: Goal of the investigation is to find out what are the nurses in the care of patients with violent behavior. The second objective is to find out what skills nurses must be in preventing violence. The aim is to find out how the nurses, before it is attacked.: The empirical part of the thesis was used qualitative method of investigation. The data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews. The data has been rewritten and coded to specific categories and subcategories. The file of a total of 14, internal, gastroenterologického, trauma and surgery, intensive care units and gastroenterologii internally in an unnamed district hospital in South Bohemian Region.Research objectives have been identified and described the investigation in results.The investigation on the basis of research, which has shown that the general be interested in either a course or seminar on violence in health is my recommendation for the practice plan a conference.

Abstract This diploma thesis, titled "Ensuring intimacy and dignity in patients on urgent reception, self-evident or a luxury?", highlights the issue of respecting human dignity and ensuring intimacy in treating patients on urgent admission. The above issues are currently lagging the prestige of modern healing and nursing practices. In intensive care and therefore in urgent arrivals, an inpatient health care system is being developed, where maintaining the dignity of a person and ensuring his intimacy is very complicated. At a slow pace, this issue moves to the forefront of the public's interests, both professional and lay, particularly from the point of view of patients who have some experience with healthcare. The aim of this diploma thesis was to map the provision of intimacy and respect for dignity in patients on emergency reception by treating staff. The theoretical part of this thesis describes areas such as dignity, intimacy, holism, the needs of the sick, as well as communication and burnout syndrome and the functioning of urgent income as such in a brief description. The practical part of the work was elaborated by the method of qualitative research using the techniques of semi-structured interview with patients who were treated for urgent income and with emergency care staff, combined with the secret observation of the work of the emergency care staff. Interviews and observation took place in April 2017, at the Emergency in Hospital. Permit for research was issued by the Deputy Minister for Nursing. The research group consisted of 10 nurses working on urgent admissions and 10 patients treated in this department. The research shows that nurses have a very good knowledge of dignified care and patient intimacy, but in terms of putting this knowledge into practice, this area is under the supervision of the department's staff to work on it and to deal with it more closely. In patients pointed out to insufficient awareness of the course of treatment, applied medications, and a lack of privacy in nursing. Almost the most discussed issue is communicating personal data and health problems in the emergency waiting room to a nurse, without any possibility of privacy. Some factors that interfere with dignified and intimate care relate to areas of rather structural and organizational adjustments to the department and will be proposed for further solutions.

The overall development of scientific and technical disciplines has enabled the introduction of minimally invasive surgical techniques in cardiac surgery practice. Implementation of minimally invasive cardiac surgery brings many positive effects for patients and healthcare. At the same time, however, it requires for the nurses to have appropriate knowledge, skills and experience to effectively provide comprehensive nursing care. The thesis is divided into theoretical and empirical parts. A total of four objectives were set. The first goal determines the specifics of nursing care of the patient before and after minimally invasive cardiac surgery. The second mapping the differences in nursing care in minimally invasive cardiac surgery from heart surgery classical approach. The third objective determines the role of nurses in patient awareness of minimally-invasive cardiac surgery. The fourth objective is focused on the needs and feelings of patients undergoing minimally invasive cardiac surgery. The results of qualitative research showed that preoperative and postoperative nursing care for minimally invasive cardiac surgery is similar to nursing care before and after cardiac surgery by standard median sternotomy approach. Nurses often wipe away differences associated with nursing care of standard and minimally invasive surgery, differences arose mainly after analysis of the data obtained. The differences include shorter hospital stay, shorter duration of mechanical ventilation, lower incidence of postoperative confusion, differences in invasive inputs, rehabilitation and awareness. For the majority of respondents from the ranks of the patients minimally invasive heart surgery technique had clearly positive impact on their mental condition.

Numerous separate legal norms dealing with the individual spheres of everyday life exist in the Czech Republic at present; some acts mutually overleap and complement one another. Provision of healthcare and healthcare services is regulated by numerous international and national regulations in compliance with adherence to the basic human rights. The healthcare law issues are particularly dealt with by Act No. 372/2011 Col. on healthcare services and the conditions of their prevision, which became effective on 1 April 2012 and substituted Act No. 20/1966 Col. on people health care. Acceptance of the Healthcare Service Act completed the post-revolution changes in healthcare. The Act represents a relatively comprehensive system of rules, among others it regulates the rights and obligations of patients, healthcare providers and healthcare staff in provision of healthcare services. Recodification of the private law was completed in 2012. Act No. 89/2012 Col., the Civil Code was passed within that. It became effective on 1 January. This thesis is divided into five chapters including the conclusion. The first chapter tries to outline the development of the legal norms in healthcare and social sphere in our country. The development of the social-healthcare policy of the state from the late 19th century was later slowed down by the world economy crisis, the Second World War and the consequent normalization. The second chapter gives a brief introduction in the healthcare issues and is divided into several subchapters. It defines the basic terms health and disease. It specifies the individual models of human approach to health, the structure of the Czech healthcare; a part of the chapter deals with the physician-patient relation, particularly with its modification from the paternalistic approach of a physician to a patient to the partnership relation, in which a physician and a patient become equal partners. The third chapter introduces the international and national regulations forming a part of the current healthcare legislation. This legal norm expresses the willingness of the society not only in the Czech Republic to protect the basic values of a human being in healthcare provision. The fourth part of the thesis focuses in detail on selected spheres of provision of healthcare and healthcare services under the effectiveness of Act No. 372/2011 Col. on Healthcare Services and the newly passed Act No. 89/2012 Col., the Civil Code. The new regulation introduces a new type of contractual relation, a contract of healthcare, which should regulate the legal mode of the healthcare provision, including the position of a healthcare provider and a patient in healthcare provision. It also includes a complex regulation of intervention into natural person's integrity and the necessity of his/her agreement with such an intervention. This part of the thesis examines the relation between the Healthcare Service Act and the new Civil Code. The aim of the thesis was to map the previous and the new healthcare legislations and to specify the basic differences in the legal norms, and to assess the consequences of the changes in the regulations for a patient upon comparison of both the legal norms. This thesis is a theoretical one, based on detailed studying and on a content analysis of particularly regulations, specialized literature and further available sources. The conclusion, i.e. the fifth chapter summarizes selected problems of provision of healthcare and healthcare services. The new civil code is based on the requirements of the modern society and provides much higher improvement of patient rights. This levels the legal positions of both the involved subjects, the physician and the patient. Healthcare provision is however primarily regulated by the Act on Healthcare Service Provision and the Conditions of their Provision, namely in more detail than by the new Civil Code, which is in the subsidiarity relation to the special regulation.

The current period is characterized by profound scientific and technological progress not only in the medicine but also in the field of nursing, which is now based more on scientific knowledge than ever before. Nursing as a science requires professionally trained nurses providing high quality nursing care. Therefore, the development of modern medicine, particularly in the field of cardiology, justifies the need to change the perception and status of nurses with respect to patient care together with strengthening the prestige and status of nurses in society. The main research intention of the dissertation was to determine how the nursing behaviour in connection with the procedure of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFA) due to atrial fibrillation (AF) is perceived by nurses and patients, what is the impact of the RFA on the life quality of patients with AF, and what is the level of education in patients with AF. To meet these goals the research, the empirical part was divided into two phases. In the first phase, a non-standardized questionnaire was used, role of which was to assess the needs of patients with AF before and after RFA comparing baseline and 1 year follow-up data. In the second phase, which only examined the conditions 1 year after the RFA, a standardized questionnaire CBI - 24 (Caring Behaviour Inventory) was additionally used together with another form with questions investigating education of patients. Further data were obtained from nurses taking care for patients during the medical intervention. The research results show that quality of life of patients with AF before ablation was reduced. Patients´ most common problem areas included pain, physical and mental problems. Our research also showed that if we compared meeting patients´ physical and mental needs, meeting physical needs was evaluated better. Another area under consideration was the education of patients. Evaluated results showed the fact that education was focused on its content rather than its form. Evaluation of the perception of nursing care from the perspective of patients and nurses was the last part of the research. The results of the survey showed that nurses evaluated technical competence better than the humanistic approach to patients. It was also discovered that patients evaluated areas focused on performance of nurses better than creating a relationship of security and safety for patients. Finally, the results indicated that communication is also problematic area. We managed to meet the set goals and gain both theoretical and practical recommendations. Analyzing the results, we found out that there is a need to support humanistic approach in nursing care for cardiac patients, communication and education.

