<p>Proces tranzicije i projekti modernizacije u<br />većini postsocijalističkih dru&scaron;tava u Evropi,<br />samim tim i na Balkanu, realizovani su u formi<br />deformisane imitativne modernizacije ili<br />kontramodernizacije. Romi su i dalje<br />periferija, ali ovoga puta Evropske unije. Pred<br />njima je neizvesna budućnost u liku alternativa:<br />perspektiva postmodernog totalitarizma sa<br />tehnokratskom diktaturom, ili formiranje<br />čovečanstva kao zajednice ravnopravnih<br />građana i naroda u duhu modela socijaldemokratske<br />globalizacije sveta sa respektom<br />bogatstva kulturnih različitosti sveta, sa<br />globalizacijom razumevanja i solidarnosti među<br />narodima Dakle, i na nama savremenicima je<br />velika odgovornost kakav će oblik, lik i su&scaron;tinu<br />imati budućnost čovečanstva &ndash; da li će se ono<br />razvijati u ključu humanizacije dru&scaron;tva i<br />emancipacije čoveka, ili pak novih oblika<br />socijalnog, političkog i kulturnog porobljavanja.<br />Upravo iz tog razloga, izučavanje specifičnosti<br />stvarala&scaron;tva Roma u kontekstu evropskog<br />sistema kulturnih vrednosti ima veliki značaj.<br />U savremenom svetu, Romi kao etnička grupa<br />sve če&scaron;će postaju predmet interesovanja<br />naučnih istraživanja. &bdquo;Simbolika likovne<br />umetnosti Roma i evropski sistem kulturnih<br />vrednosti&rdquo; pokazuje se u dana&scaron;nje vreme krajnje<br />interesantnom temom istraživanja, s obzirom na<br />njen teorijski i na praktični aspekt. Reč je o umetnostje u svojoj formalnosti dugo vremena<br />bivala mimikrijska, zahvaljujući simboličkoj<br />vrednosti njenih artefakata. Mi je<br />multidisciplinarnim uvidom sagledavamo u<br />obrisima. Likovna umetnost Roma ima svoj<br />korpus koji je dugo bio zatočen u nacionalnim<br />predstavama izbegavajući oznaku romski.<br />Identitet Roma, kao i njihov imidž u Srbiji i<br />Evropi, sveden je na ovu marginalizovanu<br />dimenziju kulture, a kulturna tradicija Roma<br />podvrgnuta je IRONIZACIJI I<br />VULGARIZACIJI od strane većinske i drugih<br />manjinskih zajednica. Romska kultura,<br />artefakti, umetnici formalno su nevidljivi i<br />nemaju prepoznatljivost u dru&scaron;tvu. Ovaj rad je<br />doprinos osvetljavanju aspekta valorizacije<br />romskog kulturnog korpusa.</p> / <p>Transition processes and modernization projects<br />in most post-socialist societies in Europe,<br />including Balcans, have been realized in the<br />form of deformed imitative modernization or<br />counter-modernization. Roma people are still at<br />periphery, but this time at the periphery of<br />European Union. They are facing uncertain<br />future, with alternatives of postmodern<br />totalitarianism with technocratic dictature, or<br />humanity as community of equal citizens and<br />ethnic groups in the spirit of social-democratic<br />globalization, with respect for cultural<br />differences and understanding and solidarity<br />among nations. Contemporaries bear<br />responsibility for what form and essence the<br />future of humanity will have &ndash; whether it will<br />develop in the course of humanization of<br />society and emancipation of people, or its<br />develepment will be directed toward new forms<br />of social, political and cultural oppression.<br />Therefore, the researh of specificity of Roma&rsquo;s<br />creative work in the context of European system<br />of cultural values is of great importance.<br />In contemporary world, Roma people as ethnic<br />group are becoming the subject of scientific<br />research more and more frequently. &bdquo;Symbolics<br />of Roma&rsquo;s fine arts and European system of<br />cultural values&ldquo; turns out to be very interesting<br />topic for studying, considering its theoretical<br />and applied aspects. This thesis is<br />interdisciplinary study with both theoretical and<br />broader cultural relevance, for this topic yields<br />the possibility for the analysis and dialog of<br />different culturological value dimensions which<br />are built in centuries-long history of Europe.<br />Study deals with a &bdquo;specific illumination&ldquo; of<br />unlit aspects of Roma people and the field of<br />fine arts, their possible history, developmental<br />paths and actuality. Today, this issue is<br />significant for plenty of reasons, since this<br />problem is shadowed by many ephemeral studies which yielded modest results. This work<br />is based on scientific analytical-synthetic<br />paradigm. The main research problem addressed<br />in this study is the question: whether the<br />symbolics of Roma&rsquo;s fine arts exists in the<br />European system of cultural values, or whether<br />symbolics of Roma&rsquo;s art reflects in European<br />culture. Descriptive, hermetical and<br />comparative historical methods were used in the<br />study under the framework of synchronic and<br />diachronic approach. Because of the specificity<br />of the research subject, thought experiment was<br />used as well, as logical principle of aesthetical<br />analysis.