Submitted by Rosivalda Pereira (mrs.pereira@ufma.br) on 2017-06-26T17:25:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LediaWanderley.pdf: 1766339 bytes, checksum: 1ff559d6faf9483c7037afc6b631b271 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-26T17:25:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LediaWanderley.pdf: 1766339 bytes, checksum: 1ff559d6faf9483c7037afc6b631b271 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-21 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão (FAPEMA) / Helminthes and bacterial infections are a major challenge for livestock production because they cause loss of productivity in herds. To reduce losses, producers control parasites and bacteria mainly using synthetic chemicals, but the resistance to the active principles of these products calls for the continuous search for biologically active molecules. This research was conducted with the objective of obtaining protein fractions and protease from the latex of Ficus benjamina, in addition to evaluating the potential use of these protein samples in the control of the parasite nematode of small ruminants, Haemonchus contortus, as well as on the pathogenic bacteria Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacter aerogenes. Latex was obtained from an incision made at the apex of the plant limb and collected in sodium phosphate buffer (75 mM, pH 7.0). The latex was centrifuged (12,000 x g at 4 ° C for 15 min), dialysed against water (14 kDa cut-off), again centrifuged under the same conditions as before and then referred to as EPL (Latex Protein Extract). The EPL was fractionated with ammonium sulphate at 30-60% and 60-90% saturation to obtain the fractions denominated F30-60 and F60-90, respectively. F60-90 was fractionated by ion exchange chromatography on CM-Cellulose matrix and the fraction with the highest proteolytic activity obtained was denominated FbP (Ficus benjamina Protease). With these fractions, protein analysis, proteolytic activity and FbP identification were carried out. In addition, inhibition of larval development of the nematode H. contortus and inhibition of the growth of S. enterica, S. aureus and E. aerogenes in a liquid medium were carried out. The total protein levels obtained were, respectively, 121.5, 21.2, 75.7 mg for EPL, F30-60 and F60-90. The proteolytic activity of the protein samples was 43,471, 13,245 and 57,857 UA/mL/mgP for EPL, F30-60 and F60-90, respectively. The FbP presented proteolytic activity of 36,393.8 AU/mL/mgP. Gel analysis showed FbP with a protein band with mass between 20 and 30 kDa and by mass spectrometry the FbP was identified as cysteine protease, with a molecular weight of 23.97 kDa. FbP maintained stable proteolytic activity in the pH range between 6 and 10 and over a wide temperature range, with optimum activity at 60 °C. In tests for inhibition of larval development, EPL, F30-60, F60-90 and FbP presented IC50 of 0.22, 1.38, 0.42 and 0.26 mg/mL, respectively. It was verified that EPL, F30-60 and F60-90 did not exert an inhibitory action on the growth of bacteria, but FbP inhibited the growth of S. aureus and S. enterica with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3.12 μg/mL. It is concluded that FbP obtained from latex of F. benjamina has promising biological properties for the development of products that can be used in the control of the gastrointestinal nematode, H. contortus, and the pathogenic bacteria S. aureus and S. enterica. / Helmintoses e infecções bacterianas são um grande desafio para a produção pecuária porque provocam perda de produtividade nos rebanhos. Para reduzir prejuízos, os produtores realizam o controle de parasitos e bactérias principalmente utilizando produtos químicos sintéticos, mas a resistência aos princípios ativos desses produtos insta a busca contínua por moléculas biologicamente ativas. Essa pesquisa foi conduzida com o objetivo de obter frações proteicas e protease a partir do látex de Ficus benjamina, além de avaliar uso potencial dessas amostras proteicas no controle do nematóide parasito de pequenos ruminantes, Haemonchus contortus, bem como sobre as bactérias patogênicas Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus e Enterobacter aerogenes. O látex foi obtido a partir de uma incisão feita no ápice do galho das plantas e coletado em tampão fosfato de sódio (75 mM, pH 7,0). O látex foi centrifugado (12.000 x g a 4 °C por 15 min), dialisado contra água (cut-off 14 kDa), novamente centrifugado nas mesmas condições anteriores e, então, denominado EPL (Extrato Proteico do Látex). O EPL foi fracionado com sulfato de amônio a 30-60% e 60-90% de saturação para a obtenção das frações denominadas F30-60 e F60-90, respectivamente. A F60-90 foi fracionada por cromatografia de troca iônica em matriz de CM-Cellulose e a fração com maior atividade proteolítica obtida foi denominada FbP (Ficus benjamina Protease). De posse dessas frações, foram conduzidos ensaios de análise de proteínas, atividade proteolítica e identificação da FbP. Adicionalmente foram realizados ensaios de inibição do desenvolvimento larvar do nematódeo H. contortus e inibição do crescimento das bactérias S. enterica, S. aureus e E. aerogenes em meio líquido. Os teores de proteína totais obtidos foram, respectivamente, 121,6, 21,2, 75,7 mg para EPL, F30-60 e F60-90. A atividade proteolítica das amostras proteicas foi de 43.471, 13.245 e 57.857 UA/mL/mgP para EPL, F30-60 e F60-90, respectivamente. A FbP apresentou atividade proteolítica de 36.393,8 UA/mL/mgP. A análise em gel mostrou a FbP com uma banda proteica com massa entre 20 e 30 kDa e por espectrometria de massa identificou-se a FbP como protease cisteínica, com massa molecular de 23,97 kDa. FbP manteve atividade proteolítica estável na faixa de pH entre 6 e 10 e em uma ampla faixa de temperatura, com atividade ótima à 60 °C. Em testes de inibição do desenvolvimento larvar, EPL, F30-60, F60-90 e a FbP apresentaram IC50 de 0,22, 1,38, 0,42 e 0,26 mg/mL, respectivamente. Foi verificado que EPL, F30-60 e F60-90 não exerceram ação inibitória sobre o crescimento das bactérias, mas FbP inibiu o crescimento de S. aureus e S. enterica com mínima concentração inibitória (MIC) de 3,12 μg/mL. Conclui-se que a FbP obtida a partir do látex de F. benjamina possui propriedades biológicas promissoras para o desenvolvimento de produtos que possam ser utilizados no controle do nematóide gastrointestinal, H. contortus, e das bactérias patogênicas S. aureus e S. enterica.