Game companies are always looking for more ways to increase consumers and their revenue as well as how consumers purchase games. Several business models have been introduced that this thesis will look at, free-to-play, adding downloadable content to existing games, freemium and premium games. This thesis attempts to provide answers to what business models there are available for game developers and how that would influence the development of the single-player games to lower the point of entry for the consumers.  It will focus on narrative single-player games and will use the business models to try and answer the question. A survey was handed out that investigated the respondent’s reaction to changes for BioShock Infinite developer by Irrational Games. The models were presented and compared to how the respondents reacted to the questions. Together with how companies are releasing games now this thesis came to the conclusion that in order to lower the entry point, the games need to be split and released episodically, together with increased downloadable content that added further playability to the game.

This study examines how journalistic content can be affected when a local newspapers website changes its business model to what is commonly known as a premium paywall. This study is based upon data provided by the local newspaper Barometern. The data concerns the number of online articles included in fifteen subject and geographically defined categories. The data was collected from two three month long periods, one before and one after the introduction of the news paper paywall that was installed in October of 2014. The study finds that the total number of articles published after the introduction of the paywall was significantly higher than before but that the share of articles included in the different subject categories did not change considerably for paying readers. For non- paying readers however, the data show that the share of articles for the different subject and geographical categories changed significantly. Even though the data from this study cannot confirm a correlation, it does highlight a possible connection between media competition in different local markets and subject matters and the amount of articles that are placed behind the newspapers online paywall in that category. This means that non-paying readers in this case got access to a large number of articles included in some categories and only a small portion of articles included in some other categories. Non-paying readers not only got access to a smaller number of articles but also to a different content profile than paying readers.

In the wake of digitalization and recent technological innovation, news consumers have increasingly moved to online spaces to access news. As changes in consumer behavior appear even within these new contexts, several legacy news publishers that are often linked with high journalistic quality and trust are struggling to monetize on their content. In such struggles, an increasingly common sight over the last couple of years is the implementation of paywalls; digital boundaries that require consumers to pay before accessing content. This work applies a design thinking approach, utilizing a mixed-method methodology by interviews, surveys, workshops, prototyping, and testing, to explore the users’ experiences of navigating this landscape, while at the same time taking the perspective of legacy news publishers into account. The first part of the report entails the identification of a set of design challenges in this regard. The second part focuses on one such challenge—the onboarding experience of paying readership online—and explores possible solutions where the experience of the users and the business of legacy news publishers can merge. It argues that, while still inducing some degree of irritation in the users, a registration-first model with multiple choices to pay is likely to create new opportunities for news publishers as they seek to charge for content online, while at the same time being appealing to a larger audience. However, the role of the relationship between the individual reader and the content itself was identified as absolutely central in increasing the value perception of news online.

Paywalls have quickly become a large part of the media industry and are constantly evolving. Most news media today use a form of paywall to be able to earn revenue off their content. In this study we have made a qualitative text analysis where we compared themes between COVID-19 articles behind paywalls and articles which are free to read on Aftonbladet and Expressen. By using theories concerning news value, news selection and media logic, we were able to examine what kind of themes we could find in the articles placed behind paywalls and compare that to the articles that is free to read.   The results showed that there were more differences than similarities between the content that is placed behind paywalls and the content that is free to read on Aftonbladet and Expressen. When the articles were free to read, they frequently had content that focused on the simplification of information from the authorities, calming articles where experts are not worried and articles about the individuals and their role in a crisis. For the articles that were placed behind paywalls, clickbait captions were more frequently used, probably because of a financial aspect. Most of the articles that were placed behind paywalls had a negative tone where words such as death, panic and worry were involved. According to this result, we came to the conclusion that the articles in the analyzed online newspapers have two different media logics: one for the news that is placed behind paywalls and one for the news that is free to read.

The diploma thesis summaries the transformation of publishing house Economia during the period July 2013 and December 2014. The aim of the transformation was to change Economia as a traditional publishing house focused on the print newspapers into multimedia organization. The thesis describes main changes in within the publishing house - foundation of integrated newsroom, acquisition and integration of Centrum Holdings company, integration of separated newsrooms, creating the digital versions of traditional newspapers, launching of new media types, changing the business models, innovation of traditional titles, developing of new job positions and new projects using more of the different departments of the publishing house. The thesis focuses mainly on changes on the editorial level; the chapters on integration of Centrum Holdings are being considered also from the aspect of management and human resources level. Interviews with the managers of Economia publishing house are the valuable part of the case study. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis sorts the trends and challenges that are faced by traditional publishing houses. Terms like information society, media convergence, digitalization are edefined. The changes related to launch of Web 2.0, social networks and portable electronic devices...

