Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 322-335).

Is the public movement the only way to stop the development project? What did activists experience when they communicate with the government within the system? This research studied two critical coastal conflicts in Taiwan- Kuokuang Petrochemical Project and Miramar Resort Project to find out root causes of movement, the practice of participating mechanism, and possible improvements. The study shows that the movement has its irreplaceable position, because the awareness, information, and participating mechanism are still insufficient in today’s Taiwan. For a better coastal zone management, it is necessary to complete the related legislation, improve the system and upgrade the mind-set from the government to the grassroots.

Participation of employees in management of an institution is an important determinant of organization activity effectiveness, quality development, satisfaction of employees at work, generation and realization of new ideas. There are no researches performed in Lithuanian institutions, which would analyse participation of employees in decision-making on managerial issues of an organization. Aim of the study: to analyse participation of employees in management of a hospital. There are two objectives to succeed in this aim: 1) to examine managers attitude towards recent participation of employees in management of a hospital; 2) to compare participation of physicians and nurses in the management of a hospital. Methods of the research: questionnaire and comparative analysis. During the research 300 questionnaires were distributed, 206 of them were returned (26 percent of all physicians, 28 percent of all nurses and 38 percent of all nurse’s assistants were questioned). The data was processed and analysed using statistical package SPSS 9.0. Hypotheses were checked using χ2, Wilkinson, Freedman, Man-Witney, Z criterions. Results: it was settled that an input of employees, who participated in the research, to the decision-making on managerial issues of the institution is insufficient. Only 23,2 percents of employees were involved in discussions about the projects implemented in the hospital. Employees should and could be more active. Almost all questioned managers are positive... [to full text]

Clean water and adequate sanitation are crucial for community development and a reduction of waterborne diseases. Despite this certainty, a viable process for achieving this goal has yet to be formulated. This public health and development problem is not from a lack of hydraulic or biomedical knowledge. Rather, the failure to provide community services and infrastructure is rooted in the dynamic interplay between a hyper formalized public sector bureaucracy and the informal practices of political parties and patron-client relationships. Using qualitative, semi-structured interviews and participant observation, this study undertakes a narrative analysis of three communities and their interactions with political parties and the public sector in Tijuana, Mexico. Bureaucratic incapacity prevents the effective management of water and sanitation planning, programs, and infrastructure development. A sociological analysis of organizations is applied to the policy subsystem involving the persistent prevalence of waterborne diseases. Faced with an unresponsive and inefficient public sector, community groups direct their local development efforts towards political parties and the strategic use of clientelist relationships in order to procure health care services and community infrastructure. The role of community participation, as a means toward local empowerment and political co-option is examined. This study also highlights the need for further research in the areas of public accountability, public vs. private water management, and the role of participation in community development. / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

In recent times, public engagement has become an increasingly prominent feature of modern public service provision. Contemporary Public Engagement (CPE) has been characterized by the proliferation of new and innovative mechanisms with which to engage and involve the public in any process in which their input is either desired or legally required. This thesis takes a qualitative approach to exploring CPE within the context of local public services in Scotland, with the explicit aim of contribution to the development of conceptual understanding and theory. The design of this project was based on a case study of the Clackmannanshire Community Health Partnership (CHP). The key empirical instruments were semi-structured interviews, a focus group, analysis of key CHP documents and participant observation by the researcher at CHP Committee meetings. This study makes three main contributions to existing knowledge. They are: a Conceptual Framework for explaining CPE within Scottish local public service provision, a Conceptual Model which is based on the Conceptual Framework and presents it at a higher level of abstraction, and the generation of substantive theory rooted in the case study data. The thesis makes two main recommendations. The first is that further comparative research should be undertaken in order to further develop and confirm the validity of Conceptual Model and substantive theory. The second is that meta-analysis should be undertaken to assist in the development of the proposed formal theory of Public Sector Reform.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wyoming, 2005. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Oct. 16, 2007). Includes bibliographical references (p. 235-243).