<br />In this research, aesthetical discussion, evidence<br />of visible and invisible Roma&rsquo;s art has been<br />developed, as well as evidence of elements of<br />symbolics in the fine arts of Roma people in the<br />context of European system of cultural values.<br />Roma&rsquo;s fine art has been mimicric for a long<br />time, because of the symbolic value of its<br />artefacts. Using multidisciplinary approach, we<br />recognize its contours. Its corpus has been<br />detained in national notions, by avoiding label<br />Romani. Roma&rsquo;s identity, as well as their image<br />in Serbia and Europe, has been reduced to this<br />marginalized cultural dimension, and Roma&rsquo;s<br />cultural tradition has been exposed to<br />ironization and vulgarization by national<br />majority and other national minorities. Roma&rsquo;s<br />culture, artefacts, artists are formaly invisible<br />and unrecognized. This work contributes to<br />illumination and valorization of Roma&rsquo;s cultural<br />corpus.</p>

The Msinga magisterial district, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa is notable because it has for many years been regarded socially as a pariah region by residents of the Province. Over the decades it has been a 'dumping ground' for people and cultures, an infertile land where gun-running, the illegal cultivation of marijuana, and continuous stock theft has relieved some of the abject poverty, but has also exacerbated the local incidence of faction fighting. However, the people of the area have responded to this ongoing social submission by reacting with creativity and colour in their clothing, cultural goods and homesteads. The cultural material of the district is, in my opinion, unsurpassed anywhere else in the Province, from the traditional interpretation of the Msinga dolls to the exuberant architecture of the contemporary homestead. The layout and elevational resolution of any type of vernacular homestead, defined by Oliver in the first chapter, is a result of a broad number of factors, most importantly resources in terms of materials, economy, climate and culture. The response of the people of Msinga in the Tugela Valley embraces all of these factors to produce a surprising resolution that distills a fresh response to the architectural depiction of a social emergence from the peasantry. The internationally acknowledged prominent form of Zulu architecture, the beehive hut, has been adequately documented in the past. Biermann, Walton and Knuffel carried out different levels of work on this building type from the 1950s onwards. Nowadays, dwindling natural resources in KwaZulu-Natal have resulted in the creation of a new set of vernacular architectures, responding to the environment and resources available, and reflecting the specific needs of the builders, from the expression of social and economic values, to the pragmatic reality of protection from 'political strife. On the one hand, the buildings. in the Msinga Valley are changing rapidly with the natural life course of each building. However, on the other, the development of new architectural styles with the continual building of new units within homesteads demonstrates a dynamic architectural and decorative tradition. The co-existence of the material cultures of Msinga and their architectural expression has to be documented and an attempt made at analysis. The threat of indigenous vemacular traditions disappearing at the expense of development is visible on the horizon. Regional planning initiatives are pressured to deliver houses and services on a large scale, which would be severely detrimental to the continuance of a vernacular architectural tradition. The architectural culture, although currently dynamic, is at risk, and thus begs for documentation. I aim to present the unique decorative tradition of Msinga as an architecture within the contexts of place and extant material culture. Adopting anything but a broad socio-cultural perspective in this case is both short-sighted and ill-focussed. The architecture of rural areas is a material culture that is embedded in the history, social and political struggles, and economic strife. Yet, in contrast with these negative influences, it demonstrates an exuberance that is continued in the other material cultures in Msinga. I begin with an overview, pull out the thread of Msinga as an area, then distil the material culture and, ultimately, the architecture and the decoration. / Thesis (M.Arch.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.