This Master's thesis examines the sharing of articles of printed newspapers - Hospodářské noviny and Mladá fronta DNES - on their respective websites. Firstly, research of scientific papers presents how foreign newpapers deal with digitalization and which models of sharing and paid content they apply. Using quantitative analysis this thesis examines, which of the two newspapers shares more free articles on-line (Mladá Fronta DNES on the server iDNES.cz and Hospodářské noviny on iHNed.cz and Aktuálně.cz). The quantitative analysis compares the content of the National news section in January 2015 and January 2016, so it also observes the development of the respective article-sharing policies over time. The hypothesis is that Hospodářské noviny share more free articles than Mladá fronta DNES. The reason is that Hospodářské noviny have a single editorial office for their printed and online articles. More details regarding the policies of paid content are provided through semi-structured interviews with representatives of the respective publishing houses. This Master's thesis also presents the advantages and disadvantages of single and separate editorial offices (newsrooms for printed and online articles), describes the processes of article- sharing, illustrates business models that the publishing...

This diploma thesis examines the trend of subscription news content on the internet. It deals with the use of paywall as one of the possible future business models of media in the digital sphere in contrast to the advertising-based business models that dominate in the Czech Republic now. This phenomenon is explored on the example of the relatively new journal, Deník N. The theoretical part of this paper examines the transformation of the media industry in the world and in the Czech Republic and the challenges this transformation brings. Based on a comparison and analysis of a number of academic papers and examples from practice, this thesis examines the defining aspects of publishing news content on the internet and the possibilities of its monetization. Furthermore, this thesis presents a detailed profile of Deník N, with the help of public data and interviews with the management of its newsroom. This theoretical framework then provides the background for the following research methodology and its implementation. The practical part of this paper is a quantitative analysis of the content of Deník N in comparison with the digital news platform Aktuálně. This analysis deals with the specifics of paid content in comparison with content available for free, and it questions the added value of Deník N...

! ! Abstract This thesis explores and analyses influence of smartphones, tablets and e-readers launch on today's media development both from publisher's and media consumer's view. Main goal of this work is to map turbulent media evolution thanks possibilities, brought by revolutionary devices especially iPhone and iPad and their impact on publishing houses and traditional media. The thesis envisages the future of printed media and its co-existing together with the digital versions of traditional titles, possibilities and consumer willingness to pay for the digital content and specifics of the copyright in the digital media world. Least but not last thesis tries to discover individual target groups of each media including their typical behavior and arguing over the diversion from the traditional media towards the digital media.

! ! Abstract This thesis explores and analyses influence of smartphones, tablets and e-readers launch on today's media development both from publisher's and media consumer's view. Main goal of this work is to map turbulent media evolution thanks possibilities, brought by revolutionary devices especially iPhone and iPad and their impact on publishing houses and traditional media. The thesis envisages the future of printed media and its co-existing together with the digital versions of traditional titles, possibilities and consumer willingness to pay for the digital content and specifics of the copyright in the digital media world. Least but not last thesis tries to discover individual target groups of each media including their typical behavior and arguing over the diversion from the traditional media towards the digital media.

This diploma thesis summarises the development of paid content of ihned.cz, on-line news server of the Czech economic daily Hospodářské noviny. It observes the influence of paywall from August 2014 until April 2015. The aim of the implementation of paywall was to show that the content created on the server was valuable. The theoretical part deals with new challenges media face, including economic and technological changes; it describes the rise of commercialization and media reaction, and solution for these changes in the form of convergence and digital-first concept. The diploma thesis is viewed through the political economy of media approach. It focuses on monetization of content, the willingness of readers to pay for on-line news, traditional and alternative revenues of media, and it describes the examples of implemented paywall in other media. In the practical part, the thesis describes how paywall influenced economic revenues, specifically the digital subscription, advertising and financial results of the publisher Economia, which is providing the server ihned.cz. In this part, the thesis describes the influence of paywall on visits, page views, real and unique users, readership, and work of journalists. The practical part of the thesis includes statistical data and reports as well as...