This study had objective to investigate the existence of spaces for democratic participation in municipal school system of Maceió, in the period 2005 to 2008. Initially focused to democratic management: its history and legal structure that had based its applicability in education. The approach with the object of research - the public schools of Maceió - has generated the need to know some specific features and characteristics of society Alagoas, for better understanding of the meaning of democratic space and how the City Department of Education translated into their Maceio documents and regulated the democratic management in your school network. The theoretical foundation of Paro (2001), Luck (2006), Libâneo (2004), Tavares (2003), Hora (2007), Verçosa (2006) and other, for a given field research in four elementary schools, where they applied the techniques of data collection, considering subjects as: managers, teachers, administrative staff, parents and pupils to understand how they saw and saw themselves as Participants in the context of democratic management, as the policy implemented in the municipal education network of Maceió. To meet the focus of the research were listed in 5 (five) categories related to participation, as a parameter for analysis of interviews and focus group. The study revealed that the areas of participation that exist at school does not serve the democratic exercise: there are moments of presence, not the decision-making. There not, however, demand for such spaces, always expect to be called, and when it occurs, no action is taken in the fight, which does not allow to move towards democratic practice / O objetivo era investigar a existência de espaços de participação democrática nas escolas da rede pública municipal de Maceió, no período de 2005 a 2008. Inicialmente enfocou-se a gestão democrática: seu histórico e a estrutura legal que embasaram sua aplicabilidade nos sistemas de ensino. A aproximação com o objeto da pesquisa - as escolas públicas municipais de Maceió gerou a necessidade de se conhecer algumas características e especificidades da sociedade alagoana, para a melhor compreensão do sentido do espaço democrático e de como a Secretaria Municipal de Educação de Maceió traduziu em seus documentos e regulamentou a gestão democrática em sua rede escolar. O aporte teórico de Paro (2001), Luck (2006), Libâneo (2004), Tavares (2003), Hora (2007), Verçosa (2006) e outros deu embasamento para a pesquisa de campo realizada em quatro escolas de ensino fundamental, onde foram aplicadas as técnicas de coleta de dados, considerando como sujeitos: gestores, professores, técnicos administrativos, pais e alunos visando perceber como viam e se viam como participantes no contexto da gestão democrática, enquanto política implantada na rede pública municipal de Maceió. Para atender ao foco da pesquisa foram elencadas 05 (cinco) categorias relacionadas à participação, como parâmetro para análise das entrevistas e grupo focais. O estudo realizado revelou que os espaços de participação que existem na escola não servem ao exercício democrático: são momentos de presença, não de tomada de decisões. Não há, no entanto, reivindicação por esses espaços, esperam sempre ser chamados, e quando não ocorre, nenhuma atitude de luta é tomada, o que não permite que se evolua no sentido da prática democrática.

A coastal lagoon is a landform that is influenced by natural processes and human activities. All human activities at the upstream, particularly agriculture and cultivation bring soil, waste, and other materials to the downstream area through the river drains into the lagoon. Even though its position is inland of water bodies, the lagoon is still affected by waves and winds from the sea. Additionally, coastal lagoon will be the depository place for sedimentation from the upland area. Segara Anakan (SA), which is located in Indonesia, is an example of a coastal lagoon area, which has a unique biophysical characteristic. The region has a great natural ability to ensure the sustainability of the interrelationships between terrestrial, estuarine and marine ecosystems in harmony and balance as a habitat for flora and fauna. The region is an area of migration of various types of protected animals and it is a place of breeding for diverse species of the shrimp and fish, which have a highly economical value. Segara Anakan lagoon (SAL), currently experiencing acceleration narrowed on its area due to a very intensive sedimentation from the mainland. The research aims to answer the question of how ecological dynamic occurs in the SAL area due to sedimentation. Achieving the objectives of this study required examining the morphology and land use changes with multitemporal remote sensing approaches. While, to assess the role of community participation and planning management strategies is using qualitative descriptive methods and SWOT analyze. The using of multitemporal remote sensing Landsat images is possible to analyze the morphological and land use changes with different time and sensors. These Landsat has image accuracy about 92.66%. It can be used for image interpretations resulting 13 classes of land use. The morphodynamics of SAL indicated by the changes of area of lagoon and accreted land and also the distance of coastlines during the periods 1979-2013. In addition, the land use or land cover also changes during that time. The bigger portions of land use changes are in the tropical and mangrove\''s forests. There are distinctive forms of participation in conservation efforts. The upstream community involvement in conservation tends to be different participating in the way of ideas, money, materials, properties, skills and expertise or social activities. In addition, the community at downstream area has a sufficiently high level of participation in environmental conservation. There are also strong relationships between the level of education and level of income and basic knowledge in conservation with the participation of SA conservation. The ecological dynamics of the SAL area are described with a historical time line. It is divided into three time periods: the 1970s - 1980s, the 1990s and from 2000 onwards. Each of these has occurrences that can lead to changes in the environment. The implementation of appropriate conservation technique can reduce the sedimentation rate. Hence, the synergic coordination measures between upstream and downstream regions are necessary in the future. Increasing community awareness and participation in the conservation by improving educational sector, providing information, and applying sustainable development land use are the ways to match human activities with the temporal and spatial dynamics of the coastal resources.