M.A. (Anthropology) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:33:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chirley Maria de Souza Almeida Santos.pdf: 2345481 bytes, checksum: 27bbda49bf28923f36e3b051d2bb99b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This current work, analyzing narratives and information collected through the means of interviews and observation, examined the work realized by the professionals of education of the CECI-Jaraguá (center of education and indigenous culture, school belonging to the network of education of the municipality of Sao Paulo, Brazil). The reflections made with base at the data had as reference the fact that such educational center is an instrument to the strengthening of the traditional Guarani culture, transforming in school content their cosmology and customs resulted from the way of life, besides the knowledge that the elderly of the tribe carry on. The presence of the school in the community is also justified by the necessity of the indigenous understand the world of the juruá (non indigenous). It was verified that the processes of preservation of customs and native beliefs taken away in an institution (the school) that does not make part of the Guarani culture, as long as the education of the children was historically promoted in the interaction and integration of them in the activities of the adults, show the transformation such of the tradition as the school, without meaning the loss of the cultural identity. For this reason, the concept of frontier by Fredrik Barth was fundamental to the interpretation of the data / O presente trabalho, analisando narrativas e informações coletadas por meio de entrevistas e de observação, examinou o trabalho realizado pelos educadores do CECI-Jaraguá (Centro de Educação e Cultura Indígena escola pertencente à rede de ensino município de São Paulo). As reflexões realizadas com base nos dados teve como referência o fato de que tal centro educacional é um instrumento para o fortalecimento da cultura tradicional Guarani, transformando em conteúdo escolar a sua cosmologia e os costumes decorrentes do modo de vida, além da do conhecimento que os mais velhos da aldeia carregam. A presença da escola na comunidade também se justifica pela necessidade de os indígenas compreenderem o mundo dos juruá (não indígenas). Verificou-se que os processos de preservação de costumes e crenças levado adiante em uma instituição (a escola) que não faz parte da cultura Guarani, visto que a educação das crianças foi historicamente promovida na interação e integração delas nas atividades dos adultos, evidencia a transformação tanto da tradição como da escola, sem que isso signifique a perda da identidade cultural. Por essa razão, o conceito de fronteira de Fredrik Barth foi fundamental na interpretação dos dados

This thesis surveys the Akan collections in the Natal Museum, Pietennaritzburg. Chapter one of this thesis gives a historical overview of Akan cultural traditions. The second chapter introduces the main focus of the thesis by surveying two collections of Akan works accessioned into the Natal Museum during the first decade of the twentieth century. Chapter three analyses contextually the Akan collections on the basis of their social and symbolic functions at their African place of origin. The fourth chapter focuses on the Akan goldweights in the Natal Museum and discusses their historical traditions, methods of production, and contextual use. / Thesis (M.A.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1998.

