Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:36:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuizANS_DISSERT.pdf: 2674428 bytes, checksum: 6ca59e4c3517730a1f66854f126c76b7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / This research reflects the relationship between Master and Disciple original from the Martial Arts, and anchors their focus on sensitive education that emerges from this relationship. The interest here is knowing how the tradition of millenarian teachings is passed through the years, and how it gives from the relationship of Master and Disciple. To that end, I lean me in that context and also reflect on my experience as a Disciple of the Martial Arts, to that end, I lean me in that context and also reflect on my experience as a Disciple of the Martial Arts, and is from the immemorial fund that can give voice to that experience, through my body attached in the world of significations in which the experience lived is narrated by the story. Anchored from the phenomenological attitude from the philosopher french Maurice Merleau-Ponty, I think this research on three central pillars to guide our study categories, namely: the lived experience, body and liberty. Still, as a form of highlighting this sensitive work, beyond the texts of the philosopher Merleau-Ponty, we bring our dialogue of the cinema, literature and the writings of some the Masters of Martial Arts. For that, I think this research as a journey, where it, Master and Disciple march together in the ways of Martial Arts, baptizing and celebrating this sensitive education from that relationship affective and empathic / Esta pesquisa reflete a rela??o Mestre e Disc?pulo origin?ria das Artes Marciais, e ancora seu enfoque na educa??o sens?vel que emerge dessa rela??o. O interesse aqui ? saber como a tradi??o de ensinamentos milenares ? perpassada ao longo dos anos, e como isso se d? a partir da rela??o Mestre e Disc?pulo. Para tanto, debru?o-me nesse contexto e reflito tamb?m sobre minha experi?ncia enquanto Disc?pulo de Artes Marciais, e ? a partir do fundo imemorial que consigo dar voz a essa experi?ncia, atrav?s do meu corpo atado a esse mundo de significa??es, no qual a experi?ncia vivida ? narrada pela hist?ria. Pautado a partir da atitude fenomenol?gica do filosofo franc?s Maurice Merleau-Ponty, penso essa pesquisa sobre tr?s eixos centrais que ostentam nossas categorias de estudo, a saber: experi?ncia vivida, corpo e liberdade. Ainda, como forma de enaltecer essa obra sens?vel, al?m dos textos do fil?sofo Merleau-Ponty, trazemos para nosso di?logo o cinema, a literatura e os escritos de alguns Mestres de Artes Marciais. Para tanto, penso esta pesquisa como uma jornada, onde nela, Mestre e Disc?pulo marcham juntos pelos caminhos das Artes Marciais, batizando e celebrando essa educa??o sens?vel a partir dessa rela??o afetiva e emp?tica

International terrorism is a relevant and acute issue to deal with for most states across the globe. The horrors and fear of the 9/11 terrorist attacks in 2001 in New York and Washington left governments with new priorities and challenges to cooperate and coordinate efforts to combat terrorism. Governments in Southeast Asia have been faced with the threat of terrorism for several decades, although it has increased during the last decade. This case study sets out to trace and analyze terrorism in Southeast Asia from a neo-realist perspective. The first research question deals with the fact that the region is being referred to as the “second front” on the war on terror, or as a “terrorist haven”. Further, by using a neo-realist framework, an analysis of the situation and the actions of governments in the region will be provided. Finally, according to neo-realist theory, regional cooperation is only peripheral to the actual struggles of power and balancing that states are involved in. Yet the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) is arguably an actor in combating terrorism in the region. Therefore, one of the objectives is to analyze these initiatives and to provide reflections for further action.

The goal of this study is to ascertain how Thailand wages counterinsurgency (COIN). Thailand has waged two successful COINs in the past and is currently waging a third on its southern border. The lessons learned from Thailand’s COIN campaigns could result in modern irregular warfare techniques valuable not only to Thailand and neighboring countries with similar security problems, but also to countries like the United States and the United Kingdom that are currently reshaping their irregular warfare doctrines in response to the situations in Afghanistan and Iraq. The first set of COIN lessons comes from Thailand’s successful 1965-85 communist COIN. The second set comes from Bangkok’s understudied 1980s-90s COIN against southern separatists. The third set comes from Thailand’s current war against ethnic Malay separatists and radical Islamic insurgents attempting to secede and form a separate state called “Patani Raya,” among other names. Counterinsurgency is a difficult type of warfare for four reasons: (1) it can take years to succeed; (2) the battle space is poorly defined; (3) insurgents are not easily identifiable; and (4) war typically takes place among a civilian population that the guerrillas depend on for auxiliary support. Successful COINs include not only precise force application operations based on quality intelligence, but also lasting social and economic programs, political empowerment of the disenfranchised, and government acceptance of previously ignored cultural realities. Background: In 1965, communist insurgents, backed by the People’s Republic of China and the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam), began waging an insurgency against Thailand in order to overthrow its government and install a Marxist regime. The Thai government struggled, both politically and militarily, to contain the movement for years, but eventually, it prevailed. Its success was based on a combination of effective strategy and coordination, plus well-designed and run security, political, and economic programs, the latter nowadays called the “three pillars of COIN,” a phrase developed by David Kilcullen, a modern COIN theorist and practitioner. One of Bangkok’s most successful initiatives was the CPM program (civil-military-police), which used a linked chain of local forces, police, and the military to not only provide security for villages, but also economic aid and administrative training to rural peoples. State political programs that undercut communist political programs backed by masterful diplomacy and a constant barrage of rural works helped erode the communist position. The 1980s-90s COIN against southern separatists followed similar lines. The far South’s four border provinces, comprised of 80 percent ethnic Malay Muslims, had been in revolt on and off for decades since Bangkok annexed the area in 1902. Bangkok had waged haphazard COIN campaigns against rebel groups there for decades with mixed results. But after the successful communist COIN was up and running in 1980, Bangkok decided to apply similar ways and means to tackle the southern issue. The government divided its COIN operations into two components: a security component run by a task force called CPM-43, and a political-economic component run by the Southern Border Provinces Administrative Center, or SB-PAC. SB-PAC also had a Special Branch investigative capacity. Combined, the 80s-90s southern COIN strategy relied on extensive military intelligence networks to curb violence, civilian administrators to execute local political reforms, and local politicians to apply traditional Malay and Muslim problem solving techniques to keep the peace. These programs worked well against the multitude of southern insurgent groups that conducted sporadic attacks against government and civilian targets while also running organized criminal syndicates. By the end of the 1990s, with a dose of Thailand’s famed diplomacy and help from Malaysia’s Special Branch, Bangkok defeated the southern separatists. In January 2004, however, a new separatist movement in southern Thailand emerged – one based on ethnic Malay separatism and radical Islam. It is a well-coordinated movement with effective operational expertise that attacks at a higher tempo than past southern rebel groups. It moreover strikes civilian targets on a regular basis, thereby making it a terrorist group. Overall, it dwarfs past southern movements regarding motivation and scale of violence. Thai officials think the Barisan Revolusi Nasional Coordinate, or BRN-C, leads the current rebellion, but there are several other groups that claim to also lead the fight. Members of the insurgency are nearly exclusively ethnic Malays and Muslims. The movement demonstrates radical Islamic tendencies thought its propaganda, indoctrination, recruitment, and deeds. It is a takfiri group that kills other Muslims who do not share its religious beliefs, so it wrote in its spiritual rebel guidebook, Fight for the Liberation of Patani. BRN-C seeks to separate the four southernmost provinces of Pattani, Yala, Narathiwat, and Songkhla from Thailand in order to establish an Islamic republic. The separatists base their revolt on perceived military, economic, cultural, and religious subjugation going back to the early 1900s. And they have a point. The central government has, at different times in the past, indeed treated southerners with tremendous disdain and sometimes violence – especially those considered insurgents. But Bangkok has also instituted scores of economic and social aid programs in the south – mosque building, college scholarships, and medical aid, for example – so it has not been a continual anti-Muslim “blood fest” as government detractors have painted it. Still the maltreatment, certainly many times less than yesteryear, has provided today’s insurgents with ideological fodder for a steady stream of recruits and supporters. Combined with radical Islam, it has bonded the insurgents to a significant degree. Statistically, in the 2005-07-time frame, insurgents assassinated 1.09 people a day, detonated 18.8 bombs a month, and staged 12.8 arson attacks a month. In 2005, they conducted 43 raids and 45 ambushes. The militants target security forces, government civilians, and the local population. They have killed fellow Muslims and beheaded numerous Buddhist villagers. The insurgents’ actions have crippled the South’s education system, justice system, and commerce, and also have maligned Buddhist-Muslim relations. Overall, the separatists pose a direct threat to Thailand’s south and an indirect threat to the rest of the country. Moreover, their radical Islamic overtones have potential regional and global terrorist implications. The Thai Government spent much of 2004 attempting to ascertain whether the high level of violence was, in fact, an insurgency. To begin with, the government, led by PM Thaksin Shinawatra, was puzzled by the fact that the separatists had not published a manifesto or approached Bangkok with a list of demands. By mid-2004, however, the insurgents had staged a failed, region-wide revolt, and their prolific leaflet and Internet propaganda campaign clearly demonstrated that a rebel movement was afoot. By fall 2005, the separatists had made political demands via the press, all of which centered on secession. By 2006, a coup against PM Thaksin succeeded and the military government that replaced him instituted a new COIN strategy for the south that by 2008 had reduced violence by about 40 percent. Some of the tenets of this new strategy were based on Thailand’s past successful COIN strategies. Whether or not the government has concocted a winning strategy for the future, however, remains to be seen. This paper analyses these COIN campaigns through the COIN Pantheon, a conceptual model the author developed as an analytical tool. It is based on David Kilcullen’s three pillars of COIN.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:58:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_vera_cristina_santos.pdf: 4989214 bytes, checksum: 2d12bb73509439548d69005d429341e8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-06-24 / This study tries to characterize pedagogical practices in Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry/Trigonometry in the 1920s, in the oldest official School of the State of São Paulo. These studies analyse questions, which create the Mathematics subject according to the Reformation Francisco Campos . Based upon the field of studies named history of school subjects , the work uses important sources of research from school files, emphasizing students tests and final exams / O estudo busca caracterizar as práticas pedagógicas das disciplinas Aritmética, Álgebra e Geometria/Trigonometria, nos anos 1920, no mais antigo ginásio oficial do Estado de São Paulo. A partir dessa caracterização, analisa as questões surgidas para a criação da disciplina Matemática, no âmbito da Reforma Francisco Campos . Embasando-se no campo de pesquisa denominado história das disciplinas escolares , o trabalho toma como fontes privilegiadas de pesquisa, os arquivos escolares, com destaque para as provas e exames dos alunos

Orientador: Fernando Teixeira da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-14T00:27:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moratelli_Thiago_M.pdf: 2391577 bytes, checksum: ebf099c7ddc4c4f30cc108bc3d37150f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Esta dissertação trata da história social dos trabalhadores da construção da estrada de ferro Noroeste do Brasil. O estudo aborda o sistema de trabalho adotado durante a realização das obras de construção da ferrovia e as experiências dos trabalhadores em São Paulo e Mato Grosso entre 1905 e 1914. Apesar de atravessar terrenos difíceis e insalubres em sua maior parte, a estrada de ferro Noroeste do Brasil foi construída em tempo recorde devido à mobilização de milhares de trabalhadores recrutados em diversas regiões do país e do exterior. A dissertação considera a construção da ferrovia como um empreendimento em si mesmo. Neste sentido, analisa o processo de recrutamento dos trabalhadores, as condições de vida de trabalho, a luta da imprensa operária contra a ferrovia, a criminalidade e aspectos do cotidiano e do mundo do trabalho da construção da estrada de ferro Noroeste do Brasil / Abstract: This dissertation is a social history laborers in the construction of Noroeste do Brasil railroad system. The study deals with the labor system adopted during the realization of the railroad tracks and worker's experiences in São Paulo and Mato Grosso between 1905 and 1914. Although the majority Noroeste do Brasil railroad spans very difficult and unhealthy terrain, it was constructed in record time due to the mobilization of thousands of workers recruited from diverse regions of the country, within and outside the boundaries of the nation. The dissertation considers the construction of the railroad as an undertaking in itself. In this sense, it analyzes the process of recruitment, worker's living conditions, and the fight by the working class press against the construction of the railroad, criminality, and other aspects of quotidian life in the construction of Noroeste do Brasil railroad system / Mestrado / Historia Social / Mestre em História