Nursing care for paediatric terminally ill patients in the Czech Republic is continuously evolving and developing. It is important for the nurses to learn to use suitable communication. Theoretical part of this work includes information on terminal stages of illnesses in children and the corresponding care that should be provided. It further focuses on communication with the child and his/her parents. The theoretical background for this work is the conceptual Callista Roy Adaptation model for nursing applied on a paediatric terminally ill patient. The main aim of this work was to focus on revealing features in nurse communication with a child patient with regard to his/her medical diagnosis. We have focused on mapping medical diagnosis for paediatric patients in terminal stage of their illness that evoke communication barriers in nurses involved with the patients. Further step of this research was obtaining the information about the type of barriers the nurses evolve. Another aim was to create educational material for nurses based on information obtained from the research that would lead to improved communication between the nurse and the terminally ill child. A personal aim was also set in this work to gain necessary information and experience for the starting carrier as a paediatric nurse. Five research questions were posed to reach the aims of this work aimed at identifying communication barriers with regard to medical diagnosis child patient in the terminal stage of the disease, barriers in communication with a child patient in the terminal stage of the disease, evaluation of the quality of nurse communication with terminally ill child patients, use of communication aids in nursing care for these patients and we also wanted to know what changes in the communication with the terminally ill children the nurses experienced since the beginning of their working practice. The practical part is divided into two qualitative research investigations. In the first phase of this research eleven nurses working at paediatric oncology wards and eight nurses from hospice care aimed at child patients participated. Half-structured interview technique was used for the research. Based on the practical aim, second phase of the research consisted of evaluation of the impact educational material created as a result of the first phase of the research had on the nurses. The first phase of the research showed that the communication barriers are evoked in nurses by the following diagnoses: bone tumours, brain tumours and multiple sclerosis. Further barriers found in nurses regarding communication with terminally ill patients included: children above 12 years of age, lack of knowledge about suitable communication and about the patient, unsolved issues with own mortality, fear and embarrassment of possible mistakes and the patient personality. Nurses use many means of communication. Nurses noticed changes in communication that happened during their carrier; they mentioned more reassurance, more knowledge, better assessment of the children and suitable timing. They also feel better during the time of mourning, understanding the role of the parents; they feel more humble and respectful towards life itself. Nurses evaluate their level of communication with child patients very positively and have a will to educate themselves further. The nurses showed signs of psychological load. It was also revealed that a psychologist is not functional or altogether missing in their place of work. The second phase of the research showed that nurses welcomed and appreciated the educational material created for them, they found it useful in their nursing practice, they evaluated it as useful for beginner nurses. Based on this material a children book was purchased for the ward. The recommendation for practice is the use of the Callista Roy Adaptation model for nursing. I have personally gained both wide theoretical knowledge and experience from the interviewed nurses.

