The thesis is a theorethical study with the main theme of teachers' education. It is divided into five chapters. The first chapter describes world trends in the area of teachers' education which are being adopted in the Czech Republic. Next three chapters are focused on the education of each teachers' group - preprimary, primary, secondary school. Each of these chapters includes the historic context of teachers' education and the content of their education. Today's conception of school education is considered as the key faktor which should be reflected in present teachers' education. The fifth chapter contains the perspectives of future development of teachers' education.

This is a scientific essay that has been written with the aim to reflect and analyze difficulties of bilingual children to communicate, being seen in a group and to focus during a traditional learning in language development within preschool. I have also reflected on my experiences and competences in intercultural pedagogy to support bilingual children in a changing society and in a globalized world. By using self-experienced situations from my professional practice, I have in a narrative form reflected back at my experiences with the help of academic literature, research articles, theoretical perspectives, curriculum (2018) and even asked questions to gain different perspectives on my stories. The main part of my research questions is whether I could have planned and acted differently in my self-experienced situations? Did I have enough knowledge about intercultural approach in order to adapt various situations based on the need of different children? In which ways could the preschool have provided better support in language development and communication for all children? This scientific essay has shown that it is important to understand the cultural background, language and ethnicity of bilingual children. It is also important to have a good collaboration with the guardians in order to plan suitable activities and classes/sessions. In addition, it is necessary to have great knowledge of intercultural pedagogical competence, diversified normality, inclusion, sociocultural perspective and support for the mother tongue to be able work with bilingual children. As a pedagogue and a future preschool teacher, I have according to Skolverket - Swedish National Agency for Education (2020) a greater responsibility to change, for example, the traditional way of working, but also to improve and adapt the education based on different needs to provide an equal education and preschool for all children. / Detta är en vetenskaplig essä som har skrivits för att reflektera och analysera tvåspråkiga barns svårigheter med att kommunicera, synas i en grupp samt att fokusera under ett traditionellt lärande i språkutveckling inom förskolan. Här har jag också reflekterat över mina erfarenheter och kompetenser inom interkulturell pedagogik för att stödja tvåspråkiga barn i ett förändrat samhälle och i en globaliserad värld. Genom att använda mig av egenupplevda situationer i berättande form i min yrkespraktik har jag reflekterat tillbaka med hjälp av akademisk litteratur, forskningsartiklar, teoretiska perspektiv, läroplanen (2018) samt ställt frågor för att få olika perspektiv på mina berättelser. Centralt i forskningsfrågorna är om jag kunde ha planerat och handlat annorlunda i mina egenupplevda situationer? Har jag haft tillräckligt med kunskaper inom interkulturellt förhållningsätt för att anpassa situationer utifrån barns olika behov? Hur skulle förskolan ha kunnat ge bättre stöd i barnens språkutveckling och kommunikation? Denna vetenskapliga essä har visat att det är viktigt att förstå tvåspråkiga barns kulturella bakgrunder, språk, etnicitet samt ha ett gott samarbete med vårdnadshavare för att kunna planera passande aktiviteter och undervisningar. Det krävs också kunskaper inom interkulturell pedagogisk kompetens, diversifierat normalitet, inkludering, sociokulturellt perspektiv samt modersmålsstöd för att jobba med tvåspråkiga barn. Jag som pedagog och blivande förskollärare har enligt Skolverket (2020) ett större ansvar för att förändra exempelvis det traditionella arbetssättet, men även förbättra och anpassa utbildningen utifrån olika behov för att få en likvärdig utbildning och förskola för alla barn.

El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó con el objetivo de confirmar si existe una relación entre el uso de TICS y su relación con las competencias digitales de los docentes de universidades privadas de Lima, Perú en el 2020. La metodología incluye una investigación cuantitativa, de diseño No experimental – Transversal con un alcance correlacional. El tipo de muestreo es aleatorio simple que es parte del muestreo probabilístico. De igual manera, como instrumento de investigación cuantitativa, aplicamos 363 encuestas a docentes de tres universidades privadas para analizar la relación entre las variables del estudio. En el primer capítulo, presentamos las hipótesis, los objetivos, el marco teórico, donde definimos las principales variables de estudio; uso de TICS y competencias digitales, de las cuales analizamos las tres dimensiones más importantes: competencias pedagógicas, técnico- tecnológicas y comunicativas. Asimismo, analizamos diversos papers y sus principales hallazgos. También, determinamos las limitaciones del estudio. En el segundo capítulo, presentamos la revisión de la literatura realizando un resumen histórico de ambas variables y sus principales hallazgos. Mientras que en el tercer capítulo determinamos la metodología de la investigación detallando la muestra, población e instrumento para el recojo de datos. En el cuarto y quinto capítulo analizamos los resultados, junto al análisis estadístico tanto descriptivo como inferencial, en donde usamos el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson para determinar si las hipótesis planteadas eran aceptadas o rechazadas. Por último, brindamos las conclusiones y recomendaciones de la investigación. / This research was carried out with the objective of confirming if there is a correlation between the use of ICTs and its relationship with the digital skills of teachers at private universities in Lima, Peru in 2020. The methodology includes quantitative research of Non-experimental design - Cross-sectional with a correlational scope. The type of sampling is simple random which is part of probability sampling. In parallel, as a quantitative research instrument, we applied 363 surveys to teachers from three private universities to analyze the relationship between the study variables. In the first chapter, we present the hypotheses, the objectives, the theoretical framework, where we define the main study variables; use of ICT and digital skills, of which we analyze the three most important dimensions: pedagogical, technical-technological and communication skills. Likewise, we analyze various papers and their main findings. Also, we determine the limitations of the study. In the second chapter, we present a review of the literature, making a historical summary of both variables and their main findings. While in the third chapter we determine the research methodology detailing the sample, population and instrument for data collection. In the fourth and fifth chapters we analyze the results, along with both descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes, where we use Pearson's correlation coefficient to determine whether the hypotheses raised were accepted or rejected. Finally, we provide the conclusions and recommendations of the investigation. / Tesis