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Ländliche Räume und Radverkehr sollten nicht länger als Widerspruch gesehen werden. Es gibt viele gute Beispiele, die deutlich machen, dass Radverkehr auch bei Alltagswegen in oftmals autooptimierten ländlichen Räumen funktionieren kann. Allerdings braucht es dafür eine sichere Infrastruktur sowie eine sinnvolle Verknüpfung mit anderen Verkehrsmitteln. Wichtig ist dabei die gemeinsame Betrachtung und Planung des Alltags- mit dem touristischen Radverkehr. Angesichts der Distanzverlängerung bei den Alltagszielen, zunehmenden Alters in den ländlichen Räumen und steigenden Energiepreisen für die Raumüberwindung darf Radverkehrspolitik nicht alleine stehen, sondern erfordert einen ressortübergreifenden Ansatz von Raumordnungs-, Verkehrs- und Umweltpolitik. Radverkehrsförderung in Deutschland kann insgesamt nur dann erfolgreich sein, wenn das Fahrrad auch im ländlichen Raum eine stärkere Bedeutung bekommt. Geschieht dies in den ländlichen Regionen nicht, wird es schwierig, die im bundesweiten Schnitt erhofften 15% Radverkehrsanteil am Ende der NRVP-Laufzeit im Jahr 2020 zu erreichen.

Favorable and unfavorable demographic processes and their imminent repercussions for local labor markets, regional economic development, and the accomplishment of public duties have spurred the interest around the world. The mobility of individuals and households, in particular in the form of migration and commuting, decisively shapes these demographic trends at the regional and local level. Studying the causes of mobility behavior at the microlevel, therefore, delivers hypotheses needed for the evaluation of various policy options directed at attracting new and retaining existing population shares. Knowing about the various influences in mobility decision making also allows for a better projection of population dynamics and migration flows. In the design of this dissertation, uncertainty is recognized as a key component of day-to-day decision making processes and, thus, serves as the underlying feature in the examinations. The dissertation’s aim is to study the effects of economic uncertainty on household mobility decisions. This includes migration as well as commuting behavior in the presence of income and transport cost uncertainty. In three thematic areas the dissertation investigates migration behavior of individuals and households in the context of both long-distance interregional migration and short-distance local moves. Covered aspects range from the influence of different levels of longevity over the implications of joint migration intentions to the interrelated choice of residence and mode of mobility in a urban-suburban framework.

Favorable and unfavorable demographic processes and their imminent repercussions for local labor markets, regional economic development, and the accomplishment of public duties have spurred the interest around the world. The mobility of individuals and households, in particular in the form of migration and commuting, decisively shapes these demographic trends at the regional and local level. Studying the causes of mobility behavior at the microlevel, therefore, delivers hypotheses needed for the evaluation of various policy options directed at attracting new and retaining existing population shares. Knowing about the various influences in mobility decision making also allows for a better projection of population dynamics and migration flows. In the design of this dissertation, uncertainty is recognized as a key component of day-to-day decision making processes and, thus, serves as the underlying feature in the examinations. The dissertation’s aim is to study the effects of economic uncertainty on household mobility decisions. This includes migration as well as commuting behavior in the presence of income and transport cost uncertainty. In three thematic areas the dissertation investigates migration behavior of individuals and households in the context of both long-distance interregional migration and short-distance local moves. Covered aspects range from the influence of different levels of longevity over the implications of joint migration intentions to the interrelated choice of residence and mode of mobility in a urban-suburban framework.

Introduction: To reduce pollution from motorized private cars, a modal shift toward more sustainable modes, such as public transport, is desired. A first step to achieving this is the subscription to a public transport ticket. It was investigated if an extended version of the theory of planned behavior is suited to predict subscription to a public transport ticket, and if environmental concern—the channel through which many sustainable transport modes are advertised—plays a significant role. It was further examined if nudging serves as an effective measure in convincing employees to subscribe to the offered ticket. Nudges encourage desired behaviors by changing the information set that individuals face when taking decisions; in this paper, this includes favorable defaults and the manipulation of the social norm. Since nudges lack a coherent theory, it was tested if these nudges can be integrated into the aforementioned theory. Method: - By means of an online experiment, participants (N = 373) were randomly assigned to different nudging conditions or a control condition. The questionnaire mimicked a working contract, including the decision for or against a subscription to the ticket. - Results: Results of structural equation modeling revealed that the theory predicted the purchase decision well, yet the impact of environmental concern was surprisingly low. Most tickets were purchased in the default condition, but no nudge reached statistical significance. - Discussion and Conclusion: The limitations of nudging in the transport sector are discussed, along with the effectiveness of advertising public transport through an environmental lens.