Nosocomial infections, which do not often relate to the diseases are increasing nowadays. Clostridium difficile belongs to the frequent nosocomial infections and it is known as post-antibiotic colitis. The main reason of colitis is the usage of antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics. The thesis is divided into the theoretical part and practical, as well. Theoretical part describes the division of the nosocomial infections, infection of the intestinal tract, anatomy, physiology of the intestines and infectious diarrhoeal diseases. The thesis is subsequently aimed to the clostridial infections and precautions against the spread of the disease. Practical part is aimed to the knowledge of the nurses, skills and attitude towards this issue.The thesis uses quantitative investigation and technique of the questionnaires, hidden observation of the nurses working on the selected wards and additional interviews with head nurses. The research was conducted in hospital in Tábor, a.s. The questionnaires were distributed on the surgery, orthopaedics, surgical JIP, ARO, ONP, infective ward, rehabilitative ward, TRN, cardio JIP, internal ward-cardio, internal ward-gastro. The thesis was formed from 143 questionnaires and 171 questionnaires were distributed. Hidden observation was made by head nurses from individual wards and it was logged to the relevant observation sheets.From existing findings we can say that there exist specifics of nursing care at the patient with the clostridium difficile. Among to these specifics we can cite the barrier nursing care where we can include the isolation of the patient, disinfection and hygiene of hands,using protectors, appropriate usage of laundries and infectious waste, location of the patient according to the epidemiological perpective and individualization of the tools for the patients. From another investigation ensue that the nurses keep barrier nursing care, superficial disinfecion, decontamination of the tools. From the results is evident that the nurses do not know the methods of the transmission of the clostridial infection. On the base of another investigations we have found out that the nurses do not know principles of the barrier nursing care. In conclusion is it possible to say that the nurses do not have so extensive information, that are essential for care for the patiens with clotridium difficile. In order to care for these patients in right way is neccessary to know principles of the barrier nursing care and keep them all. Keeping the principles of the barrier nursing care is crucial step in preventing the transmission nosocomial infections. The results will be provided to the officials of the individual hospital´s wards as an option of improvement in caring for the patiens with clostridial infection. The results were partially presented at a conference in Tabor´s hospital in May 2014. We recommend to re-train the staff of the hospital, which would be specifically aimed towards the principles of the barrier nursing care and towards the disinfection and decontamination in related to the nosocomial infections. On the base of these findings was made a proposal of the nursing care standard, which would specify and unite the care for the patiens with clostride infection. Subsequently, it would be apropriate to repeat the research in 1 2 years and than both researches compare together.

This diploma paper aims at defining and mapping out patient satisfaction in intensive care units for surgery patients and comparing results in dependence on length of hospitalization and facility. Diploma paper consists of theory and research. Theory is divided into 5 chapters. Empirical part of this diploma paper was carried out using the method of combined research. The first part is created by qualitative research using semi-structured interview, second part comprises quantitative research using non-standardized, structured questionnaire face to face survey. Processed results were arranged into Excel tables and graphs. All research was based on eight dimensions of patient-centered care delineated by the Picker Institute. Qualitative research sample consists of 11 respondents, quantitative research sample comprises 142 respondents. Data collection took place in surgical ward. This diploma paper defines four aims with two related research questions. The first aim is to determine the level of patient satisfaction with postoperative care. The second aim focuses on patient satisfaction with nursing care, the third aim is to define positive and negative factors influencing patient satisfaction in intensive care units and the last aim points at patient satisfaction with nursing care in intensive care units in relation to the type of facility and length of hospitalization. These two quantitative research questions were posed: 1. What are the possibilities to improve patient satisfaction in nursing care? The research survey showed that an area of concern is patient awareness. It is necessary to improve patient awareness after admission to an intensive care unit and during transfer to a standard ward. Pain and insufficient pain relief often occurred. Nurses should cooperate more with doctors in this respect and, above all, monitor patients more and offer alternative ways of pain relief. Other problems were mentioned in relation to bed adjustment possibilities. Despite the fact that nurses were trying to do their best, not all the circumstances could be influenced that way, for example mattress hardness. The last concern area, mentioned by patients, was perceived loneliness. Nurses should conduct considerate and sensitive conversation, create feeling of trust and support patients. The second question: What factors influence patient satisfaction? The results show that it is, above all, nursing staff attitude, followed by patient awareness, pain and sufficient pain relief, intensive unit environment and last but not least bed adaptation. Quantitative part set six presumptions using statistical methods independence test, chi-square test, Yates correction, t-test, and correlation-regression analysis. Questions from the first part of this paper were processed (in percentage) into clearly arranged graphs. Research survey shows that respondents were satisfied with nursing care and nursing staff. Patient awareness during admission to intensive care unit and staff anonymity proved to be the biggest areas of concern. Pain and insufficient pain relief turned out the clear reason for dissatisfaction as well as absence of information about performed surgeries. Conclusion of quantitative research survey showed that there is no statistically significant difference in patient satisfaction according to health-care facility or length of hospitalization.