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Caroline Rodrigues Pereira Martins.pdf: 1134388 bytes, checksum: fa8d41a81a1364e1de4a2a59b34737ed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-10-29 / The use of bovine pericardium as a biological membrane is widespread in surgical repair because of the low cost, good applicability and it is easily obtained. Glycerin 98% is the chemical agent most used as a biological tissue preservative in veterinary medicine, but studies show it is ineffective in eliminating viruses. Glutaraldehyde is a biological tissue preservative widely used in 0.5% and 0.625% concentrations. However, the persistence of rabies virus in samples of mice pericardium preserved in 0.625% glutaraldehyde was proven, and probably higher concentrations are required for virucidal action. Given its toxic capacity, this study aims to evaluate macro-and microscopically kidney, liver and spleen of 65 mice, 60 of whom underwent implantation of bovine pericardium preserved in glycerin 98% and 0.625%, 1% and 1.5% glutaraldehyde, and 5 non-implanted mice served as controls. The animals implanted, the same used in other research to evaluate local reaction on the abdominal wall implants, were euthanized after 7, 14 and 30 days after implantation of the pericardium, and the spleens, livers and kidneys were assessed as to their macro and microscopic features. Fragments of these organs were collected, fixed in buffered formalin 10%, processed by usual histopathologic methods and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. There was no macro or microscopic changes that could be related to the toxicity of these substances / O emprego de peric?rdio bovino, como membrana biol?gica, ? bastante difundido em t?cnicas de reparos cir?rgicos devido ? facilidade de aquisi??o, baixo custo e boa aplicabilidade. A glicerina 98% ? o agente qu?mico mais utilizado como conservante de tecidos biol?gicos em medicina veterin?ria, por?m estudos comprovam sua inefic?cia na elimina??o viral. O glutaralde?do ? um conservante de tecidos biol?gicos e suas concentra??es mais difundidas s?o de 0,5% e 0,625%. Entretanto, a persist?ncia do v?rus r?bico em amostras de peric?rdio de camundongos conservadas em glutaralde?do 0,625% foi comprovada, sendo, provavelmente, necess?rias concentra??es mais altas para a??o virucida. Sabendo-se da sua capacidade t?xica, este estudo teve como objetivo, avaliar macro e microscopicamente rins, f?gado e ba?o de 65 camundongos, dos quais 60 foram submetidos a implante de peric?rdio bovino conservado em glicerina 98% e glutaralde?do a 0,625%, 1% e 1,5% e 5 camundongos n?o implantados que serviram como controles. Os animais implantados, os mesmos utilizados em outra pesquisa para avalia??o das caracter?sticas reacionais locais nas paredes abdominais aos implantes, foram eutanasiados ap?s 7, 14 e 30 dias ap?s a implanta??o do peric?rdio; e os ba?os, f?gados e rins foram avaliados quanto ?s caracter?sticas macro e microsc?picas. Fragmentos desses ?rg?os foram coletados, fixados em formol a 10% tamponados, processados pelos m?todos usuais para histopatologia e corados pela hematoxilina e eosina. N?o foram evidenciadas altera??es macro ou microsc?picas que pudessem estar relacionadas ? toxicidade destas subst?ncias.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T20:18:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Viviane de Souza Cardoso.pdf: 1798596 bytes, checksum: 2862a717209bf03e8568e17d21be6ba4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-02-27 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / The headquartered fractures in the appendixes of the small animals represent great portion of the service in surgical clinics. The purpose of this work was evaluate the bone regeneration with the use of allografts or bovine fetus xenografts, conserved in solution of cefalotina sodic neutral to 0,5%. Twenty adult mongrel dogs were used. We done ostectomia of a fragment of the tibia of the receptor dogs with dimensions same to 10mm x 4mm where then in its place, it was put the allograft or xenograft, in agreement with the group to which belonged the animal. Clinically, support of the limb was observed in the subsequent day to the surgery and general state of the animal. The radiographic evaluation was accomplished before the surgical procedure and in the postoperative immediate, on the 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of evolution. In 15 days beginning of formation of bone callus was observed in the allograft group, already in the xenograft group this was observed to the 30 days in almost all the animals. There were no evidence infection, of deformity or any other alteration in the operated timb, and we concluded that the allograft is incorporated faster than the xenograft, however not being discarded the use possibility of this