The German government's "Industry 4.0" paradigm transforms technology application across domains using real-time data and connectivity. The telecom sector's reliance on digital, software-driven infrastructure for real-time data and connectivity is paramount. Data science and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are crucial, enhancing telecom networks' reliability, cutting costs, and improving service. This technology drives efficiency and innovation, shaping 33% of the market. As AI matures, discussions revolve around potential human replacement, especially in innovation management. Early AI investments yield cost-effective innovation but may not entirely replace human discretion. The exact AI implementation varies, aligning with organizational goals. This research investigates the challenges of implementing AI in the dynamic telecom industry's R&amp;D departments, particularly in Sweden and Finland. The research employs a case-study approach, utilizing semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data reveals key challenges, including "Lack of Understanding and Awareness," "Recruitment and Skills Gap," "Data Security and Privacy Concerns," and "Infrastructure and Funding Limitations." These findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of AI adoption challenges in the telecom sector, offering valuable insights for future research and industry practice. Ethical considerations and credibility measures were employed to ensure the rigor and validity of the research, emphasizing the importance of impartiality and multiple perspectives in qualitative research. A thematic analysis was conducted focusing on the "People," "Position," "Process," and "Technology" themes. "Position" categorizes organizations and individuals into AI-beginners, AI-followers, and AI-leaders, showing the diverse stages of AI adoption. "People" emphasizes upskilling, culture, and employee receptiveness. "Process" delves into integration challenges, data quality, ethics, and communication. "Technology" highlights data and budget challenges, infrastructure, and scalability. The findings reveal the telecom industry's transformative AI journey and the importance of balancing technological advancements, cultural shifts, skill development, and ethical considerations for successful AI implementation. While the research followed a rigorous qualitative approach, transparency is crucial for evaluating its credibility and acknowledging potential biases and limitations. The telecom industry's future success in harnessing AI's potential relies on understanding and addressing these multifaceted challenges. This research categorizes organizations and individuals into three distinct AI adoption stages: AI-beginners, AI-followers, and AI-leaders. This framework illuminates the diverse positions within the AI adoption spectrum and emphasizes the critical role of leadership, resource allocation, and skills development. Moreover, this research underscores the significance of human factors, integration processes, and technological considerations in successful AI adoption. Practical implications encompass strategic planning, resource allocation, leadership development, cross-functional collaboration, change management, ethical considerations, and talent acquisition. While offering valuable insights, the research acknowledges limitations in sample size, subjectivity, temporal relevance, and contextual completeness. This research also explores the potential future research directions in the domain of AI adoption in the telecom industry. Drawing from the insights gathered through interviews, several promising avenues for future investigations are outlined. These include longitudinal studies to track the evolution of AI adoption, cross-industry comparisons to identify best practices, quantitative analyses of AI's impact on key performance indicators, examinations of regulatory and ethical frameworks, in-depth studies of AI-related skill development, investigations into AI's impact on employment, and explorations of cultural transformations necessary for successful AI adoption. These avenues offer opportunities to advance our understanding of AI adoption dynamics and their implications for the telecom sector.

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Cette thèse traite d’une série de dynamiques identitaires qui marquent le pays Hausa nigérien contemporain. Elle est fondée sur trois missions d’enquêtes ethnographiques, conduites au Niger entre janvier 2006 et décembre 2008. La prise en compte de l’extrême mobilité des populations au Niger a également conduit à effectuer un travail de terrain auprès de la communauté nigérienne implantée en Belgique. <p>Notre approche est une ethnographie attentive aux dynamiques de matérialisation des identités, aux pratiques et aux objets par lesquels les personnes et les communautés qui se revendiquent « hausa » rendent effective une telle affirmation. <p>Il s’agit également d’interroger, dans leur rapport aux dynamiques de l’identité, les flux migratoires, commerciaux et médiatiques qui traversent les espaces urbains et ruraux du Sahel nigérien.<p>Notre recherche vise à saisir la dynamique d’hausaisation (expansion de la langue hausa et des pratiques perçues comme hausa) qui marque les paysages identitaires du Niger. Cette dynamique est analysée au travers des stratégies de reconversion identitaire de migrants touaregs, le plus souvent de basse classe, implantés dans les villes de Sud. Elle est également illustrée par le peuplement de l’un des quartiers périphériques de Niamey. Cet espace présente, en effet, la caractéristique d’être pris dans une dynamique d’hausaisation qui soit à la fois bien avancée et relativement récente. <p>Enfin, ces dynamiques sont analysées par le prisme du « réveil islamique » qui, depuis la fin des années 1970, marque le pays Hausa. Il s’agit notamment de montrer comment ce réveil islamique est fonction de la place occupée par le kasar hausa au sein des géographies globales de l’islam contemporain. <p> / Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished