Abstract: This article concentrates on the South African National Defence Force (SANDF), as a South African public sector department, its acceptance of the Batho Pele principles and the implementation of various organisational performance improvement programmes. However, despite accepting the principles and the programmes, it is uncertain whether the SANDF institutionalised them in order to effect continuous performance improvement.

The radio is a medium we often listen to whilst doing something else. We wake up, do the dishes, cook or drive to work. Radio as a medium reaches many people, regardless of whether it is through conscious or unconscious listening. We thereby thought it was an important medium to scrutinize in our study. The focus of our study is on the gender representation in P3 Nyheters broadcasts. We scrutinize the representation of gender as well as looking at potential differences in the way men and women are heard. The theoretical frame of reference of the study is primarily based on the agenda-setting theory, which is built on the notion that the media is involved in deciding what subjects we have opinions about, since these subjects are often the ones highlighted by the media. The gender perspective with its theses concerning homosexuality, the masculine norm and the gender stereotypic contract is another theoretic source that the study is based upon. We are also utilizing the theses of hard and soft news to emphasize who gets to talk about what in regards to what is traditionally perceived as feminine and masculine. The results show in a comprehensive way that the stereotypic genders that were created during the ancient time, still remain. Women usually have their say regarding unenlightened public opinion, consumer, neighbor, mother or wife of the man the story is really concerning. The men on the other hand have their say in topics where they get to shine in matters seen as of political relevance and importance to society. The women are under-represented and are portrayed as victims while the men are over-represented and are perceived as experts, which contribute to enhancing stereotypic genders with the masculine norm within the power center of society. The studied material clearly shows signs that P3 Nyheter is far from equal in regards to gender representation, hence, we believe that representation of gender in media is a field that demands more research in order to change or break the masculine norms of the mediasphere.

Uppsatsen undersöker förändringar i SVTs utbud av barnprogram samt förändringen i bilder, tilltal och vilka som får komma till tals i nyhetsprogrammet Lilla Aktuellt. Uppsatsen undersöker vecka 37 mellan åren 2000 och 2012 med nedslag vartannat år (2000, 2002 etc.). Uppsatsen består två analyser, varav den ena är en kvantitativ analys. Den fokuserar på SVTs utbud av barnprogram. Fokus ligger på programtyp, genre, utseende och ursprungsland. Totalt analyserades 629 barnprogram. Analysen har, precis som resten av uppsatsen, Ingegerd Rydins bok (2000) Barnens röster – program för barn i Sveriges radio och television 1925-1999 som teoretisk ram. Uppsatsen innehåller även en kvalitativ del där programmet Lilla Aktuellt analyseras. Totalt analyserades sju program, ett från varje undersökningsår, med fokus på bilder, tilltal och vilka som får komma till tals. Delen har förutom Rydin även Terje Hillesunds bok (1994) Står det noe nytt? samt Kristina Lundgren, Birgitta Ney, Torsten Thuréns bok (1999) Nyheter – att läsa tidningstext som teoretisk ram. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att serier ökar i takt med underhållning och datoranimerade program. Dessutom minskar dramatiseringar och program med grund i verkliga miljöer. Även den totala programtiden har ökat samtidigt som tiden för journalistiskt inriktade program minskat. Vad gäller Lilla Aktuellt finns små förändringar i tilltal. Det har gått från näst intill barnsligt de första åren, via väldigt seriöst för att sedan landa i en varm ton som ändå är seriös. Bildurvalet har förändrats på så sätt att inslagen blivit mer kreativa i sina utformningar. Redaktionen har även blivit mer medveten om att undvika stereotyper och könsroller i inslagen som produceras.

Background: Science journalism is essential for keeping citizens of democracies informed and educated, this is part of the public service concept. However, some authors assume much arbitrariness of selectivity mark science news as a peculiar journalistic genre. This study investigates how science news are valued alongside general news in swedish public service programme Rapport. Method: The science features from two years of prime time broadcasts of Rapport was analyzed quantitatively by means of content analysis. Results: Studies with some connection to Sweden, a ”human angle”, emphasizing health risk, seems most likely to be covered. Conclusions: Put into context, the results was interpreted as invalid in some respects that support the conjecture of the peculiar nature of science news. The findings therefore suggest that news value theory needs special revision to account for newsworthiness in science.

This thesis provides an overview to a series of reforms undertaken at RAI (Radiotelevisione Italiana), the Italian public service broadcasting company between June 1993 and April 1996. The reform process began as a direct result of the collapse of the Christian Democrats and its coalition partners after 45 years of continuous government and was initiated by the centre-left 'Technocrat' government led by the former governor of the Bank of Italy, Carlo Azeglio Ciampi (April 1993 to May 1994); it was also continued by the centre-right Berlusconi government (May 1994 to December 1994) and by the centre-left Dini technocrat government (January 1995 to April 1996). The research aims to focus on two related topics in order to fully explain the broad social, economic and political context within which the reforms took place. Firstly, especial interest wil be given to an historical analysis of public service provision in Italy in the light of the twin pressures coming from the state and market. Historically, these twin pressures have had a detrimental effect on public service broadcasting in Italy. Secondly, the research also focuses on the impact of the reform process on the functioning of public service broadcasting in Italy. It identifies four areas of RAJ's operations which merit special attention: the system of political occupation, the so-called lottizzazione; the internal network system; the devolution of Raitre; and RAI and Fininvest-Mediaset duopoly. This thesis uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies, including primary and secondary analysis and interviews with key architects of the reform process.

Cultural diversity is a central issue of our times, although with different emphases in the European and Australian context. Media and communication studies have begun to draw on work in translation studies to understand how diversity is experienced across hybrid cultures. Translation is required both for multilingual (multicultural) societies such as Australia and for trans-national entities such as the European Union. Translation is also of increasing importance politically and even emotionally as individual nations and regions face the challenge of globalisation, migration, and the Americanisation of media content. The thesis draws on cultural and media policy analysis. Programming strategies are reviewed and 'conversational' interviews conducted with broadcasting managers and staff at SBS Australia and across multilingual public broadcasters in the EU (BBC WS, Deutsche Welle, ARTE, Radio Multikulti Berlin, Barcelona Televisió). These are used to investigate the issues, challenges, and uses of the multilingual broadcasting logic for Australia's and Europe's cultural realities. This thesis uses the concept of 'translation' as a key metaphor for bridging differences and establishing connections among multicultural citizens in the context of the European Union and Australia. It is proposed that of the two versions of translation - institutional in the EU and mediated in Australia respectively - the mediated version has achieved higher success in engaging ordinary citizens in more affective, informal and everyday forms of cross-cultural communication. Specifically, the experience of the Special Broadcasting Service (Australia's multilingual and multicultural public broadcaster) serves as a model to illuminate the cultural consequences of the failure of the EU to develop translation practices beyond the level of official, institutional and political communication. The main finding is the identification of a need for more mediated interlingual exchange; that is a translation of language policy in Europe into media experience for ordinary citizen-consumers, at both institutional and textual levels.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Ohio University, June, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-171)

Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1992. / Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2712. Abstract precedes thesis as 2 preliminary leaves. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-98).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1997. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [47]-54).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1988.