use. / As fraturas sediadas nos ap?ndices locomotores dos pequenos animais representam grande parcela do atendimento em cl?nicas cir?rgicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a regenera??o ?ssea com a utiliza??o de aloimplantes e de xenoimplantes de feto bovino em c?o, conservados em solu??o de cefalotina s?dica tamponada a 0,5%. Foram utilizados 20 c?es h?gidos, adultos, sem ra?a definida e de m?dio porte. Realizou-se ostectomia de um fragmento da t?bia dos c?es receptores de dimens?es iguais a 10mm x 4mm onde ent?o em seu lugar foi colocado o implante al?geno ou xen?geno, de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertencia o animal. Clinicamente, observou-se apoio do ap?ndice operado no dia posterior ao procedimento e estado geral do animal. A avalia??o radiogr?fica foi realizada antes do procedimento cir?rgico e no p?s-operat?rio imediato, aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias de evolu??o. Aos 15 dias observou-se in?cio de forma??o de calo ?sseo no grupo aloimplante, j? no grupo xenoimplante este foi observado aos 30 dias em quase todos os animais. N?o houve evid?ncia de infec??o, deformidade ou qualquer outra altera??o nos ap?ndices operados, e comparando-se os m?todos concluise que o aloimplante ? incorporado com maior velocidade que o xenoimplante, por?m n?o sendo descartada a possibilidade de utiliza??o deste.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-02-14T18:58:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline Tonussi da Silva.pdf: 2072458 bytes, checksum: 143dab8a0068b4bd1a643fe48f82873c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-14T18:58:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Aline Tonussi da Silva.pdf: 2072458 bytes, checksum: 143dab8a0068b4bd1a643fe48f82873c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / CAPES / The hemotropic hemoparasites mycoplasmas are gram-negative bacteria, which must attach to the wall of erythrocytes, causing deformation in the membrane of the infected erythrocytes. The goal of this study was to detect molecularly hemoplasmas infection in sheltered dogs in Metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro, linking it to hematological, biochemical and clinical data changes. Of 222 dogs sampled, 20,27% (45/222) were positive by the Polymerase Chain Reaction Real Time (qPCR) for Mycoplasma spp.. The frequency of hemoplasma species infection by PCR using species-specific oligonucleotides, was 13,06% (29/222), 0% (0/222) and 2,25% (5/222) respectively for M. haemocanis (Mhc), ?Candidatus M. turicensis? (Cmt) and ?Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum / haemominutum? (Cmhp / m). There for e M. haemocanis presented the highest incidence in the dogs population studied. Coinfections were identified between Cmhp/m and Mhc 1,35% (3/222). Regarding hematological alterations associated with infection by Mycoplasma spp., hyperproteinemia on plasma was detected (p = 0,0010). It was not observed an association between hemoplasmas infection and the occurrence of anemia and leukocyte changes. Changes in serum biochemistry showed a significant difference in serum protein (p = 0,0291), globulin (p = 0,0253), creatinine (p = 0,0279) and alkaline phosphatase (p = 0,0242). Additionally the azotemia was statistically (p = 0,0023) associated with the infection. The results obtained in the evaluation of Mhc positive dogs demonstrated no significant difference in plasma total protein (p = 0,0012) and hyperproteinaemia was associated with infection (p = 0,0238). There were significant differences in alkaline phosphatase parameter (p = 0,0173) and urea (p = 0,0401), with azotemia is associated shall infection (p = 0,0061). The results observed in the evaluation of positive dogs for (Cmhp / m) show that ALT (alanine aminotransferase) was associated with infection (p = 0,0301). As for factors associated with infection by Mycoplasma spp., only gender (p = 0,0062) and age (p = 0,0041) were associated with infec??o.N?o are statistically associated with the historical agent of fights, access to street, castration, history fleas, ticks history, presence of fleas and ticks. The frequency of the main findings of anamanse and clinical examination of the dogs positive for Mycoplasma spp . were lymphadenopathy (37,8% ) , skin lesions compatible with scabies ( 28,9%) , TPC > 2 ( 31,1% ) , oral affections ( 15,5%) of hist?rico ehrlichiosis ( 13,3%) . Consequently, knowledge of the disease and the factors related to their occurrence are necessary for the adoption of preventive measures aimed at animal health. / Os hemoparasitos micoplasmas hemotr?ficos s?o bact?rias gram-negativas, que se fixam obrigatoriamente na superf?cie dos eritr?citos, levando a deforma??o desta. O objetivo do presente estudo foi detectar molecularmente a infec??o por hemoplasmas em c?es de abrigos da Regi?o Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, associando-a aos dados hematol?gicos, bioqu?micos e altera??es cl?nicas. Dos 222 c?es amostrados, 20,27% (45/222) foram positivos pela Rea??o em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real (qPCR) para Mycoplasma spp.. A frequ?ncia de infec??o das esp?cies de hemoplasma pela PCR, utilizando oligonucleot?deos esp?cie-espec?ficos, foi 13,06% (29/222), 0% (0/222) e 2,25% (5/222), respectivamente para M. haemocanis (Mhc), ?Candidatus M. turicensis (CMt) e ?Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum/ haemominutum? (CMhp/m). M. haemocanis constitui, portanto, a esp?cie de maior ocorr?ncia na popula??o de c?es estudada. Foram identificadas coinfec??es entre CMhp/m e Mhc em 1,35% (3/222) dos c?es. No tocante ?s altera??es hematol?gicas associadas ? infec??o por Mycoplasma spp., constatou-se hiperproteinemia plasm?tica refratom?trica (p=0,0010). N?o foi observada associa??o entre a infec??o por hemoplasmas e a ocorr?ncia de anemia ou altera??es leucocit?rias. Nas altera??es da bioqu?mica sangu?nea, evidenciou-se diferen?a significativa na prote?na s?rica (p=0,0291), globulina (p=0,0253), creatinina (p=0,0279), fosfatase alcalina (p=0,0242). Adicionalmente, a azotemia foi estatisticamente (p=0,0023) associada ? infec??o. Os resultados observados na avalia??o de c?es positivos para Mhc demonstram haver diferen?a significativa na prote?na plasm?tica total (p=0,0012) e hiperproteinemia foi associada ? infec??o (p=0,0238). Houve diferen?a significativa no par?metro fosfatase alcalina (p=0,0173) e ur?ia (p=0,0401), com a azotemia sendo associada ? infec??o (p=0,0061). Os resultados observados na avalia??o de c?es positivos para CMhp/hm demonstram que a ALT (alanina aminotransferase) foi associada ? infec??o (p=0,0301). Quanto aos fatores associados ? infec??o por Mycoplasma spp., apenas g?nero (p=0,0062) e idade (p=0,0041) foram associadas ? infec??o. N?o apresentaram associa??o estat?stica com o agente hist?rico de brigas, acesso a rua, castra??o, hist?rico de pulgas, hist?rico de carrapatos, presen?a de pulgas e presen?a de carrapatos. A frequ?ncia dos principais achados de anamanse e exame cl?nico dos c?es positivos para Mycoplasma spp. foram a linfadenopatia (37,8%), les?es de pele compat?veis com sarna (28,9%), TPC >2 (31,1%), afec??es bucais (15,5%) e hist?rico de erlichiose (13,3%). Consequentemente, o conhecimento da doen?a bem como dos fatores relacionados ? sua ocorr?ncia s?o necess?rios para a ado??o de medidas preventivas visando ? sa?de animal.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-10T18:18:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Marcus Andr? Ferreira S?.pdf: 393876 bytes, checksum: 9d184a085854acf9828da371a7e2b732 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-10T18:18:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Marcus Andr? Ferreira S?.pdf: 393876 bytes, checksum: 9d184a085854acf9828da371a7e2b732 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-07-17 / CAPES / The present experiment aimed to verify if different vacuum pump negative pressures (150, 280 e 400 mmHg) can influence the oocyte recovery rate per preovulatory follicle aspirated. Hence, 21 estrous cycles from regularly cycling mares were subject to OPU. The estrous cycles were sorted in three groups (G150=150 mmHg; G280=280 mmHg; G400=400 mmHg) in the following sequence: G150= 150mmHg (n=6); G280= 280mmHg (n=7); G400= 400mmHg (n=6). During the estrus, the ovarian activity of the mares was daily monitored using the transrectal ultrasound technique until the largest follicle reached at least a diameter of 35mm and endometrial edema secore 2.5 was identified on ultrasonographic evaluation, when 1000UI of hCG administered intravenuous. Approximately 24 hours after the hCG administered, the mares were monitored by rectal palpation and ultrasonography every six hours to follicle evaluation. In the case of imminent indication of ovulation or formation of hemorrhagic follicle, the follicle would be immediately aspirate. The aspirations occurred in 32,45?1,92h after the hCG administration. The transvaginal aspirations were performed with ultrasound apparatus equipped with a convex transducer of 5,0mHz with polyethylene guide containing a double lumen needle of 12G. The follicular fluid collected from each follicle was frozen and the aspirated content was transferred to a Petri Dishes and thoroughly examined on the stereomicroscope to identify the oocytes presence. In order to statistically evaluate the influence of different pressures on the oocyte recovery, were used Chi-Squared test (a 5% significance) and Fisher Exact Test, when recommended. The recovery rate was 31,57% (6/19), being 16,66 % (1/6) in G150, 42,85 % (3/7) in G280 and 33,33 % (2/6) in G400. There was no difference among groups (p>0,05). From the results of the current study, it is possible to conclude that the negative pressure of the vacuum pump is not a determining factor to increase the oocyte recovery and other aspects would possibly have more significant influence . / O presente experimento visou investigar se diferentes press?es negativas da bomba de v?cuo (150, 280 e 400mmHg) podem influenciar a taxa de recupera??o oocit?ria por fol?culo preovulat?rio aspirado. Para tanto, foram submetidos a ovum pick up 21 ciclos estrais de ?guas ciclando regularmente, distribu?dos em tr?s grupos (G150= 150 mmHg; G280= 280 mmHg; G400= 400 mmHg), na seguinte ordem: G150= 150 mmHg (n=6); G280= 280 mmHg (n=7); G400= 400 mmHg (n=6), definida por meio de sorteio. Durante estro, a atividade ovariana das ?guas foi monitorada diariamente atrav?s da t?cnica ultrassonogr?fica transretal at? que o maior fol?culos atingisse pelo menos 35mm de di?metro e edema endometrial grau 2,5 durante a avalia??o ultrassonogr?fica, quando ent?o administrou-se 1000UI de hCG, por via endovenosa. Aproximadamente 24 horas ap?s a administra??o de hCG as ?guas foram submetidas a exame ultrassonogr?fico a cada seis horas para avalia??o folicular. Caso houvesse indica??o iminente de ovula??o ou forma??o de fol?culo hemorr?gico, o mesmo seria imediatamente aspirado. As aspira??es ocorreram em 32,45?1,92h ap?s a aplica??o do hCG fazendo uso de ultrassom equipado com um transdutor convexo de 5,0mHz com guia de polietileno contendo uma agulha de duplo l?men de 12G. O fluido folicular coletado de cada fol?culo foi congelado e o conte?do aspirado transferido para uma Placa de Petri e examinado minuciosamente ao estereomicrosc?pio para localiza??o dos o?citos. Para avaliar estatisticamente o efeito das diferentes press?es sobre a recupera??o oocit?ria, foi utilizado o teste Qui-Quadrado (a 5% de signific?ncia) e Fisher Exato, quando recomendado. A taxa de recupera??o foi de 31,57% (6/19), sendo 16,66 % (1/6) no G150, 42,85 % (3/7) no G280 e 33,33 % (2/6) no G400. N?o houve diferen?a entre os grupos (p>0,05). Atrav?s dos resultados obtidos no presente estudo ? poss?vel concluir que a press?o negativa da bomba de v?cuo utilizada n?o ? o determinante para elevar a recupera??o oocit?ria, possivelmente havendo outros fatores atuando de modo mais importante.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-11T22:00:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gabriela de Carvalho Cid.pdf: 11957327 bytes, checksum: 96764b1f2d588fc114d23dde6f1806e1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T22:00:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Gabriela de Carvalho Cid.pdf: 11957327 bytes, checksum: 96764b1f2d588fc114d23dde6f1806e1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / CAPES / Mechanic natural skin lesions in horses caused by thorns of Mimosa spp. are described. Between the three plant species identified as responsible for the lesions, Mimosa setosa was present in greater quantity (80%) in the pasture, whilst M. debilis and M. pudica existed in lower proportion. Three ulcerative dermatitis outbreaks were observed during rainy periods of April to May 2013, December 2013 to February 2014 and April to May of the same year. Twenty-five horses from the Sector of Animal Reproduction, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, showed ulcerative skin lesions with irregular borders, hemorrhagic exudate, sometimes covered with scabs, located mainly in the regions of the pastern, fetlock, scapular-humeral joints, upper and lower lips, nose, nostrils, cheeks and chamfer. Seven horses were biopsied and histopathological examination revealed ulceration of the skin with inflammatory infiltrate by macrophages and neutrophils, delimited by granulation tissue. In some cases, microspicules of these plants (hirsute trichomes) were found throughout the inflammatory reaction. The diagnosis of skin dermatitis, caused by traumatic action of the plants, was based on the presence of Mimosa spp. in the pasture, on the characteristic clinic-pathological features and on recovery of the horses after their removal from the pasture. This appears to be the first report of the occurrence of ulcerative dermatitis caused by Mimosa setosa, as dermatitis caused by the others has been described before. / Descrevem-se les?es de natureza mec?nico-traum?tica na pele de equ?deos causadas por espinhos de Mimosa spp. Dentre as tr?s esp?cies da planta identificadas como respons?veis pelas les?es, M. setosa estava presente em maior quantidade e M. debilis e M. pudica encontravam-se em menor propor??o na pastagem. Ocorreram tr?s surtos de dermatite ulcerativa em per?odos chuvosos de abril a maio de 2013, dezembro de 2013 a fevereiro de 2014 e abril a maio deste mesmo ano. Vinte e cinco equinos do Setor de Reprodu??o Animal da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro apresentaram les?es ulcerativas na pele com contornos irregulares, exsudato serosanguinolento, por vezes recobertas com crostas. Localizadas principalmente nas regi?es da quartela, boleto, articula??es escapulo-umeral, l?bios superiores e inferiores, focinho, narinas, bochechas e chanfro. Sete animais foram biopsiados e o exame histopatol?gico revelou ulcera??o da epiderme e infiltrado inflamat?rio constitu?do por macr?fagos e neutr?filos, delimitado por tecido de granula??o subjacente. Em alguns casos, foram observados microesp?culos das referidas plantas (tricomas hirsutos) em meio ? rea??o inflamat?ria. O diagn?stico de dermatite cut?nea causada pela a??o traum?tica da planta baseou-se na presen?a de Mimosa spp. na pastagem, nos achados cl?nico-patol?gicos caracter?sticos e na recupera??o dos animais ap?s a retirada destes do pasto. Trata-se da primeira observa??o sobre a ocorr?ncia de dermatite ulcerativa causada por Mimosa setosa.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-01-24T19:09:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Luciane Orbem Veronezi.pdf: 3213369 bytes, checksum: 660b54c56b80e667f1e30d110c395df3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-24T19:09:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Luciane Orbem Veronezi.pdf: 3213369 bytes, checksum: 660b54c56b80e667f1e30d110c395df3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-27 / CAPES / In this study the epidemiology, clinical signs, macroscopic and microscopic lesions related to spontaneous and experimental intoxication by Vicia villosa and the evaluation of the possible toxicity of Vicia villosa in cattle were characterized. The systematic granulomatous disease (SGD associated with vetch) was verified in 7 localities distributed in Paran?, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul States, with main feed that includes oats and/or ryegrass in association and V. villosa and/or ryegrass associated with Vicia sativa, and in lower quantity. All cattle that developed the disease were cows, lactating and Dutch. The SGD associated with vetch was reproduced in six lactating Dutch cows, by supplying green V. villosa in the trough and V. villosa and ryegrass pasture. In the other experimental groups (group 3, V. villosa / V. sativa/cows, grazing; group 4, V. sativa/cows, grazing; group 5, V. villosa/V. sativa/heifers and group 6, V. villosa/heifers, grazing) do not verified clinical