Introduction Nursing is a independent scientific discipline with one main aim: maintain and support health of population. Nursing care is performed by skilled nurse using nursing techniques. Particular nursing techniques are always modified by current state of health and needs of patient. Together with other disciplines, also nursing must refect changes of the modern age. Nursing practice and theory lead to qualitative changes by implementing of evidence-based practice. Evidence-based practice in nursing is process connecting best nursing experience and expertise of nurses, which together determine the optimal care. Goals of the thesis To complete this thesis, three goals were determined. Firts goal was to find out, what was the source of particular nursing techniques performed by nurses. Second goal was to find out, if "good practise" was used when performing particular nursing techniques. Last goal was to fin out, what was the general knowedge of the "evidence based practise" phrase among nurses. Materials and methods Research investigation of the thesis was performed using the methods of qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative research was perfefomed using the questionnaires distributed among general nurses working at inpatient wards. Results of research were evaluated using graphs and tables. Pearson´s chi square test was used for statistical processing. Qualitative research was executed using the direct observation method. Six different categories were set. Data were colected to record form, which was later on used for analysis of observed figures. Observation was focused on comprehensive hygienic care, divided into following categories: oral hygiene, care of hospital clothing, bathing of not self-sufficient patient, care of nails, skin and washing the hair. Results Results of the thesis allowed to clarify links between performing the hygiene care and evidence-based practise / good practise. These results can also be used as a contribution on coferences regarding this topic and as a material in teaching the nursing. Using the statistically preocessed data, hypotehsis were evaluated. H1: General nurses perform particular nuring techniques more based on habitual practise of their department than on local professional health care standards. H1 was confirmed. H2: General nurses perform particular nursing techniques more based on habitual practise of their department then on EBN. H2 was confirmed. H3: General nurses with the bachelors or masters degree have better awareness of EBN than nurses witout university degree. H3 was confirmed. Research question was asked - What is the role of EBN in particular nursing techniques? Observation study revealed that EBN is not of high importance in performing nursing hygiene care. Conclusion Thesis could highlight weaknesses in providing hygienic care and evidenced based nursing. It could also inspire all who perform their job with joy and respect and wish all the best for their patients. Last but not least, thesis could inspire all who want to provide fist-rate and safe care and leave the work with self-satisfaction.

The concept of basal stimulation is currently one of the most popular concepts in nursing care. Basal stimulation is intended for people with changes in perception and communication. The aim of this thesis was to map the use of basal stimulation in the surgical department of the district hospital of South Bohemia. Furthermore, I investigated the possibilities of using this concept for restless patients hospitalized in a standard surgical ward. The last goal was to determine whether basal stimulation effects medical treatment. The topic of the thesis was researched using expert sources. The research part uses methods of qualitative research. The research was conducted in four phases. The research showed that respondents have little knowledge of the concept of basal stimulation, but showed interest in it during the implementation its elements. The surgical ward, where the research has been conducted, currently does not use any elements of basal stimulation, nor is it being used in the hospital itself. During the research in the surgical ward, only two elements of the basal stimulation were implemented, the application of which is summarized in the tables showing the results of stimulation in the individual case reports. Patients showed both verbally and nonverbally increased levels of well-being, peacefulness, relief and comfort during stimulation. Nurses who participated in the research and monitored the patients also held this view. The third focus of the research did not provide unambiguous data. I focused only on the treatment of pain, the area in which the data obtained proved to be insufficient. It would be appropriate to expand the scope of the study in this respect, using both qualitative and quantitative methods.