In der vorliegenden Dissertation wird am Beispiel des Berliner Umlandes der Frage nachgegangen, ob ein Wohnort im suburbanen Raum trotz postfordistischer und postsozialistischer gesellschaftlicher Einflüsse einschränkend auf den Alltag von Frauen wirkt. Die Annahme genderspezifischer Differenzen ergibt sich vor dem Hintergrund eines „frauenfeindlichen“ Images, welches dem Umland von Städten seit Jahrzehnten anhaftet. Es wird für Bewohnerinnen herausgestellt, ob und in welchem Maße ihnen Handlungsressourcen zur Verfügung stehen, welche sie den möglichen Begrenzungen entgegensetzen können. Die Ergebnisse der empirischen Analyse zeigen, dass die Kombination einer geringen Ausstattung mit wohnortnahen Arbeitsstätten mit der vorrangigen Zuständigkeit von Frauen für Reproduktionsarbeit(smobilität) dazu führen, dass die Mehrheit der Umlandbewohnerinnen eindeutig constraints ausgesetzt ist. Die Arbeitsteilung gilt hierbei nach wie vor als stark Geschlechterrollen determinierend. Neben der räumlichen Ausstattung mit Erwerbsarbeitsmöglichkeiten übt die Verfügbarkeit von Kinderbetreuungseinrichtungen einen Einfluss auf den weiblichen Zugang zum Arbeitsmarkt aus. Wie für den Bereich der Arbeit kann auch für den der Mobilität dem Differenzierungsmerkmal der Sozialisation eine maßgebliche Bedeutung beigemessen werden, da ost- und westdeutsch sozialisierte Personen immer noch den jeweiligen, sie prägenden Gesellschaftsmodellen der beiden deutschen Staaten verhaftet scheinen. Den mit Arbeit und Mobilität verbundenen Einschränkungen können Frauen jedoch nicht in kompensierendem Umfang die Ressource des Sozialkapitals entgegensetzen, da sie ihre „typisch suburbane“ Lebensweise an der Entwicklung eines gemeinschaftlichen Lösungsansatzes hindert. Aus den dargestellten Ergebnissen leitet sich die Aufforderung ab, die Herausforderung der Gestaltung suburbaner Räume anzunehmen und durch die genaue Kenntnis spezifischer Teilräume eine gendergerechte Planung zu ermöglichen. / This thesis examines the question if residence in a suburban area – region surrounding Berlin taken as an example – imposes constraints on women’s day-to-day life despite the social impact of post-Fordism and post-Socialism. One can assume gender-specific differences since suburban residential areas have been labelled as “women-unfriendly” for decades. Ten study areas have been chosen with the objective to establish if any and what particular course of action is available to female residents to compensate the likely constraints. The empirical analysis proves that the lack of employment sites available for women in the vicinity of the place of their residence comes into collision with women’s paramount role in reproductive labour (mobility) and results in evident constraints imposed on the majority of female suburban residents. The division of labour is assumed to strongly determine gender roles to this day. The availability of paid work in a given area along with the access to childcare institutions determines women’s chances at the job market. Different patterns of socialisation were found to play an essential role in the work as well as in the mobility practices, since people of the East- or the West German origin seem still to be shaped by the respective society models. The constraints on work and mobility can hardly be compensated through the resources of social capital since women’s “typically suburban” art of living hinders a cooperative search for solutions. The results presented in this thesis urge to rise to the challenge of designing the suburban areas and, with the help of better knowledge of specific area divisions, to facilitate suburban planning which would better meet the needs of both men and women.