and pathological alterations related to the SGD associated with vetch. Six cows developed the SGD, one cow presented a leigh clinical condition (group 2/cow 6/V. villosa, pasture), four cows developed a moderated clinical condition (group 1, cows 1 and 2/V. villosa/trough and group 2, cows 4 and 5/V. villosa, grazing), and just one cow presented a severe clinical condition (group 2, cow 3/V. villosa/pasture. V. villosa was toxic to cattle and produced a chronic granulomatous disease when ingested in amounts greater than 38.2 g/kg/day for 71 days, or in direct grazing for a period of more than 28 days The main clinical signs consisted of alopecia and cutaneous crusts, pruritus, fever, conjunctivitis, diarrhea, reduction of milk production and weight loss. Macroscopically, multiple white-grayish nodules were observed, specifically in the lymph nodes, kidneys and heart, and histology revealed a granulomatous infiltrate composed of macrophages, lymphocytes, giant cells, epithelioid cells, plasma cells and eosinophils. When ingested by young cattle, the V. villosa pasture, for a period of 68 days, do not produce clinical modifications. When ingested by cows with high milk yield, the V. sativa pasture, for a period of 78 days, does not produce chronic granulomatous disease. Ingestion of V. villosa for a long time led to low production rates, such as low milk production, low reproduction rates and predisposition to infection diseases. In the bromatological analysis, the presence of phytate, in low levels, in the samples of Vicia used in experimental works, in different phases of the culture was determined. The biochemical blood and feces results showing lower amounts of serum sinc and loss of Ca and Zn feces in animals poisoned by V. villosa, that developed granulomatous disease in severe and moderate conditions, possibly indicated the presence of a metabolic disorder in the pathogen of the disease. / No presente estudo caracterizou-se a epidemiologia, os sinais cl?nicos, as les?es macrosc?picas e microsc?picas da intoxica??o espont?nea e experimental por Vicia villosa, bem como a avalia??o da poss?vel toxicidade de Vicia sativa em bovinos. A doen?a granulomatosa sist?mica (DGS ervilhaca-associada) foi verificada em 7 propriedades distribu?das nos Estados de Santa Catarina, Paran? e Rio Grande do Sul, onde a alimenta??o principal era aveia e/ou azev?m consorciados com V. villosa e/ou de azev?m consorciado com V. villosa e em menor quantidade V. sativa. Todos os bovinos que desenvolveram a doen?a eram vacas, em lacta??o e da ra?a Holand?s. A DGS ervilhaca-associada foi reproduzida em seis vacas holandesas em lacta??o, atrav?s do fornecimento de V. villosa verde no cocho e em pastagens de V. villosa e azev?m. Nos demais grupos experimentais (grupo 3, V. villosa/V. sativa/vacas, pastejo; grupo 4, V. sativa/vacas, pastejo; grupo 5, V. villosa/V. sativa/novilhas e grupo 6, V. villosa/novilhas, pastejo) n?o verificou-se altera??es cl?nicas e patol?gicas relacionadas a DGS ervilhaca-associada. Das seis vacas que desenvolveram a doen?a granulomatosa sist?mica, uma vaca apresentou quadro cl?nico leve (grupo 2/vaca 6/V.villosa, pastejo), quatro vacas desenvolveram o quadro moderado da doen?a (grupo 1, vacas 1 e 2/V. villosa/cocho e grupo 2, vacas 4 e 5/V.villosa/pastejo) e apenas em uma vaca verificou-se o quadro grave da doen?a (grupo 2, vaca 3/V.villosa/pastejo). V. villosa foi t?xica para bovinos, produzindo doen?a granulomatosa cr?nica quando ingerida em quantidades superiores a 38,2g/kg/dia, por um per?odo de 71 ou, em pastoreio direto por um per?odo superior a 28 dias. As principais manifesta??es cl?nicas consistiam em ?reas de alopecia e crostas na pele, coceira, febre, conjuntivite, diarreia, queda na produ??o de leite e perda de peso. Macroscopicamente verificaram-se m?ltiplos n?dulos branco-acinzentados principalmente em linfonodos, rins e cora??o, e na histologia estes caracterizavam um infiltrado granulomatoso composto por macr?fagos, linf?citos, c?lulas gigantes, c?lulas epitelioides, plasm?citos e eosin?filos. As pastagens de V. villosa quando ingerida por bovinos jovens, por um per?odo 68 dias n?o produziu altera??es cl?nicas. As pastagens de V. sativa quando ingerida por vacas de alta produ??o leiteira por um per?odo de 76 dias n?o produziu doen?a granulomatosa cr?nica. A ingest?o de V. villosa por per?odos prolongados conduziu a baixos ?ndices produtivos como: baixa produ??o leiteira, baixos ?ndices reprodutivos e pode predispor o surgimento de doen?as infeciosas. Na an?lise bromatol?gica determinou-se a presen?a de fitato, em pequenas quantidades, nas amostras de Vicia utilizadas na experimenta??o, em diferentes fases do seu crescimento. Os resultados das an?lises bioqu?micas de amostras de sangue e fezes evidenciaram baixas quantidades s?ricas de zinco e excessivas perdas fecais de Ca e Zn nos animais intoxicados por V. villosa que desenvolveram a doen?a granulomatosa na forma moderada e grave, indicando um poss?vel envolvimento de dist?rbios de ordem metab?lica na patogenia da doen?a.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-11T20:37:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Fernanda J?nck.pdf: 8186762 bytes, checksum: 6eba6d05f3cab5ce4f35c47d8878ed0d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-11T20:37:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2014 - Fernanda J?nck.pdf: 8186762 bytes, checksum: 6eba6d05f3cab5ce4f35c47d8878ed0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-16 / CAPES / Pteridium (aquilinum) arachnoideum is a cosmopolitan plant, responsible for heavy losses in cattle for heavy losses in almost all Brazil. This plant causes three clinical pictures: an acute disease, characterized by hemorrhages and fever, and two chronic diseases characterized by bladder tumors and carcinomas of the superior digestive tract. In Santa Catarina, in a retrospective study, the acute poisoning is the form that prevailed. Most of the cases ocurred in the autumn and the main clinical signs observed were fever and faeces with blood. The macroscopic lesions were widespread hemorrhages and infarcts mainly in lung, liver, intestine and lymphnodes, which were characterized by necrosis associated with groups of basophylic bact?ria, sometimes with formation of bubbles of gas. In the bone marrow there was rarefaction or absence of hematopoietic tissue. The experimental reproduction of the disease was realized in four cattle, two vaccinated against clostridioses and two not vaccinated. These cattle received doses of 20, 20, 14 and 10g/kg/day, and they died after 82, 94, 46 and 76 days, when they had ingested 149, 180, 71 and 75% of the plant in relation to their weight. The course of the clinical signs was 5, 4, 1 and 5 days, and at post-mortem examination the lesions found were hemorrhages of varied degrees and locations. Liver infarcts were found in bovines 2, 3 and 4, and in the intestine in all the cattle. The histological lesions were characterized by rarefaction and absence of hematopoietic tissue in the bone marrow, necrosis and bacterial aggregates in the liver, lung, intestine and lymphnodes. Histopathology did not reveal inflammatory reaction and if present the intensity was slight. Samples of organs with infarcts collected at necropsy, in the spontaneous and experimental intoxication, sown in Tarozzi medium, produced gas. Five samples caused death in mice after inoculation of the medium. At necropsy the carcasses had putrid smell, the subcutaneous tissue was red and there was edema and red liquid in the abdominal cavity. Two mice that were sacrificed presented inflammatory reaction in the place of the application, characterized by areas of adherence of the skin to the subcutaneous tissue and presence of abscesso, and four presented putrid smell at necropsy. The impression of of the liver capsula of the mice that died or got sick, revealed small Gram positive rods. Histopathology of the mice that died, revealed in the skeletal musculature of the thighs edema between the fibers with necrosis and eosinofilia of fibers and great amount of small basophylic rods, associated with slight inflammatory mononuclear infiltration and hemorrhage. In the skin also inflammatory filtrate was observed, with edema in the derma and great amount of small basophylics rods. The rest of the mice were sacrificed and no alterations were found. The identification by Chain reaction of Polimerase (PCR) of the liver of the mice that had died, in Tarozzi medium, resulted in Clostridium septicum. / Pteridium (aquilinum) arachnoideum ? planta cosmopolita, respons?vel por perdas vultuosas na cria??o de bovinos em quase todas as regi?es do Brasil. Esta planta ? respons?vel por causar tr?s quadros cl?nicos: um quadro agudo, caracterizado por hemorragias e febre, e dois quadros cr?nicos caracterizados por tumores de bexiga e do trato digest?rio superior. Em Santa Catarina, em estudo retrospectivo, a intoxica??o aguda ? a forma que prevaleceu sobre as demais. A maioria dos casos ocorreu no outono e os principais sinais cl?nicos observados foram febre e fezes com sangue. As les?es macrosc?picas encontradas foram hemorragias generalizadas e infartos principalmente em pulm?o, f?gado, intestino e linfonodo, os quais se caracterizavam por necrose associada a agregados bacterianos bas?filos, em alguns casos com forma??o de bolhas de g?s. Na medula ?ssea havia rarefa??o ou aus?ncia do tecido hematopo?tico. A reprodu??o experimental da doen?a foi realizada em quatro bovinos, dois vacinados contra clostridioses e dois n?o vacinados. Estes receberam doses de 20, 20, 14 e 10g/kg/dia de Pteridium (aquilinum) arachnoideum, e morreram com 82, 94, 46 dias e 76 dias, quando tinham ingerido 149, 180, 71 e 75% de planta em rela??o ao peso vivo. A evolu??o dos sinais cl?nicos foi de 5, 4, 1 e 5 dias, e, ? necropsia, as les?es consistiram de hemorragias em variados graus e localiza??es. Infartos de f?gado foram encontrados nos Bovinos 2, 3 e 4 e no intestino em todos os bovinos. As les?es histol?gicas se caracterizaram por rarefa??o e aus?ncia de tecido hematopo?tico na medula ?ssea, necrose e agregados bacterianos no f?gado, pulm?o, intestino e linfonodo. As les?es histol?gicas n?o revelaram rea??o inflamat?ria e quando presente, a intensidade era leve. Amostras de ?rg?os com infartos coletadas de necropsias nas intoxica??es espont?nea e experimental foram semeadas no meio de cultivo de Tarozzi e produziram g?s. Cinco amostras causaram a morte dos camundongos ap?s inocula??o do meio. ? necropsia desses camundongos verificou-se carca?as com cheiro p?trido, tecido subcut?neo avermelhado e com edema e l?quido avermelhado na cavidade abdominal. Dois camundongos que foram eutanasiados apresentaram rea??o inflamat?ria no local da aplica??o, caracterizada por ?reas de ader?ncia da pele com o tecido subcut?neo e abscessos; quatro exalavam cheiro p?trido na hora da realiza??o da necropsia. A impress?o da c?psula do f?gado dos camundongos que morreram e que ficaram doentes, revelou bastonetes Gram-positivos. ? histologia dos camundongos que morreram verificou-se na musculatura esquel?tica da regi?o da coxa, edema e hemorragia entre as fibras, necrose e eosinofilia de fibras e grande quantidade de bastonetes bas?filos, associado a infiltrado inflamat?rio mononuclear leve e hemorragia. Na pele tamb?m verificou-se, infiltrado inflamat?rio, com edema na derme e grande quantidade de bastonetes bas?filos. Os demais camundongos foram eutanasiados e n?o tiveram altera??es. A identifica??o por Rea??o em Cadeia de Polimerase (PCR) do meio de Tarozzi do f?gado dos camundongos que morreram foi detectado Clostridium septicum.