made by Winnicott and the substitution of the traditional psychoanalytical guidetheory of sexuality by the maturational theory and the Oedipal example for that of the baby on its mother s lap. The distancing from metapsychology and the consolidation of a descriptive language aims to draw closer to the clinical phenomena. Focusing on the interaction between the so-called living body and the human environment, highlighting the imaginative elaboration of the soma and the primary psychosomatic character of Winnicottian theory. Expounding on that which the author denominates as inhabiting the psyche in the soma and the integration of instinct with the self, which is at the foundation of future instinctive dualistic and/or pluralistic relations. Through these propositions, one can understand the author s sense of the I am phase, as that of a moment in which, with the constitution of a body scheme, the baby acquires a place to exist and experience the world / Este trabalho teve por objetivo explicitar os aspectos somáticos inerentes à teoria winnicottiana do amadurecimento, dos momentos iniciais até a etapa denominada eu sou , para instrumentalizar o psicanalista para a compreensão de fenômenos clínicos que têm incidência no soma e não são verbalizáveis. Para tanto, explicitou-se brevemente a mudança teórica operada por Winnicott e a substituição da tradicional teoria-guia psicanalítica da sexualidade pela teoria do amadurecimento e do exemplar edípico para o do bebê no colo da mãe, o afastamento da metapsicologia e a consolidação de uma linguagem descritiva que busca a reaproximação dos fenômenos clínicos. Com o foco nas interações entre o assim chamado corpo vivo e o ambiente humano, destacando-se o teor gestual das primeiras elaborações, elucidou-se o caráter primariamente psicossomático da teoria winnicottiana e explicitaram-se os fundamentos daquilo que o autor denominou alojamento da psique no soma e da integração da instintualidade ao si-mesmo, que estão na base das futuras relações instintuais duais e triádicas. Com essas proposições, pôde-se compreender o sentido do estágio do eu sou para o autor, como um momento em que, com a constituição de um esquema corporal, o bebê conquista um lugar para ser e ter experiências no mundo

D. H. Lawrence believed the individual psyche to consist of two parts: the active unconsciousness and the mental consciousness. The active unconsciousness is a sort of life force within the individual, and one that allows the individual a true connection to the world. It is also closely related to the body, and sometimes called “blood-being” or “blood-consciousness.” The mental consciousness could be said to be the “intellect” in the individual psyche, dealing with abstractions and ideas. Lawrence insists that contemporary society’s prioritizing of the functions of the mental consciousness leads individuals to allow it too much influence over their life. This ultimately leads them to become dominating, willful and deadly. Lawrence’s 1920 novel Women in Love is an allegory of what Lawrence saw as the detrimental effect on individuals by the over-emphasis on rationality in contemporary society, and also of the struggle to find a way back to a more natural way of existing in the world. This essay argues that the processes of, and struggle between, the mental consciousness and active unconsciousness, are illustrated in images of water. Surface and merging imagery connotes denial of or loss of contact with the active unconsciousness, eventually leading the individual to seek death. Flood and submersion imagery connotes a possibility to find a way back to a life lived in and through the active unconsciousness. Fountain imagery and images of water connoting growth and openness connote the strong, creative life force inherent in the active unconsciousness. However, some water imagery in the novel also contradicts any notion of a stable balance—Lawrence universe is one where death and destruction is a necessary component of life and creativity.

Multidimensional aesthetics in photomedia practice shift the emphasis away from the culturally dominating singularity of the camera's eye-piece towards a supple interplay of semi-transparent image planes and shifting positions. Using various image-capture devices that can produce digital, film, still or moving pictures, I create bodies of work that invite the viewer to see many perspectives simultaneously. The challenge is to implement the effectiveness of the technologies and simultaneously dislodge those principles and values fundamental to their imperialist cultural backgrounds. My practice investigates a diplomatic negotiability of aesthetic language to accommodate conceptual and cultural difference/s. Located on the print surface or in animated sequences are symbolic representations that disclose histories, cultures, times and places in subtle and ambiguous ways. The interplay of allure and resistance, repetition and change, are strategies that reveal the delicate and paradoxical nature of the multidimensional psyche.