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:32:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-11-30Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:04:34Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ragazani_avf_dr_jabo.pdf: 399859 bytes, checksum: f93ad8981a9e4aaa051ed6bff03ccacc (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Entre as espécies de Clostridium de importância em patologia animal, destaca-se o Clostridium perfringens, o Clostridium botulinum, o Clostridium chauvoei. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi verificar a presença de bactérias anaeróbias esporuladas (Clostridium sp), assim como, identificar as espécies de Clostridium patogênicos para a saúde animal, principalmente de bovinos, no solo de pastagem da micro-região de Jaboticabal, SP. Foram coletadas 250 amostras de solo e realizadas contagens de bactérias esporuladas do gênero Clostridium e identificação das espécies patogênicas presentes. Os resultados permitiram demonstrar a contagem de UFC de Closrtidium sp com média em log 10 igual a 2,79, sendo que os valores mínimo e máximo obtido foram 2,15 e 3,68 respectivamente. Para caracterização e identificação, os resultados permitiram identificar a presença de bactérias anaeróbias esporuladas em 233 amostras (93,2%), entre estas 180 eram do gênero Clostridium... / The species of Clostridium of major importance to animal pathology are Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium botulinum, and C. chauvoei. Considering this, the objective of this research was to verify the presence of anareobic sporulate bacteria (Clostridium sp), and also identify the species of pathogenic Clostridium for the animal health, mostly to bovine, in pasture soil of Jaboticabal-SP. A total of 250 samples were collected and used to determine the number of sporulated bacteria from Clostridium genderand identify the pathogenic species present. The results demonstrated that the average number of CFU in log 10 of Closrtidium sp was 2,79, and the minimum and maximum values obtained were 2,15 and 3,68 respectively. After characterization and isolation and identification, the results showed the presence of 233 samples (93,2%) of sporulated bacteria, of these 180 were of Clostridium gender. The biochemical tests were identified in 42 samples, being 23 samples (9,2%) of Clostridium perfringens, 13 samples (5,2%) of Clostridium botulinum and 6 samples (2,4%) of C. chauvoei ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Na última década, o uso de sistemas microventilados (sistema VMA) em biotérios possibilitou alojar animais com melhor qualidade sanitária devido ao maior controle ambiental fornecido por esses sistemas. Contudo, ainda é necessária uma melhor avaliação, principalmente no que tange às respostas dos animais. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a integridade do aparelho respiratório (pulmões e traquéia) de cobaias mantidas sob dois sistemas de ventilação diferentes: ventilação geral diluídora (VGD) ou ventilação para conforto e ventilação microambiental (VMA). Foram utilizados quatro grupos de animais que ficaram alojados por 180 dias no CREAL-UFRGS. Os animais foram acompanhados com exames radiológicos dos pulmões a cada 45 dias. A histopatologia foi realizada no último dia de acompanhamento dos animais.Os resultados da análise radiológica não demonstraram diferença significativa entre as lesões pulmonares de cobaias fêmeas e machos mantidas sob os dois sistemas de ventilação. A avaliação histopatológica evidenciou lesões descamativas e de metaplasia no epitélio da traquéia de animais de ambos os sexos e sistemas de ventilação. As lesões encontradas nos pulmões das cobaias machos e fêmeas de ambos os sistemas foram em sua maioria lesões inflamatórias, com intenso infiltrado de mononucleares. A presença e intensidade dessas lesões variaram de acordo com o sistema de ventilação sendo que no grupo VGD é que foram encontradas lesões mais severas. / During the last decade, the use of intracage ventilation systems (VMA) in animal facilities has improved the health status of animal by better environmental control supplied by these systems. Yet, here is little information upon use of VMA systems, mainly in that it referes to animal responses. Thus, the purpose in this investigation was to evaluate epithelial integrity in airways (trachea and lungs) of Guinea pigs kept in two different systems: general diluting ventilation system or comfort ventilation system (VGD) and intracage ventilation systems (VMA). Four groups of animals were kept for 180 days on CREAL- UFRGS. The animals were observed with radiological exam taked from lungs every 45 days. The histophatology was done in the last day of trial. The results show the radiological exams haven’t differences between lung injuries from males and females kept in two different ventilation systems. The histological examination showed lost and changes of trachea epithelium in both, male and female under two different ventilation. The injuries found in lung from Guinea pigs, male and female, under two different ventilation were in the most inflammatory injuries, predominantly mononuclear cells. Intensity of lesions varied according to the ventilation system wich animals were kept, the animals kept in VGD system have presented more intensity of injuries.